Benito Mussolini And His Creation Of Fascism

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was born on 29 July 1883. He was born in Predappio in Northern Central Italy. They lived in a crowded two room house on the second floor of a palazzo. His father was a blacksmith and a member of the Socialist party. As a child, he was very smart but he was also very disobedient. As a child his father taught him about the Socialist party and to disobey authority. As a result, he was expelled from many schools. Because of this he was sent to the strict Salesian order at Faenza. There he caused even more trouble than he did at home. While he was there he stabbed another student with a pen knife. After that he was sent to Giosuè Carducci. He was yet again expelled from that school for assaulting another student with his penknife. Despite his

He was originally a Socialist, however, when he read Karl Marx’s theory about social revolution, he began to favor going to war and enlisted in fighting in the war—developing strong fascist ideals. Wounded in the war, he came back to Italy and wanted to spread his ideas and opinions with others and captivated others with his conviction. His power was established after the March on Rome, where an event was held where Fascists working with Mussolini seized control of the government and announced their ruling by parading through Rome. Luigi Facta—their previous Prime Minister—tried to take control of Rome, but Victor Emmanuel III did not sign the order, resulting in their army terminating any potential threatening Fascists before they attacked them. In 1922, he became the youngest Italian Prime Minister in history and created a law that enabled Fascists to hold the most of authority within the government. From there, Mussolini implemented many more laws and changes, one of which including the Ceka, which was a group of professional gangsters hired by Mussolini himself to scare the Italian citizens into voting for Fascists during the elections. He held a deep animosity for Socialism and was trying to wipe out leftist groups with terroristic tactics, such as mass murder and extreme propaganda. In addition, he also introduced a diarchy where he and Victor Emmanuel were both political leaders and banned all opposing newspapers and political parties, determined to make the country completely totalitarian. In 1927, he created and was the head of the OVRA, which was a secret police force with official state support and a death penalty. Mussolini had a strong desire to conquer more land and spread his empire, so in October 1935, Italy invaded Ethiopia and killed many people within the country by gas bombing Ethiopia, resulting in the League of Nations trying to impose sanctions. Italy was also allies with Germany and

As a child, Benito Mussolini had an affinity for violence. This may have been a result of the fact that his father was an atheist. He had attended a Catholic school, which he had soon gotten expelled from, at the age of 10, for stabbing a classmate in the arm. Mussolini’s violence also continued, as he also got expelled from the next school that he had attended. Not only that, but Mussolini’s affection for stabbing continued, as he had openly admitted to knifing his girlfriend in the arm. In fact, Benito Mussolini had been so malicious that at his local church, he would pinch others so strong that they would begin to sob. Even as a child, Mussolini new he was born to be a leader, as he often led gangs of boys to raid the local farmsteads.

Fascism came into the consciousness of the Italian public at a time of considerable political unrest, and many have argued that its popularity came from a need for a strong Nationalist government rather than any firm belief in its ideology. In 1921 the country’s new electoral system was showing considerable flaws, as Philip Morgan explains: “An electoral and parliamentary system based on limited suffrage, and fixing of elections and trasformismo could not reflect and represent divisions and conflicts within the Nation as a whole”. Due to this dissatisfaction towards the political system, many began to turn to more radical movements, including the Communists and the recently formed Nationalist parties ( such as Fascism). This led to the Fascist party holding 36 of the electable positions within the political coalition, and by the ‘March on Rome’ in 1922 the PNF was one of the most popular parties in Italy under Giobertti’s government.

Fascism itself rose in the wake of an Italian generation spent and proved by war, refusing to continue political at least with anything relevant of the past. Though by the time this document had been written, the fascists had already assumed power of the state, and had since 1922; lacking however, was an overall and cohesive united identity to put a face on, or coherent ideology of the movement itself. It was clear then that the National Fascist Party headed by Benito Mussolini could not govern effectively and prove capable of without such a consensus that this document could

Fascism a form of radical authoritarian nationalism became popular in the early twentieth century and was thought to be the perfect regime of the century among several country leaders in Europe. The Italian fascist leader, Mussolini, was the one of the main leaders of the ideological movement. That the first half of the twentieth century was a period full of war substantially supported the development of Mussolini’s Fascist ideas, but radical authoritarian nationalist Fascism’s ideological origin goes right back to the fifteenth century, the Italian Renaissance. Furthermore, Benito Mussolini’s fascist ideas were influenced by many Italian politicians, one is the writer of The Prince, Nicola Machiavelli. Just as many other Italian intellectuals,

The conclusion of World War I and the subsequent negotiation of the Treaty of Versailles set the stage for Italian Fascism to rise. Despite being a member of the victorious Allies, sacrificing over 650,000 Italian lives in the war effort, Italy was nonetheless awarded very little in the Treaty of Versailles. In addition to the high cost paid in human lives, Italy was also left with a sizable debt as a result of the war. But, perhaps most important, however, to understanding the rise of Italian Fascism was the return of the disenchanted WWI veterans who would later become the perpetrators of the political violence in advance of the Fascist cause. Many of the Italian veterans bemoaned the lack of patriotism within Italy, blaming the Italian

“Mussolini has a proper understanding of what is necessary for this country in order to rid it of the anarchy to which it has been reduced by an impotent parliamentarianism”

His father was a radical political activist, who was involved in socialist and radical teachings . His mother was catholic, an ideal that Mussolini would reflect on in the late 1920’s when trying to coordinate himself with the Vatican . He was involved in socialist activities at a young age. He became the editor of the Avanti! a socialist newspaper located in Milan in 1912 . In 1914 he began to have pro-war motivations, which were against mainstream socialist dogma. As a result of his pro-war motivations, he was expelled from the Socialist movement altogether, to include his position at the Avanti . In his autobiography, My Rise and Fall, Mussolini explains the very beginnings of the fascist movement: “I created the Fasciti a daring group of individuals who believed that intervention could be forced” . He created his own fascist newspaper, the Poppolo d’Italia which gained success, especially after the war? . Due to his pro-war outlook, Mussolini felt the need to serve, and was eventually called up due to Italy’s entrance into the First World War. Mussolini was a popular soldier, and left the army after being injured when a friendly grenade detonated in his trench . The war ended during his recovery, and he soon found himself pushing for soldiers’ rights. In the 1920’s the fascism gained more popularity in Bologna during an agriculture strike. The fascist used violence and deception to pursue

Benito Mussolini’s development of the National Fascist Party in 1919 (H, 2010) provided great hope for a suffering nation of Italian people. Although Fascism grew quickly with an optimism of ending great economic and social turmoil, Mussolini’s Fascist ideologies eventually lead to an isolated nation. By further exploring the history of Benito Mussolini and his radical Fascist ideologies, it is easy to comprehend the attraction of such a concept, especially during times of immense suffrage. One factor not taken into consideration is an inherent fundamental human principle; a person’s aspiration for individual freedom and

Italy’s fascism had at least four principle changes. Until 1925, it was political action seeking an ideology. Mussolini was many things, but he was not a man of religion because he could never find one that could satisfy what he looked for in a religion. During this time, Italy was supposed to be a powerful nation that used capitalistic ideas and the idea of forced union labor to earn money. This was the time that people focused on economic growth of Italy by forming monopolies and cartels. Alfred Rocco, a primary theoretician, said that a hierarchal arrangement of capitalism had to be created because the support of the regimes would guarantee higher wages and employment rates. The second phase focused of the electoral part of society or the voting

After Mussolini became prime minister, he reduced the influence of judiciary, and continued to support violence. He actually wasn’t a true dictator until 1925 – when he declared himself as one in Italy. Following a series of assassination attempts in 1925 and 1926, he had to get stricter and more security to protect him. He banned opposition parties, kicked out over one hundred members of parliament, reinstated the death penalty for political crimes and abolished local elections. (History - Greenspan, 2012) In 1938, he forced the last remains of democracy to vote; themselves out of existence. Then eventually that lead to making himself dictator and holding all the power in Italy. Ultimately, Mussolini was overextending his forces during World

After the First World War Italy was in the midst of political and social turmoil as the war took a massive toll on its people and economy, people were in need of change, Mussolini in his mind would be this change. During this turmoil many Italian workers went on strike demanding better work and living conditions and, spurred on by the Russian revolution, began

It was after observing how Mussolini rose to power and ran his Fascist government that Hitler learned how he should run his own. As traditionalist historian Wolfgang Schieder stated in Fatal Attraction: The German Right and Italian Fascism, a section in Hans Mommsen’s The Third Reich between Vision and Reality: New Perspectives on German History, 1918-1945, “Hitler’s rise to power would not have occurred so easily without Mussolini’s precedent”. In terms of domestic policies, one principle that Mussolini focussed on was collectivism. As such, Mussolini got all Italians working for the state so that more could be achieved in less time, as the citizens are no longer divided by individual interests. In doing so, Mussolini also brought Italians closer together and began to abolish regionalism and shift towards intense nationalism that the country

In Italy and Germany especially, dictators were able to gain trust in desperate citizens by promising change and prosperity. Benito Mussolini, an Italian leader, built the political movement called fascism. These systems of government rules through terror, fear, and by giving attention to nationalism and racism. In 1922, Mussolini became prime minister by using black-shrited followers to enforce his strict rules. Mussolini had won over nationalists by swearing to turn Italy into something like a new Roman Empire. 1935, Mussolini’s fascist troops actually invaded Ethiopia in Africa. The League of Nations tried to form a halt to all of the madness, however, it had little success.