BDI-2 Self-Report Inventory

DAS is recommended for this group as it is reliable and gives correct prediction and outcomes regarding depression. This assessment tool is easy to use; it is a self-report scale consisting of 40 items with each item having a statement and 7-point Likert scale. The questions used in this assessment are direct and easy making it efficient for most individuals' use (de Graaf, Roelofs, & Huibers, 2009). Besides,

In both Arbisi (2001) and Farmer’s (2001) review of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) addresses an area of weaknesses was the prior version BDI lacked the diagnostic questions that related to self esteem, energy level, frustration and lack of interest. Both authors agreed that the change was necessary and now aligns with a full assessment of depression signs (Arbisi, 2001), (Farmer, 2001). It appears from the articles that both authors agree on the improvements and easy administration of the assessment.

The BDI-II is a 21-item self-report instrument measuring the severity of depression (e.g. looking at symptoms of depression) in adults and adolescents (Beck, et al., 1996).

According to Smarr (2003), the instrument was validated using college students, adult and adolescent psychiatric outpatients (Smarr, 2003). Today, the BDI-II is widely used for those patients as well as normal populations. According to Wang & Gorenstein (2013), the BDI-II can be easily adapted in most clinical settings for detecting major depression and recommending a suitable intervention (Wang & Gorenstein, 2013). Thus, in health care settings the BDI-II has been BDI-II has been expanding in practice in the pathologically ill to assess depressive states that occur at high prevalence (Wang & Gorenstein, 2013).

I would use the Beck Depression Inventory – II (BDI-II) to measure for symptoms of depression of an affective, cognitive, behavioral, or psychological nature

Depression is a severe illness the makes a person feel insecure, worthless. and daily tasks become difficult. They are different types of depression because According to Medical News Today states “depression is likely to be caused by a complex combination of factors, genetic, environmental, and psychological”. The probability is significant with genetics. At times an individual may become substantially depressed that they believe their life achievements seem futile. Depression is a

“Here is the tragedy: when you are the victim of depression, not only do you feel utterly helpless and abandoned by the world, you also know that very few people can understand, or even begin to believe, that life can be this painful. There is nothing I can think of that is quite as isolating as this.” Stated by Giles Andreae. Depression is a common issue in America and it is still an issue that needs to be dealt with. Depression has many symptoms and treatments. With rates increasing, can we be sure that everyone that has or had depression actually say it was depression? In this paper, I will talk about symptoms, misdiagnosis, and treatments.

Psychiatric studies that were part of this study include Beck Depression Inventory, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and SCL-90-R questionnaires. The Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire measures the severity of depression and screens patients who require intervention. BDI scores minimal depression from 0-13, mild depression from 14-19, moderate depression from 20-28, with severe depression scoring lying within the 29-63 range (Beck AT. Depression: Causes and Treatment. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006). HARS provides an overall measure of global anxiety that is psychiatric and somatic symptomatically. Scoring ranges from 0-56 with a score over 14 indicating high levels of anxiety (Bagby RM, Ryder AG, Schuller DR, Marshall MB. "The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale: has the gold standard become a lead weight?" Am J Psychiatry 2004; 161(12):2163-77). SCL-90-R questionnaire presented

Although the research by Michalak et al. mainly focused on chronic depression, the article still provides appropriate information about effectiveness of depressive treatments. It accomplishes this, by comparing and contrasting certain treatments (MBCT, CBASP, TAU) targeted at the psychological disorder of depression. It also describes the certain tools that are used (HAM-D, BI, SASS) in order to measure and analyze the viability of these treatments. Furthermore, the article describes and proves how CBASP is predominately the main treatment for chronic depression.

The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) is the latest version of one of the most extensively used assessments of depression that utilizes a self-report method to measure depression severity in individuals aged thirteen and older (Beck, Steer & Brown, 1996). The BDI-II proves to be an effective measure of depression as evidenced by its prevalent use in both clinical and counseling settings, as well as its use in studies of psychotherapy and antidepressant treatment (Beck, Steer & Brown, 1996). Even though the BDI-II is meant to be administered individually, the test administration time is only 5 to 10 minutes and Beck, Steer & Brown (1996) remark that the interpretive guidelines presented in the test manual are straightforward,

A repeated measure mixed model ANOVA was conducted with depressive symptoms as the dependent variable and gender and diagnosis as the independent variables. Because no interaction between gender and diagnose was found, an independent sample t-test was done with diagnose as the independent variable (t(337)=-3.16 p=.002 d= -.37).

Depression is a global and serious medical illness that has an adverse effect on the way you feel, the way you think, and the way you act. The disease can lead to a mixture of emotional and physical problems and can also lower someone’s capability to function in a workplace or at home. RC Kessler from Lifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication stated that, “Depression symptoms may range from mild to severe and may consist of problems with difficulty thinking, concentrating, or making decisions and thoughts of death or suicide.” The National Institute of Mental Health stated that, “Depression affects approximately one in 15 adults (6.7%) in a year. One in six people

The revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-IA), introduced at the Center for Cognitive Therapy (CCT) in 1971, is a 21 item self-report rating inventory which measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms for the purpose of assessing the severity of depression in

Psychometrics test employed shows: Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) score of 29 which indicate severe depression. The diagnosis was confirmed with Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale where

The Beck Depression Inventory is a self-administered test, administered in a group setting or individually, that measures the severity of depression symptoms and attitudes of depression (pg 1 of manual). The revised Beck Depression Inventory was specifically designed to assess the severity of depression in clinically diagnosed patients. However, the revised Beck Depression Inventory was not specifically developed to be used as a screening instrument in normal populations or to reflect any specific theory of depression. Although the BDI is oftentimes used for screening in normal populations, it should be used with caution because high BDI scores do not necessarily indicated depression. This provides an indication of the level of intensity a patient’s depression is for the past week including the day of administration for clinicians.