Becoming Black : Rap And Hip Hop, Race, Gender, Identity, And Politics Of Esl Learning

From discussing his argument with a group of white people after they had attacked Samori to discussing his personal ideas of African-American education at his own high school, Coates uses personal experiences in order to make the reader empathize with him. He lacks, however, statistics, analogies, or many other forms of logos appeal in his argument. Furthermore, after his last reflection of the time when Samori was attacked, Coates expresses that he “came home shook” ( 23). While his use of modern slang may make him seem more relatable to teenagers, his intended audience consists mainly of parents who are far less likely to use slang themselves and who may see his use of it as seemingly unprofessional in comparison to his otherwise well-written letter, detracting from his ethos

The third stage of Black racial identity development refers to the immersion stage. This depicts the juncture in life when a black American’s viewpoints transform from the pre-encounter stage to a phase of enlightenment. These people have a broader awareness of the Black experience and embraces the Black culture, and its morals, virtues, and values. They take pride in the Black race and find beauty and perfection in Blackness. Dr. Cross asserts this phase to be similar to a religious conversion. Individuals within this stage usually focus on “all things Black”. They express rage and hostility towards the White race and reject its culture, while glorifying their

English is the standard language of America. In the essay “Nobody Mean More to Me than You and the Future Life of Willie Jordan” by June Jordan, Jordan demonstrates and confirms that Black English represents African Americans’ identity, and how the language should be taught. June Jordan, examines the black dialect in United States and evaluates the pros and cons that normal language can have on those who speak black english. Jordan believes if that a specific language of a race is not recognized, then the race, identity and authority as a one are ignored. June Jordan begins the essay by introducing a course she had taught “In Search of the Invisible Black Woman.” She commits most of the essay to describing her personal experience in this college course as well as a different one, “The Art of Black English.”

Each and every person on this Earth today has an identity. Over the years, each individual creates their identity through past experiences, family, race, and many other factors. Race, which continues to cause problems in today’s world, places individuals into certain categories. Based on their race, people are designated to be part of a larger, or group identity instead of being viewed as a person with a unique identity. Throughout Richard Wright’s Black Boy, Richard is on a search for his true identity. Throughout Black Boy, one can see that Richard’s racial background assigns him with a certain identity or a certain way in which some

James Baldwin was an African American author who grew up in Harlem. In his “Talk to Teachers”, he discusses how society connects to education. He shows that society shapes a child’s education by conditioning and telling them how to view their place in life. According to Baldwin, society shows that there are unfair rules and regulations in a country that is supposed to believe and practice freedom. When the child grows up, they will realize that they do not have equal opportunities as other children and will then question their own identities. To fix these contradictions, Baldwin believes education should “create the ability to look at the world for himself.” He also believed that a child should “examine everything in order to achieve change and a sense of their own identity.”

Next, the topic of Primary Discourse was investigated in a research article by Mays (2008). Mays articulates that the discourse, or language used in the curriculums and assessments, is so different from the primary discourse that young learners have been exposed to, that minority and ELL students are overrepresented in “at-risk,” “developmentally delayed,” and “not ready to learn” groups. Being put in these groups puts that at a disadvantage in acquiring literacy skills. Mays cited “Discourses (capital “D”) are ways of combining and coordinating words, deeds, thoughts, values, bodies, objects, tools, and technologies, and other people (at the appropriate time and places) so as to enact and recognize the specific socially situated identities and activities. (Gee, 2001, p.71) Many teachers use curriculums that were designed from a “white, middle class, ‘mainstream’ model” and this creates challenges for ELLs from diverse backgrounds to achieve success. The role of the teacher becomes essential and powerful in this

Every one of us have our own identity. This identity is shaped and influenced by several external uncontrollable factors that occur simultaneously as we grow up. More specifically, our home, school, society or any particular cultural background that surrounds us. United States is one of the most diversified countries in the world. Most of us come from different discourse communities from around the world. In “Home and Away” BT. Williams argues how this unique identity that we carry along and the discourses we have already learned in our diversified surroundings impact the way we talk, speak and even approach academic writing. He discusses this conflict between the academic discourse in the classroom and primary discourses that the student has

On the very first day of the class, Introduction to the Black Experience, we learned that people are defined by their culture and geography. We are also defined by the gaze of others and our own gaze. This realization led me to contemplate what the “black experience” means to me. As a first generation Haitian-American woman at Wellesley College, it has become clearer to me how important the language and culture of parents has been in shaping my identity. I have also begun to think more critically about how my identity as a woman of color separates me from black brothers as well as my white peers at Wellesley.

Modern society has started a war against education’s support of free thoughts and differing opinions, attempting to reduce developing minds into clones of general normalcy. It has oppressed thoughts in students who contribute to the defiance of conforming to the populous status quo; unlike the status quo, education encourages eccentric opinions and allows students to develop their own voice. As the educational system emboldens free-thinking, it also allows society to repress those thoughts. African Americans role in society mirror this exact issue. Once they

Thus Black Studies argues for a number of far-reaching reforms. There should be a greater emphasis on student participation in the teaching/learning process, rather than the banking process where the teacher deposits knowledge into students’ heads and periodically (at exam time) makes withdrawals. ….. Finally, freedom, like effective education, is achieved most often when groups of human beings cooperate with each other, not when lone individuals compete against all others” (Cole, pg

In James Baldwin’s article “A Talk to Teachers” he utilizes paradox, tone, and anecdote to persuade the audience that an educational system where students are taught the true meaning of American history and identity must be established in order to create a society where people of all races contribute their ideals to society.

“Black students were expelled at three times the rate of white students.” (Steven Hsieh, 2014) Until now, we are still finding unequal treatment from school in American Society from different aspects, such as school discipline, early learning, college readiness and teacher equity. However, education is more than learning from books. Education enables individuals potential to utilize human mind and open doors of opportunities to obtain knowledge. But the US educational system doesn’t serve the majority of children properly and gaps remain between white and black students. What’s more, nowadays, a lot of schools only treat education as a curriculum and test scores; ignoring the stimulus of curiosity. Therefore, “Between the World and Me” is a book written by Ta-Nehisi Coates, who weaves his own personal, historical, and intellectual development into his ruminations on how to live in a black body in America. In this book, Coates writes about education and pleasures of his own educational experience in Howard University. Although bad education hides the truth and restricts students’ ideas, education also contains pleasures, which broaden people’s mind, help people build their own thoughts, and prevent people from prison. As a result, there are more pleasures in American education that positively impact on black body than dangers.

The genre of hip hop has a positioning in the African American identity because it has helped people to form connections and builds powerful statements with tunes, lyrics and ciphers. In the case of Dred Scott v Sandford (1856), in which a slave, sued for his freedom because his master had taken him to a free territory and believed it made him free slave. The Supreme Court ruled against Dred Scott. With this decision it was clear that a compromise would not be reached, and so war was the only resolution, this lead to the Civil War. In Dred Scott v Sandford case, the court ruling had a huge influence on politics also the 14th Amendment prohibited all violations of citizenship. The Civil War made a huge impact and equal civil rights to African Americans who had been liberated after the American Civil War.

In exploring the problem of identity in Black literature we find no simple or definite explanation. Nevertheless, it is generally accepted that it is rooted in the reality of the discriminatory social system in America with its historic origins in the institution of slavery. One can discern that this slavery system imposes a double burden on the Negro through severe social and economic inequalities and through the heavy psychological consequences suffered by the Negro who is forced to play an inferior role, 1 the latter relates to the low self-estimate, feeling of helplessness and basic identity conflict. Thus, in some form or the other, every Negro American is confronted with the

Social, cultural and political changes have immense influences on the education sector. This has been witnessed from the onset African and Asian immigration into the United States from 1954 till present times. During the last quarter of the 20th century, immigrants to the US were denied education and those who received education did so under great threats. The dominant view of society about immigrants during this period was extremely negative and rejecting; thereby not deserving of an education. Currently, the education has been made affordable to everybody due to changing atmosphere of unprecedented social change. In education, this change resulted in the legal dismantling of segregated education for African American children (Collins, 2008). As African American children integrated the schools in the United States, they came to school with the stigma of slavery and the negative attitudes held by the agents of the educational institution. Attitudes and held perceptions were the catalyst for constructions such as biased assessment and the retardation paradigm. From these constructions emerged practices in special education that held large numbers of African American students captive in not only the educational milieu, but also limited their work potential. For this reason, the sociopolitical landscape as a context for curriculum, instruction, and assessment has continued to play a significant role in the education