Barium Swallow Case Study

Increase fiber and water to help with the constipation. Monitor patients ability to swallow and eat. Provide high protein and high caloric foods or supplements to help maintain weight. Use exercise programs such as tia chi

Effects from the surgery itself, such as bleeding, infection, and risks of anesthesia. These risks are rare.

All medicines your child is taking, including vitamins, herbs, eye drops, creams, and over-the-counter medicines.

This sheet gives you information about how to care for yourself after your procedure. Your health care provider may also give you more specific instructions. If you have problems or questions, contact your health care provider.

Short Term Goal: Client will identify measures that prevent or treat constipation by end of shift. Client will state relief from discomfort of constipation by 31 October 2015. Client will maintain passage of soft, formed stool every 1 to 3 days without straining by 31 October 2015 (Ackley & Ladwig, 2014).

• Do not drink alcohol before your procedure or as directed by your health care provider.

Delayed emptying of the stomach, which may make it difficult to eat or to keep food down temporarily

The nurse should ensure that the patient remains well hydrated prior to the procedure. The nurse also instructs the patient to void immediately before the exam. In addition, the nurse marks the locations of the appropriate peripheral pulses with a felt-tip pen. Also, prior to the procedure the nurse should further prepare the patient by instructing him to remain immobile during the examination in addition to explaining to the patient possible sensations that could be felt during the procedure, which include a brief feeling of warmth in the face, behind the eyes, jaw, teeth, tongue, lips, and a metallic taste once the contrast agent is injected.

The video that was observed was a three-year child that was given a modified barium swallow. The child is diagnosed with a microdeletion of the twenty-second chromosome. He also suffers from multiple heart defects, scoliosis, immune deficiencies, and developmental delays. The child's oral preparatory, oral transport, pharyngeal, and esophageal stages of swallowing were observed during the modified barium swallow.

- Esophagitis: Inflammation/swelling of the esophagus.Reflux: Acid from the stomach is pushed back up into the esophagus.Achalasia: When the valve where the esophagus opens into the stomach does not relax and let food pass into the stomach.Obstruction from rings and webs: Rings and webs are fibrous bands. They are benign (non-cancerous). They make the esophagus narrow and can cause food to get stuck.Dysphagia

• Include a lot of fiber in your diet. Foods with a lot of fiber include fruits, vegetables, and oatmeal.

When a patient is no longer or unable to feed themselves orally a feeding tube must be ordered. Specifically, when a patient has prolonged bleeding, facial trauma, upper GI blockage and cancer. An enteral tube feeding can be placed nasally for a short period of time. The NG tube catheter tip normally resides inside the stomach or in the small intestine past the pylorus. The number one complication involved with the use of NG tube feeding is incorrect placement. A nurse can unintentionally place an NG catheter into the lungs, most notably when a patient has little to no gag reflex. Completing a test for gastric contents, pH or performing a chest x-ray after inserting an NG tube for confirmation of proper insertion. Another major complication when using NG tubal feeding is aspiration within the lungs due to gastric substances enter the trachea and into the bronchial spaces of the lungs. Keeping the head of the bed elevated greater than 30 degrees will reduce aspiration to least possibility. Applying a gastrostomy or jejunostomy tube for enteral feedings when NG tube has interference with therapy or ensues intolerance. The gastrostomy tube, PEG, tip situated in the stomach and exits the body through the left upper quadrant of the abdomen where a bumper holds it into location. Internally positioned by a doctor during an endoscopy, radiology or surgery. A jejunostomy tube is set while in surgery, radiology or endoscopic. If done endoscopic, the PEJ tube goes

A barium enema is an X-ray test. It is used to check for problems in the colon or in the last part of the small bowel. The colon is also called the large intestine. For this test, a liquid called barium will be put into your colon. The liquid shows up well on X-rays. This makes it easier to see problems. The test can help find the cause of symptoms such as belly pain or blood in your poop (stools).

Ideally, before this procedure the patient would have been advised to fast in the period prior the scan, particularly if a contrast material was being used to avoid any adverse reactions. However as this was an emergency situation, previous fasting may not have been possible giving the circumstances. Contrast materials may be administered orally or via intravenously (IV) to provide a contrast throughout the scan. Having removed any metal jewelry the patient would be asked to lie flat on their back on the scanning table, which would then move through the scanner quickly to determine the best position to perform the scan. Once positioned correctly on the table the patient would be advised to stay still and try to hold their breath as the table moved through the scanner allowing the CT scan to be

There are two different types of hiatal hernias, sliding and paraesophageal. In a sliding hiatal hernia the stomach and a portion of the esophagus slide up into the chest through the hiatus. This type of hernia is more common amongst the two. The paraesophageal hernia is less common but can be considered more severe. In this case the two organs stay where they are but a portion of the stomach squeezes through the hiatus. You can suffer from this type of hernia and experience no symptoms but it can cause the stomach to become strangled and its blood supply completely shut off. Most people that experience a hiatal hernia do not have any symptoms. The people that do experience symptoms can have heart burn, GERD, or indigestion. Fortunately most of these symptoms can be controlled with a well-balanced diet and lifestyle changes. Most of the time there is no known cause as to why people develop hiatal hernias. Sometimes they can be caused by pregnancy, straining during a bowel movement, coughing, or having increased pressure on the abdomen. Hiatal hernias seem to be more common in woman than they are in men, people who are considered to be overweight and people over the age of fifty. A hiatal hernia can be diagnosed via an x-ray with endoscopy which allows the doctor to see into the esophagus. Often times a hiatal hernia can heal on its own but sometimes surgery is required. If you