Avoidant Coping Styles

This research is to distinguish whether the children, who are exposed to violence or abuse, if left unaddressed or ignored, are at an increased risk for emotional and behavioral problems in the future. Children who are abused may not be able to express their feelings safely and as a result, may develop difficulties regulating their emotions. As adults, they may continue to struggle with their feelings, which can

Children who have been abused are left with more than just physical scars. They have many psychological, emotional, and behavioral problems as well. Their social lives are affected dramatically, and they suffer lifelong effects. (Lambert) Children tend to

Children react to their environment in different ways, and those reactions can vary, depending on the child 's gender and age. Children exposed to family violence are more likely to develop behavioral, emotional, psychological, and social problems than those who are not. Recent research indicates that children who witness domestic violence show anger and temperament problems, depression, low self-esteem, and more anxiety than children who do not witness violence in the home. The trauma they experience can show up in behavioral, physical, social, and emotional disturbances that affect their development and can continue into adulthood.

Patient is able to perform activities and reduced reliance on others for meeting own needs.

A person who is physically abused reacts in society differently then others. The way a person interact socially molds the way society accepts and works with them. Teisl and Cicchetti (2008) study showed that children who are maltreated are more aggressive and disruptive them those who are not maltreated. People develop the basis how is it appropriate to act in society at a young age. When trauma takes place, like physical abuse, it disrupts the process. Some research done on students in high school has shown that the abuse had lower effectiveness. This may mean that the students are able to develop effective coping skills or that the full effects have not yet emerged (Kamsner & McCabe, 2000). It was made known

Longitudinal research studies have also indicated that early physical abuse or neglect as a child can increase the risk of the child being antisocial or committing violent, nonviolent, or status offenses in the future.

There are significant signs of psychological trauma due to any kind of abuse. Children experience feelings of low self esteem and depression. Many exhibit behavioral problems including aggression towards other children. Other emotional problems include hostility, fear, humiliation and the inability to express feelings. The social impacts of physical abuse include inability to form relationships, poor social skills, poor cognitive language skills, distrust of others, over-compliance with authority figures, and tendency to solve interpersonal problems with aggression. (2008, p. 1). Verbal and physical abuse has a cumulative impact on children’s socialization. Abused children are caught in damaged relationships and are not socialized in positive, supportive way (Craig & Dunn, Ex.: 2010, p. 196). They learn defiance, manipulation and other problem behaviors that are used to escape any maltreatment. In turn they will learn to exploit, degrade and terrorize.

451). “Research has found that adolescents with secure attachment to their parents do better than their peers in terms of self-reliance and independence, behavioral competence, and psychological well being” and those who have secure attachment score lower for social and psychological problems (Ashford & Lecroy, 2013, p. 451). While looking at attachment development during this phase, should an adolescent be securely attached or begin to detach, this would not apply much to the client. The client, due to extreme circumstances and experiences, has already detached her attachment from the caregiver, and has already developed her own autonomy. This is also usually a struggle for adolescents with parents, control versus autonomy, but the client is already leading her life to full autonomy. While the mother is having more difficult detaching from the client, which is due to her own psychological problems, the client has been forced to detach attachment to mother from a very young age. The client would not fall under the typical development pattern of finding independence with attachment because of her life

During my second year of College I had to move in my father that got released from the army because of an injury. I lived in New Jersey and he lived in Florida. I had to move to Florida and transfer to another college and watch over my father because he was suffering from PTSD. It was extremely stressful because I saw my father at his low point which affected me mentally. I had hard time concentrating in class and my grades were getting affected by it. I normally do quite well, so this was a sign of a big problem.

This is why it is crucial to understand that people know and understand that these children need help and do not function the same as a child who has not experienced neglect. Neglect can affect a child’s emotions, ability to see right from wrong, and identify consequences of actions (Children’s Bureau, 2013). It can also lead to depression. “When a child is abused or witnesses abuse, he or she learns that violence is a method used to control others” (Effects of Child Abuse and Neglect, 2016). Reactive attachment Disorder (RAD) is commonly found in children who are maltreated or raised in institutions (Zeanah,

In other instances, the parent can confiscate the child’s belongings or force the children to strip down naked and be photographed as a form of punishment. Considering the types of abuse that these children experience, there are psychological effects that can affect their life as they get older. The effects of household abuse can extend outside the home and affect the child in their performance in society. “Children Exposed to Domestic Violence” states that children exposed to family violence can experience difficulties in paying attention and staying on task (Geffner 39). Abused children are prone to externalizing problems which causes children to act out. Externalizing problems include temper tantrums, impulsivity, hyperactivity, aggression, conflict, cruelty and bullying. Another issue that abused children develop are internalizing problems. Internalizing problems are issues such as headaches, sleep disturbances, anxiety, fear of separation, social withdraw and depression. This overall causes the children to be less engaged in tasks and in normal behaviors.

On the one hand, secure attachment in infancy will create a better adolescent. Even though in the middle of adolescences i.e. around ages 15 and 16 the attachment to parents may weaken, towards the end of the adolescence, it comes to normal level (van Wel, 1994). It is a popular belief that the happiness and wellness of an adolescent is closely connected to his peers relations rather than family. On the contrary, researchers who have ventured this path proves it wrong and the studies concluded that the overall development of a teenager mostly depends on the type of relationship with their parents, which is consistent across a variety of cultures (e.g., Greenberg, Siegal, & Leitch, 1983; Raja, McGee, & Stanton, 1992; Claes,1998; Okamoto & Uechi,

Child abuse and neglect have immediate and long-term consequences. In addition to negatively impacting the child, child abuse and neglect impacts the family, the school community, and even future generations. The ability to survive and be successful in the face of child abuse and neglect depends on a variety of factors, including the extent and type of abuse or neglect, whether it was continual or infrequent, the age of the child when abuse was initiated, the child’s relationship to the abuser, and how the abuse or neglect was responded to. Outcomes are also dependent on the child’s personality traits, inner strength, and the support the child receives from those around them. It is important to acknowledge that some children will not develop behavioral problems, so it cannot be assumed that a

Child abuse is a term impacted by copious multidimensional and interactive factors that relate to its origins and effects upon a child's developing capacities and which may act as a catalyst to broader, longer-term implications for adulthood. Such maltreatment may be of a sexual, physical, emotional or neglectful nature, each form holding a proportion of shared and abuse-specific psychological considerations (Mash & Wolfe, 2005). Certainly in terms of the effects / impairments of abuse, developmental factors have been identified across all classifications of child abuse, leading to a comparably greater risk of emotional / mental health problems in adult life within the general population

Hardiness/resilience is a personality characteristic originally identified by Suzanne Kobasa (1979) and redefined in further studies by Kobasa, Maddi, and Kahn (1982), and many others, as cited in (Schafer, 2000; Morris & Maisto, 2005). It was established in these studies, that participants who displayed the