Banking Industry Meltdown: The Ethical Financial Risk Derivatives

In 2008, the world experienced a tremendous financial crisis which rooted from the U.S housing market; moreover, it is considered by many economists as one of the worst recession since the Great Depression in 1930s. After posing a huge effect on the U.S economy, the financial crisis expanded to Europe and the rest of the world. It brought governments down, ruined economies, crumble financial corporations and impoverish individual lives. For example, the financial crisis has resulted in the collapse of massive financial institutions such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Lehman Brother and AIG. These collapses not only influence own countries but also international area. Hence, the intervention of governments by changing and

Little regulation in the banking industry allowed for risky investments and banks to grow out of proportion ultimately causing the Great Recession. The Great Recession of 2008 had many parallels with the Great Depression of 1929 and when compared it can be concluded that history repeats itself when the necessary precautions are not put into place. The Great Depression and the Great Recession each followed periods of exceptional business investment, productivity growth and economic gain. Interestingly preceding both these events too much leveraging was taking place leading to both of the collapses. Although leverage can be a good financial strategy, in the cases of the Great

The collapse of Lehman Brothers, a sprawling global bank, in September 2008 almost brought down the world’s financial system. Considered by many economists to have been the worst financial crisis since the Great depression of the 1930s. Economist Peter Morici coined the term the “The Great Recession” to describe the period. While the causes are still being debated, many ramifications are clear and include the failure of major corporations, large declines in asset values (some estimates put the drop in the trillions of dollars range), substantial government intervention across the globe, and a significant decline in economic activity. Both regulatory and market based solutions have been proposed or executed to attempt to combat the causes and effects of the crisis.

The banking crisis of the late 2000s, often called the Great Recession, is labelled by many economists as the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. Its effect on the markets around the world can still be felt. Many countries suffered a drop in GDP, small or even negative growth, bankrupting businesses and rise in unemployment. The welfare cost that society had to paid lead to an obvious question: ‘Who’s to blame?’ The fingers are pointed to the United States of America, as it is obvious that this is where the crisis began, but who exactly is responsible? Many people believe that the banks are the only ones that are guilty, but this is just not true. The crisis was really a systematic failure, in which many problems in the

The bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers and subsequent financial market crash ushered in a time where many financial service companies were bailed out because they were deemed “too big to fail”. This term describes the large, intertwined relationship that many of the top banking and finance institutions have on our economy, and the devastating consequences that would transpire if these institutions were allowed to fail and cease to exist. While controversial, bailing out banks and other financial institutions was absolutely necessary to maintain the economic integrity of our nation. Raising objections to the ethical nature of a business being “too big to fail” does not address the deep underlying issues that led to this sort of thing being a possible whatsoever. With this being said, the aspects

National Public Radio (NPR) in the US has suggested there is “moral rot” on Wall Street. In all, an acute level of pressure has befallen the global banking industry, shining a bright spotlight on the role of ethics, integrity and character in organizations.

The scandal that broke up in wells Fargo last year involving the fake accounts with the customer money was found to be a corporate scandal. The case has been determined to issue important lessons in the way a company should avoid forming a culture that is vulnerable to corruption. The unethical behavior characterizing the Wells Fargo scandal had spread at the bank and many employees were engaged in the secret creation of the new bank credits and the credit-card accounts for the clients without their knowledge that later resulted in an overdraft and other fees. Most of the headline creating the unethical behavior was aimed at promoting financial gains for the firm and individuals. However, the case for Wells Fargo appeared to be more related

In financial institutions, ethical issues have been described as the bedrock of the reported financial scandals and funds mismanagement we have today and a special case is the 2010 recession also known as the Great recession. The great recession started in December 2007 and lasted till June 2009. It was characterized by massive job loss, increased poverty level, low investment rate, unemployment and so on (Lawrence et al., 2012). According to Argandona (2012), ethical issues that causes financial crisis occurs in two dimensions; personal ethics and organizational ethics.

On the 26th of November 2001, the National Bureau of Economic Research, declared that after ten years of economic expansion, the United States was in a recession as of March 2001 (Coplan 9). During the last quarter of 2001, the United States experienced a terrible tragedy; the 9/11 terrorist attack. However, economists believe that even if the terrorist attack had not taken place, the recession would have still been present, but it did in fact delay recovery. The recession of 2001 was by far different than all the other recessions. It was in fact, better than other recessions because the 2001 only lasted a quarter. Real GDP barley changed and the unemployment rates slightly rose (Nordhaus 2). It was found that banks have improved their performance during the recession, they were prepared for the worst this time around. During the 1990s, risk management became an important factor for banking discipline. Using risk managements, it gives the economy a potential to increase the stability. Thereby, banks benefited from an environment that rapidly declined short term interest rates, which enabled them to borrow at a lower cost (Schuermann 2). These risk managements played an important factor during the recession while impacting the United States economy in a positive manner.

The 2008 Financial Crisis is considered by many people as one of the worst recession since the Great Depression that occurred from 1929-1939. The loss for that week was an astounding $30 billion. This was ten times more than the annual federal budget and far more than the U.S. had spent in WWI (30B dollars would be equivalent to $377,587,032,770.41 today). Additionally after posing a huge effect on the U.S economy, the financial crisis expanded to Europe and the rest of the world. It brought down governments, wiped out retirement accounts, ruined economies and left a bad taste of Wall Street in the mouths of generations. These collapses caused a global scale of reform resulting in the intervention of governments by changing and expanding the monetary and fiscal policy or giving bailout that were needed in order to eliminate and control enormous effects of the financial crisis.

Economists and scholars spend years dissecting financial markets and evaluating the causes of booms and busts. Throughout United States history there have been multiple economic booms that were underestimated and followed by recessions. In the situation of the 2007-2008 global financial crisis many culprits have been identified as causes, such as loose monetary policy, credit booms, deregulation, over complexity, and greed. Since the economic boom was solely dependent on weak policies and misconceptions, this leads me to believe prevention was possible with adequate regulatory policy, risk assessment and clarifications for commercial banks.

The fall of the global bank Lehman Brothers between 2007 and 2008 almost knocked out the world’s financial system. The worst recession in 80 years in which the economic world is still recovering from. Europe got caught by fiddling with the American real estate market leading to the worst recession seen since the post war great depression. The crisis stunned the world and unemployment was hit heavily with businesses failing to make profits without letting go of employee’s, particularly in the labour market. With Europe still not fully recovered almost a decade down the line it still sparks debate today on how

In this essay, we are trying to look at the factors responsible for the global financial crisis in 2008-09 which started in US and later spread across the world. By now, a lot of studies have been done on the global financial crisis of 2008. We explain briefly the role of the financial engineering which leads to combination of various financial securities, the actual risk of which is not clearly assessed and hence leading to the financial crisis. There were also some serious lapses in regulation and failure of the rating agencies in assessing the risks assumed by the financial products which accentuated the crisis.

The world’s economy has changed enormously in the past decade due to the different reasons and causes. Credit crunch in 2007 was one of the unforgettable situations which has been considerably affecting the global economy until now. Great recession started from the US and hit many countries around the world as it is the biggest financial market. Credit crunch refers to a sudden shortage of funds for lending, leading to a resulting decline in loans available (Pettingger, 2011). Credit crunch was one of the ‘cruel’ outcomes from the 2007 subprime crisis in the United States, when most of subprime borrowers defaulted and many commercial and investment banks in the United States have gone bankrupted as they failed to receive the loan from the borrowers. This led to the the credit crunch due to the limited amount of money that banks are willing to take on loan and the freeze in money market. There was less liquidity in money market and most of business owners were affected because there was fewer cash flow in business and the whole economy. However, there are various reasons that cause credit crunch for example, sudden increase in interest rates, direct money controls by the government and a drying up of funds in the capital market (Pettingger, 2011). It can be seen that 2007 credit crunch occurred due to the deficiency of funds in money market as a result from the collapse of big financial firms in the United States. In this essay, I will explain how perceived credit risk

The banking industry has always been susceptible to economic fluctuations. The subprime mortgages crisis, that started to be felt in 2007 and is still going on, is not an exception. Although it had consequences all over the world, the main effects were seen in American financial markets, followed by the European ones. The top ten banks of the world also suffered the consequences; these can be seen in the changes occurred among these leading institutions in terms of market capitalization and also total assets. After several years of believing in free markets, capitalism and no government intervention, the whole scene has changed. During this period, the governments, acting together with their respective central banks, assumed