Basic Functioning Principle of a Satellite Communication System

Communication is the sending and receiving messages and information between two or more people. The person receiving the information is called the receiver and the person sending the message is referred to as the sender. The information conveyed can include instructions, ideas, facts, concepts, beliefs, opinions and even emotions. Effective communication occurs if the receiver understands the exact information or idea that the sender intended to transmit.

With the increased competition between the two world superpowers the United States saw their means of communication change, the ability to track weather patterns. Sputnik may have been the first satellite in space but the United States decided to create satellites as means of communication across the country. The initial satellite made by the United States,Echo 1 was created for communications across the United States. This satellite was a metal ball bouncing signals off it. It aimed to send messages to different parts of the country and the test relayed from Holmdel, New Jersey to Goldstone,California. Improvements in Communication was a big step because it now allowed a more efficient way to contact individuals long distance. These improvements in communication could also help the military forces for battlefield communications.Congress passed the Communications Satellite Act of 1962 to create a unique company, Comsat, which in turn helped set up and manage the first international system, Intelsat. By the end of the decade over sixty countries belonged to Intelsat, with twenty-eight members operating fifty ground stations. The system achieved worldwide coverage in 1969, when geosynchronous satellites successfully served the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Ocean basins. By having this system of communication it made tasks and other important objectives such as military communication easier since there was now an almost direct line

Introduction: The acceleration toward the center that keeps objects in uniform circular motion (circular motion at a constant speed) is called centripetal acceleration. An understanding of centripetal acceleration was one of the key elements that led to Newton’s formulation of the law of universal gravitation.

Networks are the essential Components of communication system. The systems are used to transmit and receive signals. Telecommunication is the interaction between two people or two points. By using PSTN, PABX, LAN and PSTN to send and receive the messages, it does not require any geographical locations (Dias, 2007). Once there is an understanding of the advantages can be identified the advanced communication system using the types of networks

The Law of ellipses, which means that each planet travels around the sun in an ellipses.

This example focuses on the use of satellite networking, to broadcast the signal from the satellite, to the ground station. This type of technology involves the use of Zigbee at small distances, and WiMax for greater distances.

During the Space Race, the first orbital satellites were sent to outer space. Today, Americans can communicate, predict the weather, and study geodetics because of the satellites that first orbited in space.All satellites and space probes carry specialized radios receiving and transmitting equipment for guidance and control purposes as well as relaying data from space to Earth. Without the first satellite transmission of a human voice in 1958, communication would not be as efficient (Rabinowitch, 1963).

All goals must be measurable to then measure the progress towards the successful outcome, to measure progress is to monitor and access success and achievement.

The selection of satellites bands with wider frequencies allows a variety of information to travel and decreases the limitation of usage by the users. The Ka-Band (26-40GHz) the communication satellites provides high resolution, close ranges targeting radar on military crafts(TIA,2013). The current suggestion of band would be the Ka-Band (26-40GHz) the communication satellites allows high resolution, close ranges that support strong military functions(TIA,2013). advancements to the developing concept, identify leverage over the other choices, utilizing Ka-bands do propose substantiated risks however, it is still operable (Lewis, 2014). Users offering themselves a band with wider frequency means information can transfer swiftly whereas, a smaller frequency could offer more accuracy but limits the user capability. All forums offer positive attribute and consequential attributes but overall the assessment has to be made by the operation leader. As technology develops engineers are developing ideal that are properly modified to support the needs of the community and excel in

NASA has sponsored space expeditions, both human and mechanical, that have yielded vital information about the solar system and universe. It has also launched numerous earth-orbiting satellites that have been instrumental in everything from weather forecasting to navigation to global communications.There are essentially three types of Earth orbits: high Earth orbit, medium Earth orbit, and low Earth orbit. Many weather and some communications satellites tend to have a high Earth orbit, which means that its farthest away from the surface of earth. Satellites that orbit in a medium Earth orbit include navigation and specialty satellites, designed to monitor a particular region. Most scientific satellites, including NASA’s Earth Observing System fleet, have a low Earth orbit. The distance between the satellite and Earth’s surface, determines how quickly the satellite moves around the Earth. An Earth-orbiting satellite’s motion is mostly controlled by Earth’s gravity. As satellites get closer to Earth, the pull of gravity gets stronger, and the satellite moves more

Congratulations on the purchase of your new American Motors vehicle equipped with Star Bright Satellite Radio. We know you will enjoy it for many years.

On October 7, 1957, the Space Age had officially began. The USSR sent a satellite, ‘Sputnik’, into orbit around Earth(History.com-soviet union launches sputnik). The journey lasted less than 100 minutes, but it was a landmark occasion nonetheless and the Soviet Union had sent a message to the capitalist world. On the satellite ‘Sputnik’ was a radio transmitter which allowed Soviet scientists to track it as it orbited the Earth. This signal

52.  According to Kepler's first law, the planets each move in an elliptical orbit with the sun

The object’s spin and orbit would also affects the way that planet is shaped. The faster the object spins the more the equator would bulge. The spin of the object is called the

Johannes Kepler was a German astronomer and mathematician who lived between 1671-1630. Kepler was a Copernican and initially believed that planets should follow perfectly circular orbits (“Johan Kepler” 1). During this time period, Ptolemy’s geocentric theory of the solar system was accepted. Ptolemy’s theory stated that Earth is at the center of the universe and stationary; closest to Earth is the Moon, and beyond it, expanding towards the outside, are Mercury, Venus, and the Sun in a straight line, followed by Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and the “fixed stars”. The Ptolemaic system explained the numerous observed motions of the planets as having small spherical orbits called epicycles (“Astronomy” 2). Kepler is best known for introducing three