BRI Case Study

China does not hesitate to work with corrupt or authoritarian governments if it’s in the country’s economic interest. Thus, China’s investment is bad for the world’s long-term political climate.

The attached article discussed the risks and rewards of China going global. Critically analyse China’s international expansion. Also recommend what China can do to generate further economic growth for both its local economy and discuss how this can contribute to the global economic growth.

It is this that has sparked China’s vulnerability to external shocks. In 2011, China’s exports amassed almost $2 trillion, however in Feb 2012, China recorded a $31.5 billion trade deficit as a result of the European sovereign debt crisis in which China’s main trading partners plunged into recession. China’s severe BOGS decrease is an attempt to control growth and a sustained level of 7.5%. Investment policies are also critical for China to achieve economic growth and development. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in China is being sought primarily in the redesign of State Owned Enterprises (SOE’s) and in the development of interior provinces. Between 75-80% of World Bank loans to China in 2008 were directed to the central and western regions, the most economically disadvantaged. This promotes increased wealth within China, leading to higher levels of development due to a more positive Human Development Index (HDI), which currently sits at 0.687, up from 0.677 in 2010. Thus, trade and investment are critical factors in ensuring that China’s growth remains sustained at 7.5% whilst still encouraging increases in development.

The recent interactions of emerging and established states suggest that the existing standards of the current global economy are shifting. According to Stewart Patrick in his article “Irresponsible Stakeholders? The Difficulty of Integrating Rising Powers,” the United States must accommodate for emerging states within the global economy and refrain from enforcing their values of an open and liberal international economy in order to achieve effective cooperation. Similarly, Andrew Nathan and Andrew Scobell argue in their article “How China Sees America: The Sum of Beijingʻs Fears” that as China gains more influence within the global economy, the United States will have to respond appropriately to maintain its economic values. Both articles ultimately assert that

The process of globalisation in China has been a rapid one. China’s exponential growth since the fall of Mao has lead to increased international influence – with China now operating on an international scale.

China as an economy has change rapidly over the past few decades. It has gone from a war struck country prior 1978, in which the economy was greatly effect, to one of the largest

China’s ‘peaceful rise’ policy defined China’s foreign relations strategy since Deng Xiaoping promote the ‘opening up’ philosophy since 1979. China acknowledges the significance of international cooperation and global governance to its economic development, as Barry Buzan observed, ‘China put its own economic development as top priority, and deduced from that the need for stability in its international relations both regionally and globally’. What is more, in 2005, Zheng Bijian wrote that ‘China’s peaceful rise will further open its economy so that its population can serve as a growing market for the rest of the world, thus providing increased opportunities for – rather than posing a threat to – the international

“The New Great Game: China and South and Central Asia in the Era of Reform” (2016) by Thomas Fingar. He described in his book that the growth of China has generated mixed reaction of elicited envy, admiration, and fear among its neighbors. Although much has been written about this, previous coverage portrays events as determined almost entirely by Beijing. Such accounts minimize or ignore the other side of the equation: namely, what individuals, corporate actors, and governments in other countries do to attract, shape, exploit, or deflect Chinese involvement. The New Great Game analyzes and describes how Chinese policies and priorities affix with the goals and actions of other states in the region. To explore the reciprocal nature of relations

In light of China’s reclamation projects in the South China Sea and the launching of the Asian Investment Infrastructure Bank (AIIB), the question beckons: ‘Is China leading?’ At the Fifth Annual

While a middle-of-the-road approach that both supports and contains China may be flawed, it is the best approach to create a thriving global system. US policy should be to engage with China on mutually beneficial endeavors while putting diplomatic pressure on China to be an active member in international institutions and agreements. The US should pinpoint issues on which China’s greater integration into the global system aligns with China’s changing goals. This should be consist of the United States determining where China can alter its practices for mutual benefit and act as a constructive global citizen. While engaging China, the US should also keep a security presence to dissuade China from exerting power over neighboring

CSR plays a crucial role in BRTC’s vision. it's not a separate division (even though they need someone answerable of it), however instead integrated throughout the full organization. it's a part of their strategy and vision, contributory to property development. BRTC defines CSR as acting properly, “as a decent citizen…not solely to the shoppers or the govt. however conjointly to the suppliers, different corporations, unions and employees…” Besides their primary stakeholders, that is, customers, employees, its homeowners and partners, BRTC has an in depth, active cluster of second-tier stakeholders that embrace authorities, organizations, trade unions, municipalities, neighbors and media (Annual and property development report 2010) Being company

It is not until today that we see China as a rising power, so powerful that could shake the core of global system. Recent resilient economic growth and other development indexes have been widely quoted in thousands of political writings as the prominent evidence alarming about upcoming “systemic changes”. In fact, while Europe was still in the shadow of Dark Ages, China was inventing compass, gunpowder, paper and printing technology. While Penicillin was discovered in 1897 by Ernest Duchesne and later Alexander Fleming, China has been using soybean mold as antibiotic measure for already two thousand years. This is explicitly to say that the preeminence Chinese power is not a modern issue emerged from Mao to Xi period, from Long March iconic leaders to modern ambitious technocrats. During colonization period, the West has been constantly disregarding the strength of China and this only changed dramatically after 1976 when Mao death triggered a new period filling with economic successes.

The article, “China’s Infrastructure Play: Why Washington Should Accept the New Silk Road” by Gal Luft presents the idea of why the United States should actively engage China and its international infrastructure plans. The author appears to be aware of China’s real objectives, stating that the projects are designed “to save China from the economic decline…”, however, the author assumes that the Chinese will be open to sharing their golden opportunity with the United States, and consider it a favor. Furthermore, the author offers evidence that depicts China’s foreign involvement in the areas where infrastructure projects will be built. Nevertheless, Luft does not explain this connection, but the average reader can deduct that China’s entanglements in the region represent more than just economic interests. The military and political activities undertaken by China signal the country’s desire to expand its current strategic advantage worldwide.

The approval of the Three Gorges Project marked an end to a long period of controversy in the Chinese leadership. The government attempted to end the debates but encountered stiff opposition. The Chinese government has received substantial financial support in favor of the project. Several construction contracts are already in progress. This project is used to display how an ambitious enterprise can be tainted by debates and lack of transparencies, unfair labor conditions, and authoritarian decision making in China. Throughout the debates about the project in China, environmentalists have mounted numerous challenges and objections. However, top government officials have given these challenges little attention particularly the prime minister who is focused and determined to ensure that the project succeeds. The success of the project places the country at the top position of being an emerging superpower (Heggelun, 2004).

There is a growing need for a “powerful outsider” (Economist, b, 2009) to become present in Eastern Europe and this place may soon be filled by China. China has motive to create an active role for itself within Eastern Europe; not only its involvement within the trade industry, but also its geopolitical role (Economist, b, 2009). Having greater involvement in Europe would be beneficial, and achieving amicable relations with Europe