Banking Systems:Case study of Japan

This academic journal by Martha Chaiklin, analyzes the efforts taken by various countries that eventually lead to the ending of Japanese isolationism. She first invalidates the notion that Commodore Perry with his gunboats were solely responsible for the opening of Japan. In contrast, the Dutch and liberal policies were greatly attributed if not solely responsible for the opening of Japan. Even the American led event that is attributed to the opening of Japan was in fact not a unique policy “ The United States was not the first to attempt to open Japan since all Westerners except the Dutch had been expelled in 1639. Both the British and the Russians had made several attempts in the preceding two centuries that had all ended in failure” (Chaiklin

Japan at the turn of the century was clearly trying to westernize and change is isolated society into one more intellectually and scientifically involved with the rest of the world. When the Japanese open their ports to the western civilization food and merchandise were not the only things being traded. When ports were open the western way of living was integrated with the Japanese culture which gradually changed the way the

By the nineteenth century Western nations had developed superior military technology than other countries. Western countries were able to control other nations by coercing them into unfair trading treaties which would leave the country economically dependent on them. The countries rarely resisted successfully due to their insufficient military power.

This necessitated the need for development of regulatory measures for the industry. Bank regulation is a legal structure by which all financial

However, by Japan taking this course it isolated them leaving them with no alternatives for natural resources and funds from other countries than to turn to the bigger players in the global scheme, such as America and Germany. This ultimately led to disruptions in relationships between America and other allied countries due to Japans exit of the League of Nations. The consequence of Japans aggressive expansion into China forced America’s hand to cut off trade embargo of the resources essential to Japan such as oil, steel, rubber which the military relied on. This inevitably sparked the Japanese determination to stand their ground against foreign forces, which they have historical had a reputation for being a fearsome and determined country. This is clearly evident in the Pearl harbour attack demonstrating that they were a forced to be reckoned with. The surprise attack on the Pacific fleet at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 outraged the whole U.S. nation convincing America that the Japanese army and navy must be stopped.

The events leading up to the Japanese’s entry in WWII occurred prior the start of the twentieth century. For over two hundred years Japan had been an isolationist country, the only contact with the Western world they had was through the Dutch in Nagasaki.

If you were to look at any events in history, you will be able to dissect differently through many different schools of thought. You can be empiricist in nature where you want to know exactly how something in the past exactly or one of the plethora of others. The topic

Japanese Imperialism first began in 1868 after the appointment of the 16-year old boy Emperor, Meiji and the beginning of Japan’s famous period of modernisation, the Meiji Restoration. This period saw the first half of the reign of the Empire of Japan, and significant changes to the structure, politics, economy, foreign relations and military of the country. Additionally, The Meiji Period witnessed the end of Japanese feudalism and the beginning of their modernisation. After the period concluded, the Japanese Empire remained prominent and did so till 1947.

The Japanese felt that the Americans were too involved in Pacific Affairs, they had to consolidate their territorial gains through secret agreements signed will all powers but the United States. However the Japanese did try to come to a similar agreement with the Americans, but failed. This failure was a result of the Open Door Policy. American businessman insisted on keeping trade options open with China. Ironically the Japanese were China’s bankers. (Hoyt 46)

For the later part of the nineteenth century most of the world was ruled over by an imperial power. Imperialism is defined by _______ as “the militarist and expansionist tendencies characterizing the advanced industrialized countries at the end of the nineteen century” (cite). Countries that fell under this definition included

Even though Japan was forced to open their borders by the American forces this was a benefit to the Japanese society, government, military and economy. Imperialism means lengthening the rule of an empire over foreign countries or getting and holding societies. (Random House, 2017). After the forced opening of Japan’s

Bank Regulation Before the advent of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) in 1933 and the general conception of government safety nets, the United States banking industry was quite different than it is today. Depositors assumed substantial default risk and even the slightest changes in consumer confidence could result in complete turmoil within the banking world. In addition, bank managers had almost complete discretion over operations. However, today the financial system is among the most heavily government- regulated sectors of the U.S. economy. This drastic change in public policy resulted directly from the industry’s numerous pre-regulatory failures and major disruptions that produced severe economic and social

Failure in reforming and adopting proper government policies have caused the world economy to face severe financial crises over a long period of time. The problems started to arise in the more recent period and they were not repaired by the regulatory responses. In retrospect, some of these regulatory failures then were responsible for the crisis today, likewise the poor regulatory practices today might be responsible for the crises

The investment banks, and subsequent stock brokerage firms, was regulated by the Security and Exchange Commission. The banking entities, in this portion of the financial sector, were used to dealing in high risk business that were structured on the business’ equity and debt capital, instead of the commercial banks’ deposits of customers. The activities in this sector of the financial system were underwriting stocks and bonds, insurance markets, the investments in subprime debt markets and mortgages.

• Compliance: Evaluating adequacy of compliance risk management and assessing banks’ effectiveness in identifying and responding to risks posed by new products, services, or terms. Examiners will also assess compliance with the following: – new requirements for integrated mortgage disclosure under the Truth in Lending Act of 1968 and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974. – relevant consumer laws, regulations, and guidance for banks under $10 billion in assets. – Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 and the Service members Civil Relief Act of 2003.