Bagobo Tagabawa Beliefs

The shaman wears a fabric veil while a trance state is being reached. The mask not only blocks out reality, but additionally cover from evil spirits. Restricted in which a shaman returns the soul to the body is through a string-tying custom. Different colours such as white, red, blue strings are fixed to protect individuals from spirits in the form of illness. These strings signify the binding up and holding in place of the life-souls. When Paja and his wife became sick, their relative performed a healing ceremony for them (McSilver & Siegel, 2001). During this ceremony, strings are tied around their wrists to restore their souls to their bodies. The Hmong culture has a lot of traditional activities they perform. During funeral rituals of the Thaos' relative, Uncle Por, relatives give up a chicken for Uncle Por to bear on his excursion to discover his ancestors. Shamans endeavor to mend illnesses through sacrifice to the spirits, for example, with animals. Hmong trust that the souls of creatures and people are firmly connected. They give up a cow to call Paja's soul home, a pig to assuage the mother's soul, and they tie strings around their wrists to keep their souls bound to Earth. In Hmong culture, the souls of conciliatory animals are joined with human souls, in this way, a shaman uses a animals spirit to protect the patient's soul. (McSilver & Siegel, 2001). The Hmong individuals trust

The soul plays a central part in the spiritual world of the Yanomamo. The soul consists of two pieces the one that continues into the afterlife and the one that is freed upon cremation and lives in the jungle. The Yanomamo believe that after death on the way to topmost layer they come to a fork guarded by a spirit which directs them which way to go guided by the generosity shown by soul’s mortal owner. They believe that if directed to the underworld, they can lie out of it and go down the preferred route. The only type of leadership is that of the headman whose main purpose is to host visitors. In the Yanomamo culture, it is commonplace and expected behavior that women are physically disciplined by their husbands for almost any infraction ranging from being too slow with the preparation of food to suspected infidelity, such

In the Aztecs’ story, the first entity was the Earth Goddess Coatlicue, from whom all else sprung. Likewise, in the Greeks’ account, the earth goddess Gaia was the progenitor of the universe. Both are the direct ancestors of all their cultures’ respective deities. Thus, the Aztec and Greek creation myths have deeply rooted

This act reflects the strong ties between birth and death because the same act is done to a newborn baby in Ashanti tradition. After washing the corpse, the body will be dressed and laid in state on a bed with corpse dressed in varies with age, wealth and religion. A corpse from a royal family is covered in kente cloth with a cigarette placed between his lips and another between his fingers, follow by a coin on his forehead. While the corpse of a non-royal family will be buried with the objects or symbols that is very significant to the individual placed with dead person in death. When burying women or men, women are often buried with their pot while men are buried with their bows and quivers.

African culture demonstrates a strong connection with deceased person, and believes that only a correct burial will bring a dead person peace. People in Africa strongly believe in spiritual life, thus their main goal during burial ceremonies is to address a spirit of a deceased person. An African funeral begins with removal of the body from home, which is done through a previously made hole in the wall of the home. Africans remove a dead body through the hole, instead of a door, to confuse a spirit and make sure that a spirit of a deceased person will not return back home, as a hole in the wall is immediately closed after removal of the body. In effort to confuse a spirit even more, they place thorns and sticks in a zigzag pattern along the way as body being taken to the place of burial.

DBQ: Using specific examples from the documents below, analyze the purposes that rituals and festivals served in traditional

One of the rituals was the Death Ceremony. “Native Americans celebrated death, knowing that it was an end to life on Earth, but, believing it to be the start of life in the Spirit World” (“Native…”). This ceremony was preformed to make sure that their soul would not star and roam the earth. The different tribes did different things in these rituals, some gave the dead food or herbs. Others may give gifts to make sure the trip to the afterlife was safe. They would also dress them in traditional clothes and wash them with yucca suds and putting prayer feathers that were tied around the forehead and then they were buried with some of their favorite things. Another ritual was the healing ritual which were often held to bring people to harmony within themselves. There are some differences from tribe to tribe in what they do in the ritual but some would sing and dance and it could last for days and others would use the medicine wheel and a hoop that was sacred to

In this paper, we will discuss the different death rituals performed in different cultures. We view death rituals from Native Americans, Africans, those of the Chinese decent, and endocannibalism from the Fore tribe of Papua New Guinea. Death is universal to all people in every culture. Responses to how one deals with death and dying differ greatly. Death rituals are usually based on beliefs. This can come from religion, history, language, and art.

The aboriginal people believe that in performing rituals such as carobories tells stories of the spirits forming into what they represent such as the emu or kangaroo. These sacred dances are performed on the coming of age ceremonies and many other significant occasions. The sites where these ceremonies are performed are sacred and can only be accessed by certain groups, women and elders and only for the purpose of initiation.

Lwa are the many different spirits of family members and the spirits of major forces of the universe, including good, evil, reproduction, health, and all aspects of daily life. Lwa communicate with people on earth by mounting them now and again during religious ceremonies and give messages while doing so. They even cause various good and bad things to happen to people, depending on how they feel. Mounting, when referring to lwa, is the instance when a loa comes and takes over a person’s body from time to time. This is usually done in religious ceremonies or when a lwa is trying to communicate with a person. When the lwa enters the body, the person is gone. The body is the body of the individual person, but it is really the lwa. For instance, if a male lwa enters the body of a female person, he is referred to as a he and not as a she, only during the mounting. The souls of the deceased act as intermediaries between God and the living. The voodoo faithfully serve these spirits, which have great powers. To disobey them puts one at

The Hmong cultural/religious belief in shamanistic animism claim that wicked spirits are continually searching human souls, mostly those of defenseless or unappreciated children. For Hmong culture, epilepsy is known as qaug dab peg which means, "the spirit catches you and you fall down" in English (Fadiman 1997), which epileptic invasions are seen as affirmation of the epileptic's capability to enter and stay temporarily into the spirit world (unconsciousness). In Hmong

The second ritual medio asiento the person goes through consultation with a santero to discuss the persons past, present and future life. The third ritual is called receiving the warrior. In this ritual the person receives objects from their babaalawo that represent the warriors. The last ritual is asiento (ascending the throne). This is the most important and secretive ritual in santeria. This is when a person wears all white clothes. In this religion drums are only used by men and must be treated with respect. For example, dancers must never turn their backs towards the drums while dancing, it is considered disrespectful (Robinson, 2009).

They had ceremonies for several things. They have Midwinter ceremonies, Nature ceremonies, Maple sap ceremonies, Planting ceremonies, Bean ceremonies, Strawberry ceremonies, Green corn ceremonies, and Harvest ceremonies. Dances and songs are preformed counter clockwise. Some dances are preformed by men. Others are preformed by women. However both kept a beat played on drums and rattles. They like to have funny and fun ceremonies. The Onondaga tribe usually wears headdresses but women and men wear a type of skirt with sandals or slippers. The clothing they wear is specifically called The Gustoweh. The Gustoweh describes one nationality. The women and men would wear a type of pair of shoes that are like slippers with a flower on the front. They didn't wear long headdresses like the

Perhaps two to three times a year at most, members of a neighboring long house appear to spend time with the members of the other longhouse before returning by night to perform what the Kaluli people hold as the cultural and emotional highpoint of the year. The Gisaro ceremony tells a story of lost loved ones; it brings to the forefront of the mind the pain and anguish of nostalgic recollections of the past and what is longed for once more. The dancers arrive by night dressed in the most ornate of dress, like that of the Kalo birds with feathers and body paints constructed from ingredients from around the rainforest to perform the ceremony aimed at eliciting emotional and angered response from members of their neighboring longhouse. They sing out as though they were loved ones lost, taking on the identity of these loved ones reincarnated in the Kalo bird after which they are dressed. As they perform, the members of the group who have experienced the loss grow largely emotional and angry, taking out their anger by plunging torches into the shoulders of the dancers to get back at them for causing such heartache. Though the fired torches pierce their skin, the dancers do not react and continue their performance long into the night – often for hours at a time. The following day, almost as a peace offering or an apology for causing so much pain in the heart of their neighbors, these performers return to deliver food to them and no animosity is held. Though an incredibly painful

* Describe the visual scene of the ritual. What are the colors and textures? Are there pieces of visual art used? What to the participants look like?