Scientists have used bacteria as some of the most popular medical treatments for decades and now a new bacteria is in the spotlight. It is called Bdellovibrio, which literally means “waterborne pathogenic leech”. Bdellovibrio was initially discovered by Hans Stolp in 1963.
It is gram-negative curved rods. They are small, highly motile, vibrio shaped, monoflagellated, gram negative bacteria of the class delta-proteobacteria with the ability to parasitize and kill other gram negative bacteria. It is highly motile delta-proteobacterium that prey on other Gram-negative bacteria. They are in aquative and terrestrial habitats as well as mammalian intestines. Their prey include plant, animal, and human pathogens. The bacteria grows to about 0.5um
…show more content…
While doing this, they release enzymes that break down the prey’s cell wall. The Bdellovibrio then makes a small hole in the outer membrane and penetrates itself inside the periplasm. It is reversibly attached at this point for a short “recognition” period. After the recognition period it becomes irreversibly attached via the pole opposite the flagellum. While inside, the Bdellovibrio seals the membrane hole and converts the host to a spheroblast by degrading and using the cells nutrients. The bdellovibrio then divides into multiple daughter cells and when the host cell eventually degrades completely the daughter cells are release to repeat the cycle. Once the bacteria enters the periplasm, a mixture of hydrolytic enzymes are applied that prevents excessive damage to the host and counters diffusion. This breaks down host cell molecules which it is used to elongate and form a filament. This alters the cell shape of its prey, forming a joint structure called the bdelloplast. The entire process for this life cycle take about 3 to 4 hours.
1. Bdello swims using flagella
2. Strikes its prey that prey propels a short distance
3. Attaches to gram negative prey using a hook-like extension and makes a spinning motion
4. Breaks down the lipids and peptidoglycan in the outer membrane making a small hole
5. The Bdello penetrates the hoel and immerges itself into the periplasm.
…show more content…
bacteriovorus is useful in the purification of waste water because it decreases gram-negative bacterial counts. When this bacteria was first discovered, scientists were excited to conduct biochemical and physiological research on it but the effort was substantially dropped. With the recent advent of molecular genetics and sequencing, scientists have picked Bdellovibrio back up. The structure is made of 40% predatosome meaning that it is very condensed and non-permissive nature towards other hosts genetic elements indicates that it has a high level of specialization and is consistent with its obligate parasitic lifestyle.
Because of the Bdellovibrios ability to lyse bacterial cells while growing in non-competitive inter-periplasmic niche has made them potential candidates as live biocontrol, and maybe someday even therapeutic agents. It does not have the type III secretion system that is heavily associated with pathogenic infection of eukaryotic organisms. There also have been no reports of Bdellovibrio bacteria invading mammalian cells. There are all positive signs that Bdellovibrio can be used as a possible therapeutic agent in the
The purpose of this study was to determine what an unknown bacteria was using several different microbiology lab techniques including an API test, an oxidase test, a gram stain, a hanging drop slide, and morphology identification. The unknown bacterium, which was contaminated with Serratia marcescens, was isolated by streaking the bacteria solution to single colonies. The isolated unknown white bacteria, had the appearance of circular form, convex elevation, entire margin, elongated cocci. The tests than showed that the bacteria was gram-negative, non-motile,
My unknown organism #6 is Morganella morganii, which is a gram-negative bacillus rods commonly found in the environment and also in the intestinal tracts of humans, mammals, and reptiles as a normal flora. (3, 5) This bacterium Morganella morganii, was first discovered in the 1906 by a British bacteriologist named H. de R. Morgan. (2) Despite its wide distribution, it is an uncommon cause of community-acquired infection and is most often encountered inpostoperative and other nosocomial settings. (2, 3) Morganella morganii infections respond well to appropriate antibiotic therapy; however, its
Vibrio bacteria are Gram-negative with straight or curved rods. These bacteria are motile and have one polar flagellum that has a sheath around it. They occur in both marine and fresh water habitats. There are different factors to include when trying to grow this bacteria. In order for the different species of the Vibrio genus to grow, they need to be in salt or sea-water based medium for optimal growth and can grow in temperatures varying from 10C to 37C. Vibrio bacteria are facultative anaerobes that are non-spore formers. Their classification scheme from domain to genus or largest to smallest consists of: Bacteria, Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Vibrionales, Vibrionaceae, and Vibrio (Bay Science Foundation, Inc 2004-09).
Clostridia: rod-shaped, obligate anaerobes, some form endospores, produce potent toxins that cause a variety of diseases in humans. Important in medicine & industry (Botox & oral plaque). Examples of clostridia include C. tetani (cause tetanus), C. perfringens ( causes gangrene), C. botulinum ( causes botulism) and C. difficle (severe diarrhea). Microbes related to Clostridium include: Epulopiscium - a giant bacterium that can be seen without a microscope; Some clostridia are sulfate-reducing microbes – they produce H2S from elemental sulfur during anaerobic respiration; and Selenomonas – a Vibrio-shaped bacteria, live as part of the biofilm (plaque) on teeth of warm-blooded animals. Selenomonas is unusual because even though it has a typical gram-positive RNA sequence, it has a negative Gram reaction – stains pink.
+Log:+ Paintings by the object include: A) A furnace with an unidentified red humanoid; SCP-0753 is inside the furnace. B) A city made out of spider webs. SCP-0753 is visible in one web and a spider approaches it. C) A nuclear explosion. SCP-0753's silhouette is visible in the cloud. D) The object's cell. SCP-0753 is shut down and observed by research assistant ██████, who lacks eyes.
Looking for a bit of history while in town? Just north on Broadway is housed some of the most intricate items from Blythe’s past.
Local churches around Blythe came together under Palo Verde College Performing Arts Center’s roof, to lift up holy hands, sing to the Lord a new song and worship as a interdenominational congregation.
There are barriers to treating BV that add to the challenges providers face when treating the condition. Unfortunately, metronidazole efficacy is decreasing due to resistance.13 Certain organisms have been
Today I will being talking to you about the bacterial disease called Bacterial Vaginosis or (BV) is an infection when too much of a certain bacteria change the normal balance of bacteria in the vagina. By having BV it can also increase your chances of getting an STD.
Vibrio is a rod shaped bacteria that are also gram negative. They naturally appear in marine or estuarine environments. Also to note there are around about 12 species vibrio that have been known to cause diseases in humans which cause around about an estimated 80,000 illnesses, 500 hospitalizations and 100 deaths ever year in the US. The main reason that people get infected by vibrio is from coming into contact with seawater or through consuming raw or undercooked seafood. Vibriosis usually causes primary septicaemia (blood poisoning), diarrhoea, wound infections, or other extra intestinal infections. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a strain of vibrio that has a rod shaped is usually found in saltwater and if ingested can causes gastrointestinal
Often scientists work with bacteria that do not come in a labeled test tube— for example, bacterial samples taken from infected human tissue or from the soil—and the scientist must then identify the unknown microorganism in order to understand what behavior to expect from the organism, for example, a certain type of infection or antibiotic resistance. However, because of the relatively few forms of bacteria compared to animals and because of the lack of bacterial fossil records due to their asexually reproductive nature, the taxonomy used to classify animals cannot be applied to bacteria (Brown 275). In order to classify unknown bacteria, a variety of physiological and metabolic tests are available to narrow a sample down from the fathomless number of possibilities into a more manageable range. Once these tests have been performed, the researcher can consult Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, a systematically arranged and continually updated collection of all known bacteria based on their structure, metabolism, and other attributes.
The Unknown Bacteria 36/Bacteria # 2 on a TSA plate was examined by the naked eye and under a dissecting microscope. Bacteria # 2 was approximately 3 - 4 mm in diameter. They were circular in form with an entire margin and a flat elevation. The colonies were rough (granular), translucent, and white brownish color with black granules. The Gram stain resulted in a Gram negative rod. After the Gram stain was completed, the bacteria were streaked on an Eosin -Methylene Blue Agar plate and an Enterotube II was inoculated.
Bipolar Disorder is a mental illness that has many effects on the human body and mind. It’s found in young adults and children as well. Statistics show that the disorder affects about four million people in the United States and is becoming one of the most common disabilities in the United States today. People with bipolar disorder undergo two types of mood swings: depression and mania. Those two are then divided into subcategories: Bipolar 1 Disorder, Bipolar 2 Disorder, and Cylothymia. This paper will discuss bipolar disorder, the subtypes and the symptoms, as well as causes and treatments.
The bacterium evolved by loosing its genes converting it from a free-living microbe into a pathogen. It needs the host’s nutrients in order to survive. The bacterium latches itself onto the host epithelial cells by a 160 kDa type 1 pilli. The pilli, located on a specific organelle on the polar region of the
These are gram positive bacteria which are found in acidic condition of pH 4 to 4.5 – acidophilic.