Banana Oil Synthesis Report Essays

Ethyl ethanoate is made from ethanol and ethanoic acid. In the reaction sulphuric acid is added as a catalyst.

The goal of this experiment was to synthesize aspirin. In this experiment aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, was synthesized from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. In the reaction the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring in salicylic acid reacted with acetic anhydride to form an ester functional group. This method of forming acetylsalicylic acid is an esterification reaction. Since this esterification reaction is not spontaneous, sulfuric acid was used as a catalyst to initiate the reaction. After the reaction was complete some unreacted acetic anhydride and salicylic acid was still be present in the solution as well as some sulfuric acid, aspirin, and acetic acid. Crystallization, which uses the principle of

In this experiment, the Fischer Esterification of an unknown acid and an unknown alcohol was used to prepare an unknown ester. Sulfuric acid was used as a catalyst in the reaction which then was put under reflux. After cooling, the pH of the solution was raised to approximately 8 using sodium carbonate. Diethyl ether was added, then the aqueous layer was removed and the organic layer was washed with sodium chloride. The aqueous layer was removed again and sodium sulfate was added. The unknown product was then identified using gas chromatography (GC) to obtain the retention time.

The filter paper, holding the aspirin crystals, was removed from the funnel and was left to dry before being weighed. Once the aspirin crystals were weighed, the theoretical yield and the percent yield of the experiment were calculated. The procedure was repeated once more using the same steps.

Lab 8 Purpose Using sodium borohydride as the reducing agent, to convert a ketone (camphor) to a mixture of secondary alcohols (isoborneol or borneol). The product mixture will be characterized by melting point and functional group tests (TLC and IR spectrum). Pre Lab 1. Structure of Camphor NaBH4 used as reducing agent to produce isborneol from camphor Structure of isoborneol Isoborneol with wedged and dashed lines 2. Isoborneol can be produced by reduction of camphor by using the NaBH4 in Methanol.

The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize isopentyl acetate via an esterification reaction between acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol, using concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The product was washed with sodium hydrogen carbonate, as well as with water, then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The product was then distilled using a Hickman still and characterized using infrared spectroscopy. The percent yield of isopentyl acetate was 61.52%. This may have been low due to not all of the condensed product being removed from the Hickman still, some product being lost during transfer of the product from the reaction tube into the Hickman still, or the loss of some product due to evaporation during distillation.

If you have a wooden fence around your property, chances are you will deal with a termite infestation at one point or another. While liquid termiticide treatments do the trick, these products contain harmful chemicals that are unhealthy to breathe in and that are bad for the environment. Instead, try these two all natural ways to get rid of the termites that are eating away at your fence:

The products of interest within this experiment are 2-methyl-1-butene and 2-methyl-2-butene from sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid catalyzed dehydration of 2-methyl-2-butanol. The reaction mixture was then separated into its separate alkene components by steam distillation and then analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), Infrared Radiation (IR) spectroscopy, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging. Gas chromatography is an analytical technique that is able to characterize if specific compounds exist in a reaction mixture, even if they are in low quantities, assess how much of a compound exists within a reaction mixture relative to other components within the sample, and determine the purity of an isolated product. In the case of this experiment, gas chromatography is used to analyze how pure the alkene reaction sample was and if any remnants of impurities or 2-methyl-2-butanol remained in the sample after isolation of alkene components.

At room temperature (25°C), esterification reactions are relatively slow, therefore requiring the rate of the chemical reaction to be increased for the products to be formed efficiently. This is implemented, by using a catalyst, such as concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4 (aq)), as well as by heating the mixture: using a heating mantle. As a result, the energy of the reactants can be greater than the activation energy, increasing the rate of reaction. Hence, as the reactants are relatively volatile, so reflux apparatus such as a pear-shaped flask and a Liebig condenser were used, to minimise the amount of reactants lost, as well as allow the reaction to take place at the highest temperature possible. In addition, boiling chips were added prior to reflux, to prevent bumping and a decrease a loss of volatile reactants, during the reflux

Purpose: The purpose of the experiment was to perform the acid-catalyzed Fischer Esterification of acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol to form isopentyl acetate, or banana oil, which is used in flavor industries. The equilibrium of the reaction was changed by adding an excess amount of acetic acid. The reaction was refluxed and product was purified by extraction and distillation. Isopentyl acetate was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and 1H NMR spectroscopy.

An ester was synthesized during an organic reaction and identified by IR spectroscopy and boiling point. Acetic acid was added to 4-methyl-2-pentanol, which was catalyzed by sulfuric acid. This produced the desired ester and water. After the ester was isolated a percent yield of 55.1% was calculated from the 0.872 g of ester recovered. This quantitative error was most likely due to product getting stuck in the apparatus. The boiling point of the ester was 143° C, only one degree off from the theoretical boiling point of the ester 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 144 ° C. The values of the

The objective of this lab was to synthesize an unknown ester using Fischer etherification, which involved using a carboxylic acid and an unknown alcohol as the reactants, and sulfuric acid as a catalyst. First, a reaction mixture was created using the reactants. Then the reaction product was isolated by removing the aqueous layer. After isolation, the crude ester product was purified using distillation. The final product was a clear liquid with a banana like odor. It was established that the banana like odor was coming from banana oil that is either pure isoamyl acetate or amyl (pentyl acetate). To identify the unknown ester IR, 13C NMR, and 1H NMR was obtained. IR spectroscopy, which showed prominent, peaks at 1737.54 cm-1, 1366.50 cm-1, 1228.27

In this experiment, a Fischer Esterification reaction was performed with two unknown compounds. The unknown compounds, Acid 2 and Alcohol D, were identified by using the knowledge of the reaction that took place, and the identity of the product that was synthesized. The identification of the product resulted from analysis of IR and NMR spectra.

In an esterification reaction, a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol. The synthesis of aspirin is an esterification reaction. Initially, the proton, i.e. the hydrogen ion, from the acid attacks the acetic anhydride and attaches itself on a double bond oxygen. This makes the compound more electrophilic, meaning that it has a higher affinity for electrons. This is what sets off the reaction. The salicylic acid then acts as an alcohol and attaches its OH group onto a carbon on the acetic anhydride. Then, the hydrogen from the OH group (the alcohol group) of the salicylic acid falls off, forming a tetrahedral intermediate, and the hydrogen ion reassociates with the conjugate base of the acid used as the catalyst. Next, the hydrogen that came from the acid initially, transfers its electrons and forms a double between the adjacent oxygen and carbon. However, the hydrogen atom does not fall off after the transfer of electrons but is kept there with a positive charge. With this, another transfer of electrons occurs and an acetyl group is generated from the breaking of the acetic anhydride. Now, the acetyl group breaks off the positive hydrogen attached and acetic acid is generated as a result. With this, the ester, the aspirin, is created (Watson

The purpose of this lab was to synthesize the ester isopentyl acetate via an acid catalyzed esterification (Fischer Esterification) of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol. Emil Fischer and Arthur Speier were the pioneers of this reaction referred to as Fischer Esterification. The reaction is characterized by the combining of an alcohol and an acid (with an acid catalyst) to yield and ester plus water. In order to accomplish the reaction, the reactants were