Based on the Plant Biology Journal entitled “Gene discovery in the wood-forming tissues of poplar:

The vital components and techniques of gene cloning are as follows, the DNA sequence that contains the desired gene (EZH2) is amplified by Polymerase chain reaction. PCR was established by Kary Mullis in 1985, popularly known to amplify target sequences of DNA (EZH2) to a billion fold in several hours using thermophilic polymerases (Taq) ,primers and other cofactors (Sambrook and Russell, 2001). Three crucial steps are involved which are Denaturation (at 95°), Annealing of the forward and reverse primers (55-65°) and lastly primer extension (at 72°). After amplification the desired sequence is integrated into the circular vector (pbluescript) forming the recombinant molecule. For the compatibility of the insert and vector, both were digested with (EcoR1) so the same cohesive ends are generated in both, making it easier to ligate. EcoR1 is a restriction enzyme that belongs to the type II endonuclease class which cuts within dsDNA at its recognition site “GAATTC” (Clark 2010; Sambrook and Russell, 2001).

• Use these data to construct a map of these three genes in two steps.

Flow Diagram Homework Assignment Name: Preetam Ganti Using the table below, explain the purpose of each of the steps of the Experimental Flow Diagram (Figure 1 from your lab manual – it is provided on the next page) for answering the two research questions guiding this laboratory investigation: 1. Is the bacterial contamination at these three farms due to the same plasmid or different plasmids? 2. What is the frequency of tetracycline resistant bacteria in the beef farm cultures?

The experiments purpose was to understand and observe the gene expressions in the genes pCNT103, cig1 and GapC in the shoot, root and callus tissues of the tobacco plant, Nicotiana tabacum. Using various genetic laboratory research techniques completed the experiment. The experiment consisted of four parts. The sterile tissue culture technique was used to differentiate the tobacco callus tissue in

A highly conserved gene will be used to identify a prokaryotic species isolated from the body. Fundamental lab techniques will be also explored and utilized, such as amplifying using PCR, cloning, and transforming the gene into a host cell. DNA electrophoresis and specific substrate plating will serve as analysis check points. The final product will be sequenced and compared to similar species to observe phylogenetic relationships.

The Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) was the final portion of this lab report. BLAST is provided courtesy of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). After running the five chosen tests, students were given the two 16S rRNA sequences that were associated with their assigned culture. The BLAST results served to confirm or disprove the hypothesis of what the unknown may be. The BLAST program compared the given 16S rRNA sequence to a database of known sequences and searched for similarity. (10) This search tool is capable of comparing nucleotide or protein sequences to find statistical significance between the matches. A perfect match to the unknown sequence is indicated by a

The objective of the project is to be able to determine which alleles are carried at the TAS2R38 locus and verify if the genotype reflects the expected phenotype.

While humans are obviously different from many other mammals, such as dogs or mice, about 5% of the human genome consists of conserved sequences shared by all mammals. Interestingly, over two thirds of these sequences do not code for protein, but this does not necessarily mean that they are non-functional. One likely possibility is that these non-coding regions conserved throughout the mammalian genome function in genetic regulation. However, before determining the function of these regions within the genome, they must first be identified. After determining the conserved sequences, they can then be classified according to function. One particularly informative way to decipher the function of a non-coding DNA sequence is to determine

Abstract: If a tree with the gene breeds with another tree without the gene then the gene will move into the population and the frequency of the gene will increase in the population. Researchers are finding ways to reduce the amount of energy and chemicals by genetically modifying poplar trees which reduces the amount of lignin allowing the tree to be broken down much easier. “By inserting a piece of code isolated from a Chinese herb into the DNA of a poplar tree, scientists at the University of British Columbia, Michigan State and University of Wisconsin-Madison have produced a tree designed for easy deconstruction”(Randy Shore, 2014) . The code that is implanted into the tree alters the chemical bonds that are able to hold together the lignin. Lignin is an organic polymer glue which makes trees rigid and tough and protects the rich cellulose within cells. If the lignin levels are lower it is much easier to harvest fibres and cellulose from the trees. “The genetically engineered poplars are every bit as strong as normal poplars while

On one hand, target gene of interest are responsible for economically important characteristics and mega adaptation. Such characteristics include pest and disease resistance, male sterility, self-incompatibility, and others related to shape, color, and architecture of whole plants and are often of mono- or oligogenic in nature. Often the target gene can be detected phenotypically, and markers are used to select for the

Six GhTRX genes were selected randomly to analyze their function in specific tissue, leaf development stages, phytohormones and abiotic stress. In specific tissue, all genes were highly expressed in various tissues suggesting that these genes may have crucial functions in cotton growth and development. These results agree with previous study in

To test whether our subset selection procedure is necessary, we repeated the LOOCV procedure described above based on 9515 transcriptomic profiles and by omitting the selection of similar transcriptomic profiles, and variable selection. The proposed stepwise screening for selection of transcriptomic profiles similar to the query profile considerably improved the prediction of morphological features

Keywords: Gene Identification, Splicing Site, Principal Component Analysis (PCA); Cased Based Reasoning (CBR); Support Vector Machine(SVM)

The advantages of DNA based markers are that they are selectively neutral, abundant and have a wide coverage in the genome of all species. DNA based markers have been widely used in genetic studies of various crop plants that include cat’s whiskers (Kafesu, 2012) and tobacco (Mwadzingeni et al., 2013). Several DNA-based techniques can be used for characterization and these include simple sequence repeats (SSR), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Villa et al., 2005). These techniques are all fairly effective. Their choice depends on the stage of research into

aPlant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed University), Dayalbagh, Agra-282005, India, Tel: 0562-2801545, Fax: 0562-2801226