Avascular Necrosis Case Studies

On examination, there was a solitary, globular swelling involving the upper lateral part of left tibia measuring approximately 5cm by 6 cm. Local temperature was not raised. The surface was smooth, margins were well defined and consistency was bony. The skin overlying the swelling was normal and there were no visible veins, sinuses or scar marks. Examination of the knee and ankle joints was within normal limits and the distal neurovascular status was normal.

Necrotizing Fasciitis is also known as flesh eating bacteria. This is a fast acting and rapid inflammatory infection. This condition is a form of cellulitis. It is generally a rare condition but most often occurs in males. The ratio is about 2.5 to 1 (Edlich, 2015). This bacterium can appear in a person of any age. Despite that, it usually does not occur in children. According to Edlich, the typical age of a patient is around 40 years. Environmental conditions also play a huge role. While the infection does not normally attack children, it is more commonly observed in countries that do not have as good a practice in hygiene. In one case, homeless person was found under a bridge that was later diagnosed with the infection.

The use of physical therapy has progressed throughout the medical field for a plethora of reasons. Whether you need physical therapy after a car accident or breaking your arm in a basketball game, physical therapy has been accustomed for a wide range of injuries. Many people cannot afford the physical therapy needed because numerous insurance companies do not support the practice. Nonetheless, studies have shown that physical therapy takes a great toll on your recovery process. More importantly as children become more involved in sports and start earlier in age to be more competitive, the injury rate of children has increased significantly. With that being said, the range of injuries on the knee specifically have varied and transformed the

The ankle joint is the most commonly injured part of the lower leg. It happens from an unusual twisting action

Osgood-Schlatter; Robert Osgood and Carl Schlatter independently described this painful overuse condition of the tibial tuberosity in 1903. “The Osgood-Schlatter disease is common in active adolescents, possibly caused by multiple small avulsion fractures from contractions of the quadriceps muscles at their insertion into the proximal tibial apophysis.” (Ilgen, 2013, p. 1). When a child complains about the pain and swelling under their patella, it’s suspected that the juvenile may have Osgood-Schlatter (Moore, 2012).

His dressings are removed along with the brace and his incision is a curvilinear laceration through the medial retinacular region. Extensor mechanism of the knee is intact and a straight leg raise is painful but normal. Range of motion is grossly limited in flexion secondary to pain but full extension is easily achieved. He is stable with varus and valgus stress testing at 0 and 30 degrees. Gentle Lachman's test does not demonstrate any gross instability. The ankle shows some dependent edema but no acute injury. Range of motion, dorsiflexion, plantar flexion, inversion, and eversion are all intact with adequate strength. Extensor hallucis longus, dorsiflexion, plantar flexion function of the ankle are all intact with 5/5 strength, L3-S1 sensory dermatomes are intact to light touch, though the patient does describe some mild periwound numbness. There is no streaking erythema. Wound is benign and shows no signs or symptoms of infection. Vascular tone is full and compartments are

The symptoms are described as dull and sharp. Weight bearing and putting pressure aggravate the pain. Current pain level is 6/10. The exam of the left lower extremity showed that the pin sites were completely healed. Skin was intact. Pulses were palpable. He was able to range his ankle comfortably. He virtually had no motion of the subtalar joint. His pain was over the lateral part if the subtalar joint. The foot was warm. Pulses were palpable. He was intact neurovasculay. There was no calf pain. Reported CT scan demonstrated that the calcaceus fracture was healed. The patient has post-traumatic subtalar joint arthritis and calcaneal cubital joint arthritis. Plan: steroid injection, shoe wear and activity modification. If conservative treatment fails, he will benefit from a subtalar joint

Diagnosis: Results from the orthopedic exam indicated two torn ligaments. The medial collateral ligament (MCL), which originates at the medial femoral epicondyle and inserts at the periosteum of the proximal tibia, deep to the pes anserine and the ACL, which originates on the Lateral wall of the intercondylar notch at its posterior aspect and inserts at the anterior aspect of the tibial plateau between the tibial eminences. As well, a medial meniscal injury was considered

Design and Setting: This was a contemplation of 23 different cases of little leaguer’s elbows that were collected from a variety of case reports. These all included the history, physical examination finding, bilateral internal and external

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: This patient is a 10-year-old male. He was in a Motocross accident this past Saturday, sustaining tibial eminence fracture, displaced. He presents today for evaluation.

There may also be associated bony lesions: avulsion fractures of the ACLu or PCL, frank utibial plateau or distal femur condylar fractures, or ipsi-lateral tibial or femoral shaft ufracture. ( 9 )

On examination of the right ankle, there is edema. Range of motion is limited in all planes. Dorsiflexion shows 15 degrees, flexion to 20 degrees and inversion/eversion of 10 degrees. There is tenderness upon palpation of the lateral and medial malleolus. Sensation is decreased. Atrophy/wasting is noted.

A. Patient Jane Doe was injured on her left shin, while playing soccer at her local high school. That injury caused her pain while walking, and pain on her left knee cap. The foot was slightly palpated until a pulse detected, only then were they able to conclude Jane was getting enough blood circulation to the lower extremities of the leg (Disorders). An X-Ray is to be administered to further assess her injury. The results indicated a break in the shin bone just under the knee, luckily the bone has not been dislocated and it did not penetrate the skin (Disorders).

The typical ankle sprain arises with inversion of the plantar flexed foot during weight bearing. Maximum elongation and strain of the Anterior talo fibular ligament occurs when foot is in plantar flexion. Stressful inversion through in plantar flexion can increase the chance of stress and strain to the ligament external the yield point or even the final failure strain. The force may be adequate to damage the calcaeno fibular ligament. More frequently, damage to the anterior talo fibular ligament causes excessive dorsiflexion of the ankle . Constant inversion stress with the ankle neutral or dorsiflexion leads to failure strain of the calcaeno fibular ligament .19 The athelete or sports player who uses the ankle more, so his sole of the foot

Two major classification are utilized, the Denis Weber, AO and the Lauge Hansen. The Denis Weber classified fractures as to the location of the fibula and the components of the ankle that have been injured. In the Weber type A fracture, The fibula is avulsed distal to the syndesmotic ligaments, and the medial malleolus is fractured vertically. (19)