Barrett Essophagus Case Study

Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), commonly known as Acid Reflux, is a disease that is now affecting a lot of teenagers over the world. GERD is a heartburn caused by a leaky valve at the base of your esophagus that allows stomach acid to regurgitate (Livestrong). GERD is also caused by a bacteria found in your stomach known as Helicobacter Pylori. H. Pylori attacks the lining of your stomach and later when it has done enough damage, acidic fluid is able to get through the lining and into your esophagus, causing a heartburn (WebMD). Most people do acquire h. pylori during their childhood but most only develop its symptoms later on in life and some are never affected by the bacteria, never developing any symptoms.

form when the damaged tissue of the esophagus forms excessive scar tissue. The tightening of scar tissue is so great that it prevents

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Firstly, in hopes of understanding what esophageal cancer is, one must first understand what the esophagus is. The esophagus is a muscular tube connecting your throat to your stomach. It’s primary purpose it to transport food to the stomach and is usually between 10 – 13 inches long. Furthermore, the esophagus is lined with smooth muscle tissue, which causes contracts without conscious thought, moving the food along to the

- Esophagitis: Inflammation/swelling of the esophagus.Reflux: Acid from the stomach is pushed back up into the esophagus.Achalasia: When the valve where the esophagus opens into the stomach does not relax and let food pass into the stomach.Obstruction from rings and webs: Rings and webs are fibrous bands. They are benign (non-cancerous). They make the esophagus narrow and can cause food to get stuck.Dysphagia

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(1) “problems in delivery of the bolus of food or fluid into the esophagus as a result of neuromuscular incoordination”; (2) “problems in transport of the bolus down the body of the esophagus as a result of altered esophageal peristaltic activity”; (3) “problems in bolus entry into the stomach as a result of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) dysfunction or obstructing lesions” (p. 721).

Obesity, tobacco use, and the consumption of alcohol, spicy foods, coffee, caffeine, fatty foods, and chocolate have been implicated in causing GERD (Katz, Gerson, & Vela, 2013). Obesity increases abdominal pressure which forces gastric acid into the esophagus. The pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter is decreased with tobacco and chocolate allowing gastric acid access to the esophagus (Katz et al., 2013). Tobacco, alcohol, chocolate, and fatty foods slow peristalsis in the esophagus and prolong esophageal exposure to gastric acid (Katz et al., 2013). “Cigarette smoking stimulates acid production” (Dudley-Brown & Huether, 2012, p. 904). Consumption of alcohol and cocaine use inhibit the production of the protective mucus layer in the stomach which can cause gastritis and peptic ulcer

What is Barrett’s esophagus? It is a metaplasia of the glandular changes in the lower distal esophagus. This diagnosis is related to a high incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Therefore for surveillance and screening a 4 quadrant biopsy is obtained. Furthermore, this relates in the ability to focus subsequent biopsies on

GERD is a condition caused by stomach acid or stomach content coming up from the stomach into the esophagus. This backwash causes irritation in the esophagus, as the stomach acid damages the esophageal lining. Most cases of GERD occur in infants and adults. For infants, the most common cause of GERD is due to pyloric stenosis, a condition that affects the gastrointestinal tract as it narrows the pylorus. This causes food to flow backward as it cannot make its way to the stomach, thus causing the baby to vomit. In adults, the most common cause of

Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder among populations, it develops when the gastric content pass to the esophagus which prompt disability of personal satisfaction. This disorder is increased with the prevalence of obesity. Several factors may predispose to reflux including smoking, alcohol, coffee, drugs and large night meals. Obesity is known to be an independent risk factor for GERD through Decrease tone of lower esophageal sphincter. Abdominal adipose tissue not only mechanically disrupts the integrity of the gastro-esophageal junction barrier which leads to increased esophageal reflux but also has a metabolically mediated effect through secretion of adipocytokines. Visceral fat was known to be an endocrine organ

The predominant factor for diagnosing a patient with Barrett’s esophagus is to identify risk factors associated with developing esophageal carcinoma. Biopsies are taken from areas containing specialized columnar epithelium with goblet cells. Careful correlation of endoscopic findings and histological appearance must take place because “twenty percent of adults who undergo upper endoscopy have goblet cells in biopsies of the gastric cardia” (Yeo & Zuidema, 2002). It is essential before any treatment is considered, that appropriate staging is made for accurate therapy and improved long-term outcomes. The most commonly performed procedures for Barrett’s esophagus are endoscopic surveillance, mucosal resection, endoscopic ablative therapies, and

Esophageal cancer is a malignant tumor that develops in the esophagus. Although it is not clear as of what causes esophageal cancer. The major cause is DNA mutation of the cells in the esophagus that makes them grow rapidly and divide without inhibition. If not detected in the early stages these cells spread to the adjacent tissues and eventually spread throughout the body.

Heartburn happens in your body's digestive system. In particular, in the esophagus. Heart burn includes gentle to serious torment in the chest. It's occasionally considered to be a heart attack. The heart really has nothing to do with this pain.