Human wants are unlimited but the resources are limited. Therefore, it is not possible to fulfil all the human desires. As a result, scarcity arises. Scarcity is the condition where the human desires cannot be fulfilled due to the limitation of available resources. Hence, to fulfil one wish, we give up another which in economics is termed as the opportunity costs. Due to limited resources and due to unavailability, individuals and society are forced to incur opportunity costs. Opportunity cost is the second best alternative that one gives up. Due to the limitations of resources, human chooses the most viable options as per the benefits and costs.
The diagram above shows the Production Possibility Curve. It shows the level of satisfaction as per the consumption of coke and Pizza. The points A, B, C, D & E shows the maximum level of output one can achieve. Any point below the curve is inefficient and any point beyond the curve is unachievable. In order to enjoy 15 pizzas, one should give up all the coke or in order to enjoy 40 cokes, one should give up all the pizzas. At point B, one can enjoy 13 pizzas and 20 cokes. Likewise, one can enjoy 10 pizzas and 30 cokes at point C and 5 pizzas and 38 cokes at point D.
In order to enjoy 20 cokes, one has to give up (15-13) i.e. 2 pizzas which can be termed as opportunity cost. The opportunity cost to have 30 cokes is the 5 pizzas that we give up because in that point we can have only 10 pizzas. Therefore, to
The main goal of the Cookies unit was to solve the Unit Problem. The unit problem introduced us to the Woos, the owners of a cookie bakery. The Woos want to find the most profitable combination of plain and iced cookies to bake and sell in their store. We were given several constraints for this problem. According to the Woo’s recipes, a dozen normal cookies requires one pound of cookie dough, and a dozen iced cookies requires .7 pounds of cookie dough. The Woo family only has 110 pounds of cookie dough in stock, which will affect the number of cookies that can be made. The iced cookies also need icing, obviously. A dozen of iced cookies required .4 pounds of icing and the Woos only have 32 pounds of icing in stock.
Imagine that you have decided to open a small ice cream stand on campus called "Ice-Campusades." You are very excited because you love ice cream (delicious!) and this is a fun way for you to apply your business and economics skills! Here is the first month's scenario--you order the same number (and the same variety) of ice creams each day from the ice cream suppliers, and your ice creams are always marked at $1.50 each. However, you notice that there are days when ice creams remain unsold but other days when there are not enough ice creams for the number of customers.
Opportunity cost means giving up something of value or importance to you to achieve a particular goal or outcome. It is a chance that causes you to miss out on something you want, but an individual can benefit by gaining something for the opportunity they accepted.
because we see the highest expected profit of $1,075 associated with this production level for cheese pizza and
For each choice I make, there is an opportunity cost. Opportunity cost is the real cost of an item, what I must give up in order to
When consumer have limited resources they turn to opportunity cost to make an ethical decision. Economists call such sacrifices opportunity cost: to get a greater amount of one thing, society renounces the chance of getting the following best thing. That give up is the open door expense of the decision. (McConnell, BRUE, & FLYNN, 2015, p. 5) For example, you spend time and money going to a movie,
Scarcity shows us the basic economic problem, where humans have unlimited wants, yet there are only finite amount of resources. Therefore, there are not enough resources to fulfill these unlimited needs. One real world example of a scarce resource is coal. Coal is a resource used for fossil fuel and is a combustible rock. Coal is used for “electricity generation, steel production, cement manufacturing and as a liquid fuel”. As you can see there are many uses for coal, thus there will be companies needing as much coal as they can get, however there is only a finite amount for everyone, therefore it must be allocated correctly in order to satisfy those needing coal for self interest and their own objectives.
To perform a break-even analysis, we have made the following assumptions: (a) retail margin= 60%, (b) the additional fixed cost of production per flavor, including advertising, bottling run and sundries, is $10 million and this is assumed to be an annual cost, except the bottling run, (c) a conservative estimate of percentage share of market figure is derived by multiplying the market segment percentages, as well as the age segment percentage for the category > 40 yrs. The percentage = 74% x 62% x 85% x 40% = 16%. We first determine the retail
-The opportunity cost of something is what you must give up of one thing, in order to get it. Opportunity cost is a key concept of economics because it is described as expressing the basic relationship between scarcity and choice. Opportunity cost plays a crucial part in ensuring that scarce resources are used efficiently.
The basic economic problem refers to a situation where human wants are unlimited while human resources are finite; it is the economic problem of scarcity of resources. At any one particular time, the resources of the earth are capable of producing a limited number of goods and services, however, human wants exceed limited production possibilities and this gives rise to what is known as the economic problem of scarcity.
-at 24% user penetration the option A (pizza kit plus toppings) would allow a margin of $12,570 millions while the option B (pizza only) let a total factory sales amount of $35,137 well below the $45,000 millions basic business requirements.
While it is useful to know the quantity of sales at which a product will cease to generate losses, it may be even more useful to know the quantity necessary to generate a desired level of profit, say D.
Availability of substitutes: If the price of Coca-Cola was to increase, we can say that a lot of consumers would turn to other kind of soft drinks and that bring a result of the quality demanded of Coca-Cola will decline. But if the price of Coca-Cola falls a lot of consumers will change other soft drinks to Coca-Cola
Scarcity is the condition in which human needs are everlastingly more noteworthy than the accessible supply of time, products, and assets.
Angela and Zooey desire to make a profitable French restaurant. “The Possibility” has endless of possibilities to prosper if it can resolve the problems which the decision makers are facing. Their first challenge was not knowing how the customer would take to French cuisine. This caused problems such as what to put on the menu since excessive waste was not an option. This problem had a quick alternative for the time being as to only offering a fish or beef dinner. Though they have narrowed down their menu to a fish dinner and a beef dinner it is necessary to factor in all the constraints on how many of each type of dinner to sell to reach a maximum profit.