Balfour Argument

-That to secure these Rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powers from the Consent of the Governed,

Any reference to conflict turns history into a reservoir of blame. In the presence of conflict, narratives differ and multiply to delegitimize the opponent and to justify one’s own action. Narratives shape social knowledge. The Israeli Palestinian conflict, both Jews and Muslims, view the importance of holding the territories through religious, ideological, and security lenses, based on belief that Palestine was given by divine providence and that the land belongs to either the Israelis or Palestinian’s ancestral home. Understanding these perspectives is required for understanding Palestinians’ and especially Israel’s strategy and role in entering the Oslo peace process. Despite

Foreign and domestic policies are not linear, rather the policies are connected in a circle, with each policy reinforcing the values of another. Domestic American terrorism in the prison and detention systems and governmental reforms are influenced by the mobilization and ethnocentrism abroad. The militarization internationally is justified by the domestic handling of the same cultural issues within the United State borders. The United States has strangely used a near Catch-22 to handle dilemmas. The United States has allowed perspective to become reality, whether with oneself or regarding issues abroad, specifically in the Middle East. Terrorism is the use or threat of fear for political or economical gain. An internal characteristic of terrorism is how dependent it is of perspective, one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter. To understand “terrorism,” a focus must be applied to the history, what drove an organization to commit such acts. Respectively, the Middle East has been a hotbed for the key word “terrorism,” especially because of 9/11. Subsequently, Muslims have been stigmatized by the United States as terrorists. The consequences spawned because of 9/11 require a look to the past to understand the present.

On September 11, 2001, a series of terrorist attacks were directed for the United States by means of four hijacked planes. Two of which hit the twin towers of the World Trade Center, one hit the Pentagon, the headquarters of the Department of Defense, and the fourth crashed in a field near Pittsburg after it was meant to hit the White House. The terror spread in the United States and brought concern and fear to the citizens. The impact of these terrorist attacks caused serious and detrimental damages within the country, and their result on the people were enormous; insecurity, helplessness, and susceptibility spread. Especially after the release of a videotape in which Osama Bin Laden, head of Al-Qaeda, admitted that he was responsible for the terrorist attacks. Hence, President George W, Bush declared the “war on terror” against all terrorists in the Arab world, specifically Afghanistan and Iraq. In the following paper, we will be discussing how the war on terror was waged, its effects on the target countries, and how it was perceived by political thinkers, where some saw it as a conspiracy theory against the Arab countries, and others believed the USA was the victim.

As a society, we often feel we are free. But are we? What is this freedom we think we have? Gardner shows us that the government's main objective is to "satisfy the greed of the majority, the rest will do you no harm. That's it. You've still got your fiction of consent (Gardner, 118)". And if things go wrong, the government's immediate reaction is to use force to gain their objective.

The Balfour Declaration in 1917 had been proposed to "favor the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, but that nothing should be done to prejudice the civil and religious rights of the existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine." (8 IMFA) In 1916 many Arab areas including Palestine were under British control which excited the Jewish population about having settlements on either side of the Jordan River, yet at the same time worried the Arab population with the incredibly quick advancements being made on their land. It seemed as though no matter who was being pleased, the other party would continue to grow uneasy with the advancements made by the other. Jewish immigration to Palestine continued to grow significantly while the British mandate remained in effect primarily due to the mass of anti-seminisitc feelings spreading throughout

World War I was drawing to a close and the British government really wanted to divide up the Ottoman Empire and take Palestine for themselves. In order to accomplish that the British embassy that they could persuade the good ole’ USA to side with them if they got support from the Jewish Americans. Balfour was like well why not? Let’s get Wilson on our side. Chaim Weizmann, a Russian-born Jew who was the head of the Zionist movement in Britain, full heartedly encouraged Balfour to try and gain US support. Since the US’s State Department was fully anti-Zionist, Weizmann told Balfour to get to Wilson via an inside friend by the name of Louis Brandeis. Well after discussions with Brandies (Balfour and Weizmann were relaying info to him) Woodrow Wilson did not want to go public on his opinion, but he quietly supported the creation of the jewish state. This led Balfour to write a letter and send it to a prominent, Zionist, British Jew named Lionel Walter, the second Lord Rothschild. This became known as the Balfour Declaration. It declared that the British government would support the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine. This declaration was the main thing that ultimately turned all of the Palestinians sour and never willing to negotiate and was what Zionists from then on out would refer to as their jurisdiction to creation of a Jewish

On November 1917, Britain issued the Balfour Declaration. The Balfour declaration was a letter sent from Britain's foreign secretary, Arthur James Balfour to a leading British

Since the Independence of Israel in 1948, there has been a greater tension between the Israelis and the Palestinian community. It is very important to know that both have been living Israel before it was considered an independent state. Not only Palestinians have been in conflict with the Israelis but also Arabs and Muslims. They might not have the same issues with Israel as the Palestinians do, but they both dislike Israelis for different reasons. Palestinians issue has been over property ownership while the Arabs and Muslims community has been over religious reasons. It is difficult to resist the conclusion that Israel belongs to

During the time of the Mandatory Palestine, the Balfour Declaration signed in 1917, stated that the government of Great Britain supported the establishment of a "Jewish national home" in Palestine. This exacerbated tensions between the Arabs living in Mandate Palestine and the Jews who emigrated there during the Ottoman period. Signed in January 1919, the Faisal–Weizmann Agreement promoted Arab-Jewish cooperation on the development of a Jewish national homeland in Palestine and an Arab nation in a large part of the Middle East, though this event had little to no effect on the conflict.

Our own perception that Arabs “hate us” owes much to Pres. Bush’s Sept. 20, 2001 address, following the attack by19 Arabs on the Twin Towers, when he says, “They hate our freedoms -- our freedom of religion, our freedom of speech, our freedom to vote and assemble and disagree with each other,” our democracy (Bush 2001). This was followed by yet others generalizing that “the Arabs hate us not because of what we do or who we are but because of what and who we are not: Arabs” (Smith 2010, 6). What of the Arabs themselves? Surveys done by Pew, Gallup, WIN/Gallup and Zogby all show unfavorable perceptions over the last decades. While Zogby, polling Arab public opinion since 2002, disputes the “super myth” that Arabs are angry and “virulently anti-American” and “hate us,” his surveys do indeed show overall highly negative views of the US (Zogby 2010, 81-82). Pew Global attitude polls in Jordan, Lebanon, and Morocco taken in 2002, 2003, and 2005 “found that the US was less popular in the Middle East than in any other part of the world” and that it “remains largely disliked in the region” (Kohut 2005, 1). The strong anti-Americanism was driven not by the dislike of our values and freedoms but by opposition to the foreign policy of the US, in particular the economic sanctions in Iraq, the invasion and occupation of Iraq, the war on terror—seen as a war on Muslims, the huge

Third, the Balfour declaration was a letter from the Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour and the letter clearly stated by the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland and it said that Palestine was the national home of the Jewish people and not of the Palestinian people. Nevertheless, the declaration did state that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews

Yesterday’s event regarding the Balfour Declaration was given by Charles Smith. The 100th year anniversary of the Balfour Declaration serves as a great reminder of the cornerstone to the existence of the Israeli state today. Dr. Smith argues that, at the time, Lord Balfour’s letter was written to Rothschild favoring a national home in Palestine. Which is what many Zionists wanted; a state in all of Palestine, not just a national home. He discusses to key elements that helped the Jewish movement further push for the Balfour Declaration’s implementation. These were the European Jewish relations within Europe at the time, which marginalized the Jewish communities. Also, European imperialism, with respect to the British, is an important point

Since the terrorist attacks on September 11th, 2001 there has been a constant barrage of media surrounding the multitude of terrorist attacks that occur throughout the Middle East and other regions of the world. While it seems that well known Islamic terrorist groups such as ISIS or al-Qaeda take credit for these attacks, this may not always be the case. By taking responsibility for these attacks, these groups extend their influence and reputation throughout the world. For many people in the United States and other countries throughout the world, it is hard to understand why these groups seek to harm so many people and inflict terror on what would seem to be innocent persons. In Knowing the Enemy: Jihadist Ideology and the War on Terror, Mary

A year before the Balfour Declaration, the British had secretly promised the French that they would divide up the Arab territories and the Brits would keep Palestine. Furthermore, in 1915, other British officials had promised the ruler of Mecca, Sharif Hussein, that he would rule over an Arab state including Palestine if he led an Arab revolt against Ottoman rule, which Hussein promptly did, so basically the Brits had promised Palestine to the Meccans, to themselves, and to the Zionists. What could go wrong? So shortly after the end of the war, the British established a colony in Palestine with the idea that they'd rule until the Palestinians were ready to govern themselves, at which point, the people living in Palestine were like, " Well,