Axum, Aksum In Northern Ethiopia

When one civilization falls, another one rises to power. This was the case for Ancient Egypt, their decline made way for the Kingdom of Kush to dominate the Nile Valley. Davidson speaks of one of the greatest surprises found in the desert of Kush-Meroe. Located in the inner part of Africa, is the pyramid tombs of the Kings and Queens of Kush. The Kushite empire underwent many foreign influences. For example, during the 6th century Christian ideologies influenced the governing principles then later theIslamic conquest (Khapoya 71). The influences of Islam is still prevalent within the Nubian culture. Unfortunately all good thing must come to an end, and the Kingdom of Aksum invaded and destroyed the capital of Kush, Meroe. Despite its fall,

The Hittite empire is the earliest known Anatolian civilization, existing between the 15th and 13th centuries B.C. Though the Hittites are mentioned in one of the best-known ancient texts, the Bible, their existence was widely doubted and not scientifically confirmed until what remained of Hattusa, the empire’s capital city in north-central Anatolia, was discovered in 1907. In the ruins of Hattusa, archaeologists discovered more than 20,000 clay tablets (Brown) containing written accounts of the empire’s history. This relatively recent discovery has revealed details of a powerful empire with military prowess, an organized system of law and government, and a network of allies and vassal states. The Hittites, who called their empire Hatti,

I chose the Mesopotamia and the Nile River Valley. These two civilizations are two of the most favorable ancient civilizations. Although these civilizations are similar in many ways, the small, but impacting differences it what makes these two civilizations stand out the most. The Nile River Valley was located in northern Africa in a country called Egypt. Mesopotamia was located in modern day Iraq, Iran, Syria, Kuwait, and parts of Turkey. The origin of Mesopotamia comes from the meaning “between two rivers.” The land is between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Defining moments for human civilization began within these two.

As you can see the Aksum empire was the best and biggest trading empire because of where they were and the geography around them. Ancient Egypt was a smart empire and learn the way the geography around them worked and what it did, so they can plan around it and be successful. Lastly, Ancient Greece was affected and they weren’t able to move and be able to life with a very successful empire where they were. This shows that geography was a huge part of the way the people in the empires lived and if they were successful or

Ancient Mesopotamia, sometimes referred to as the “Cradle of Civilization”, was located in the Fertile Crescent between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, bringing the Greek origin of its name, of “land between rivers”. There were two very different regions in ancient Mesopotamia:

The cultures of Mesopotamia and Egypt developed into such successful civilizations for various reasons. Mesopotamia is located in the middle of the Fertile Crescent, which is made up of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Egypt is located in Africa and has natural barriers that protect it. Those barriers are the Red Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, the Nile River, and various mountains.

One may know the Stonehenge of England, The Great Pyramid of Khufu in Egypt, and the Roman Coliseum in Rome, Italy. What one ought to have known is The Great Ancient city of Tikal.

Physically and culturally Ancient Egypt is a large part of Africa. Many scholars indicate that “…Egyptian prehistory are agreed on two basic principles: the African geological context, according to which the Egyptian Epipaleolithic and Neolithic cultures are included in a wide Saharan Nile context; and the continuity of time” (Autuori 113). Ancient Egypt was forged on the Nile River, a main geographical landmark in Africa. Although Ancient Egypt may be close to Asia, it is a part of the African continent. The southern and western parts of Egypt are bordered by African landmass. The Mediterranean Sea and he Sinai Peninsula separate Egypt from Asia and Europe. Africa’s flora and fauna were used in symbol systems in early Egyptian culture. Animals native to Africa were used in early hieroglyphics and iconographies. This makes it evident that there is a definite link between Egypt and its African posterity. “[Late prehistoric Egypt]…the essentially African nature of many of the central features of Pharaonic civilization…it also explains the innumerable cultural parallels between ancient Egypt and both the ancient Saharan and modern black African civilizations” (133). The geographic

One innovative idea that Akhenaton carried out was during his 5th year of ruling , where he created the new capital city named “Akhetaton”, meaning “The Horizon of the Aton”. The city is commonly known today as “Amarna” or “El-Amarna.” The city was located approximately 200 kilometers from Cairo, west of the River Nile , in modern day Minya. The purpose of the new city was to serve as a new home for Aton and Akhenaton, as the city would be free of people who opposed his ideas . The city consisted of two significant buildings – “The Great Aton Temple” and “The Small Aton Temple.” These temples displayed Akhenaton’s different views on Ancient Egyptian architecture and his

Approximately 30 centuries ago – with the conquering of the land by Alexander the Great in 332 B.C. – a very preeminent civilization was originated in northeast Africa. Because of their location they were

In the sixth century B.C.E., the civilization of Aksum, which was located in what in now Ethiopia, was flourishing. One traveler wrote his thoughts about the trading processes that the Aksumites did. This piece of writing that he wrote can show a lot about how the Aksumites lived.

Ancient Egypt, what is now the modern country of Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeast Africa. One of the earliest, long-lasting and most influential civilization in the world history, flourished between the time period around 3000 and 1000 BC. Life of ancient Egypt centered around the river and fertile land. It was just a gift from river Nile as without the river, it might not have existed. Known to be one of the six civilizations to arise independently, it occurred in a series of stable kingdoms.

Nubia is one of the earliest and largest ancient kingdoms. Known for rich deposits of gold and was also the gateway through luxurious products like incense, ivory, and ebony which traveled from their source in sub-Saharan Africa to the civilizations of Egypt and the

Aksum is located best to become a major center of trade The major port city of Aksum was the city of Adulis, which was on the coast of the Red Sea. They trade a wide variety of products like salt, gold, ivory, gems, cloth, glass, and olive oil. Some traders would travel from long distants.

Their language too has been found to be closely related to the Ge’ez languages of the Axums. Like the Egyptian, Axumites also built elaborate tombs for the wealthy ruling classes. King Ezana’s stele that is about 70 feet high still stands and is made of solid stone dating back to about 300 AD. Most Axumite monuments were thin and tall. THey also contained inscriptions about the king's achievements and events of historical