Bacteria And Archaea Similarities

Bacteria can exist almost everywhere, some are harmless, and some are harmful. There are thousands of different types of bacteria and they fall

Bacteria are single celled organisms. Some classify them as a separate (fourth) kingdom on the tree of life.

Bacteria is a single celled organism, bacteria have evolved to thrive in almost any environment and can be found in almost any substance/surface and also in the human body, only 1% of bacteria is actually harmful.

Bacteria - are micro-organisms that consist of only one cell. Bacteria multiply by splitting themselves in two, which is called a binary fission. Because of this they can increase in number rapidly. The majority are harmless, but some can be pathogenic which results in bacterial infection occuring. Bacterial infections can be treated by using antibiotics. Bacteria can evolve a resistance to antibiotic e.g. MRSA. Some diseases caused by bacteria include tuberculosis, pneumonia, salmonella, tetanus and syphilis.

In the 1990s, further research in comparative genomics of bacteria and archea showed that in prokaryotic genomes, a majority of genes were acquired

Bacteria are prokaryotic, and if you were to observe the two cells under a light microscope, you could distinguish their differences. The biggest distinguishment you can make while carefully observing the two cells, is the lack of a nucleus in a prokaryotic cell as compared to a eukaryotic. Prokaryotes also lack any membrane-bound organelles.

Microbes are bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. The earth was formed 4.6 million years ago. And a few million years later, by 3.5 billion years ago, earth was already inhabited by a diversity of organisms. The earliest organism is Prokaryotes and within the next billion years, two distinct groups of prokaryotes called bacteria and archaea diverged. Eukaryotes cell evolved from a prokaryotes community, a host cell containing even smaller prokaryotes .The microbial world accounted for all known life forms for nearly 50 to 90% of Earth's history. We are still researching microbial organisms today in marine environment, extreme environments. A microbial observatory is an NSF-funded project dedicated to the discovery and characterization of novel microorganisms and microbial communities of diverse

There were two types of bacteria: sulfur-eating bacteria, and cyanobacteria. Sulfur eaters were the predominate kind of bacteria, but died out when cyanobacteria started photosynthesizing and producing oxygen. Oxygen is lethal to sulfur-eating bacteria. This was called the great oxygenation. The sugars produced by photosynthesis would be the base of the modern food chain. The origin of archaea is unknown. Eukaryotes came into play around 1.5 billion years ago.

Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryotic, which are mostly single-celled incomplex microorganisms. Both Bacteria and Archaea have a variety of prokaryotes classified in multiple kingdoms (Reece, et al., Campbell Biology, 2014). There are a number of scientists who believe that Archaea cells may be the precursor to Eukaryotic cells and that they have more in common with Eukaryotes than Prokaryotes (Madigan, Martinko, & Dunlap, 2009).

Domain archaea- Along with bacteria the domain archaea is a prokaryote cell meaning it consists of one single cell. However archaeal organisms can be found in areas where the earth 's most intense natural resources are present. Areas including Yellowstone National park where there are many geysers along with places including Hawaii.

Many biologists segregate prokaryotes into kingdom Bacteria and Archaea. There are three domains, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Biologists have inferred that the three domains are the three divisions of life. Some biologists continue to evaluate the origin and relationships of the domains. They have found that evolution is not always linear. Among the course of evolution, genes are passed down ‘vertically’ and swapped laterally from one generation to another. Horizontal gene transfer or lateral gene transfer is when genes exchange amongst organisms in one taxon and related organisms in another taxon. This process is common and can appear in several ways like the exchange of DNA between different

Eukaryotes consist of cells that the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes is contained within a distinct nucleus. Additionally, besides the eubacteria and archaea, Eukaryotes include all living organisms, which are not the case with prokaryotes that are microscopic single-celled organisms. Prokaryotes do not have a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles, including the bacteria and cyanobacteria. So a fundamental difference here is that prokaryotes cells do not have organelles, nucleus, but a small amount of DNA in the form of a single, circular chromosome while eukaryotes cells have multiple organelles, a nucleus, as well as sufficient DNA that is organized in multiple, linear chromosomes (Bruck, 2017; OpenStax College, & Rice University, 2013). Another apparent difference in DNA replication between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that while DNA replication process in eukaryotes takes place inside the nucleus, the DNA replication process in prokaryotes occurs inside the cytoplasm.

Prokaryotes were the earliest organisms on earth. Some of these organisms were photosynthetic which helped from the accumulation of oxygen gas in earth’s atmosphere (This actually hurt a lot of the prokaryotes over). Prokaryotes are found almost everywhere, including bodies of other organisms. They even live in extremely harsh environments like areas of high salinity or temperatures very high or low. They reproduce extremely fast which means they evolve fast and why they are very diverse. This is why bacteria can build up resistance to antibiotics very quickly.

Prokaryote cells - bacteria and archeans. They are single celled organisms, where the DNA is not separate from the cytoplasm. These prokaryote cells formed the earliest and most primitive life on earth.

Primarily, the Archaea were once believed to be just another rare group of bacteria, because like bacteria, they are single-celled microscopic prokaryotic organisms with no membrane bound nucleus (http://www.fossilmuseum.net/Evolution/archaeaevolution.htm). Despite the similarities in the cell structure of Eubacteria and Achaea, molecular research by Dr Carl Woese and his co-workers indicated that they differ significantly on the molecular level (Bacteria in Biology, Biotechnology and medicine, Paul singleton). In this essay, am going to discuss the differences and similarities in the fundamental cellular feature of both organisms.