Bending Stress In A Beam Lab Report

The goal of the beam project is to design and construct a beam that can hold a given amount of weight without breaking. The beam is required to hold a concentrated load of 375 lbf on the X-axis and 150 lbf on the Y-axis. The maximum allowable weight of the beam is 250 grams. The maximum allowable deflection for the beam is 0.230 in. and 0.200 in. for the X and Y-axis respectively. The beam is required to be 24 in. in length, and it will be tested on a simply supported configuration spanning 21 in. All calculations are to be done under the assumption that the density of basswood is 28 lbm/ft3 and the modulus of elasticity for basswood is 1.46x106 lbm/in2. Given the constraints of a spending cost of $10.50, a maximum beam weight of 250 grams,

The specimen ends were not thick or had moving wedge grips to keep it secure in the holders of the servo-hydraulic load frame. The movement of the specimen in the machine causes some of the data to be an inaccuracy. Also, the transverse strain causes issues with the strain gages that are called transverse sensitivity. The transverse sensitivity affects the accuracy of the data that is being collected for the transverse strain more than the longitudinal strain. This is greatly seen in the percent difference in the strain values such as in one case the Longitudinal strain was .4% while the transverse strain was 30%. Another issue with the strain gages was that if the strain gages weren’t properly placed on the specimen the data accuracy would

\emph{Solutions implemented:}The key here was to make sure that experiment setup is organized in such a way that the force is applied only on the sensing part of the sensor and the readings were taken by maintaining the similar point of contact. There were total 363 readings taken for different load applied between range 0.5 grams to 625.5 grams and for each load output voltage was recorded and plotted. The final curve obtained have a much better linear response as compare with the old curve.The result section \ref{c:result} discussed about it in more

Each separate truss (of the dimensions 920x5x50mm) consisted of a Pratt truss with nine diagonal members on each side of the centre. The model was tested in sufficiently isolated condition by tutors. It successfully passed the initial weight test, and satisfactorily resisted horizontal forces. Once fitted onto the testing rig, loads were applied and increased incrementally. Slight deformation was observed before failing at 12.5 kg, at which force a collection of members failed in succession, concluding the test.

Arielle: (show drawing) In the end we had made a beam bridge out of hot glue, cardboard and popsicle sticks. We used the cardboard because it is a flat surface and is very light. However, cardboard is not strong enough on it’s own. We then decided to use hot glue to attach the popsicle sticks to the

Set up apparatus as shown in figure 1 above, ensuring the beam is fixed at both ends

When designing a building, the load that must be supported is a very important consideration. Various building materials will each have their own levels of strength and ability to support loads. In addition to this, the way in which the building material is utilized may also play a role in the ability of the building to support large loads. The implementation of concrete as a building material led to much stronger walls and supports in Roman buildings. Additionally, the development of the arch was revolutionary in its ability to support loads. The types and sizes of structures that the Romans could build became unlike anything seen before, and they also became very interested in working with interior spaces, as well (Ambler, n.d.).

The test followed the standard procedure for tensile testing; force was applied to a specimen of known dimensions, and the resulting extension was recorded, thus allowing a stress-strain graph to be generated. The bottom of the specimen was secured into the crosshead of a tensile test machine, and the top secured to the load cell. An extensometer is placed on the specimen to measure extension. The test is complete when the force applied by raising the load cell at a constant rate causes the specimen to fail.

We choose design #1 because the truss bridge is a bridge whose load bearing superstructure is composed of a truss, a structure of connected elements forming triangular units. The stressed from tension, and compression helps carry heavier masses. We chose the truss bridge, for it is a very rigid structure and it transfers the load from a single point to a much wider area. A truss is an arrangement of structural members that are connected together to form a rigid frame work. Modern trusses are made of structural steel. All bridges have 4 main characteristics: form, span, material, and travel surface in relation to the structure. A truss bridge is one form that a bridge can take and there are at least 30 different kinds of truss

This report has been written to describe an experiment performed on a channel section examining the stiffness of the beam through two differing types of deformation – curvature and deflection. The aim of the experiment was to determine the value of the flexural rigidity (EI) in two different ways; using the curvature, k, and the mid-span deflection. The testing method used for the experiment is described. The experiment found that the EI values calculated were as follows: - EIcurv = 1.76E+10 Mpa.mm4 when calculated using the curvature, k. - EIdefl

Examine the apparatus. The top measurement device is the force sensor and will be connected into A analog input of the Science Workshop interface.

Although these problems were corrected and the idea of building a skyscraper became a feasible task, there were many conditions that had to be taken into account, that did not need consideration when building a structure less than 40 stories tall. Four story buildings are supported by their own walls; however a new method needed to be created for skyscrapers since the previous building method would not provide enough support. Metal skeletal frames made of columns and beams were then developed to provide the support and strength needed for the skyscrapers. As the buildings grew taller, their structural design was made lighter and stiffer. Also, as the buildings grew taller, wind became an important issue. Normally, the force that acts on the skyscraper pushes directly downward towards the ground that would then counter balance that push. However, when an additional force acts on it, such as wind, the forces would act differently on the skyscraper. With a lateral force acting on the building, the steel columns of the frame on the windy side would stretch apart slightly while the columns on the other side would compress. Therefore, the skeletal frame built had to be made so that the structure would be free to move slightly with the wind and, at the same time, remain sturdy.

Because of advancements in today’s technology in construction field, many types of bridges are being constructed depending on the requirement and their suitability for the situations.

Below are two tables in which I have recorded the data which I obtained during the experiment. The first table reflects the Relationship between the deflection/flexion of the cantilever and the mass of the load and the second table reflects the relationship between the flexion of the cantilever and the length of the cantilever.

Following tables and graphs show the result of the experiment. The tables will demonstrate the experimental and theoretical deflection for each case. The graphs will show the relationship between the load applied and deflection, in addition to compare the experimental deflection and theoretical deflection.