Best Management Strategy For BPD

Yet, these preterm births and the deaths can be stopped and prevented with established, low cost involvements. There is a prominent, noticeable and

Neonatal RDS is a condition of increasing respiratory distress commencing at or shortly after birth (BAPM-2006). It’s the single most important cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants (Greenough, et al 2004). Typically RDS affects preterm infants with the incidence being inversely proportional to the gestational age (Stewart 2005) Approximately 60% of those born before 28 weeks gestation are affected (Fraser, et al 2004) Incidence also increases in infants of diabetic mothers those born via elective caesarean section (Fraser, et al 2004) and perinatal asphyxia (Rodriguez, 2003).

* Baby need sources of vitamins and minerals and sources of vitamin D including oil, fish, eggs, cereals.

Childbirth is one of the greatest privileges on the earth anyone could have and we, as women, should feel proud to be major contributors for it. Thus, a mother has to play a key role in aiding the healthcare workers to mitigate the health crisis associated with childbirth by performing her duties faithfully. One such associated health crisis is “Premature (preterm) birth” which occurs when the baby is born too early, before 37 weeks of gestational period (CDC, 2015). The rate of preterm birth ranges from 5% to 18% of babies born across 184 countries (WHO, 2015).

The new versus classic BPD features have changed over the years. The approaches to care, including surfactant administration, permissive hypercapnia, and noninvasive ventilation have changed. All these has increased the survival of low birth weight infants as before with classic BPD. The classic BPD was before surfactant and more management techniques, and inflammation and alveolar septal fibrosis. All these changes were associated with oxygen toxicity, infection, and barotrauma.

Premature birth has been linked to a vast array of lungs problems, the earlier the birth the greater risk of health complications(Davis R and Mychaliska G, 2013). A majority of the health problems will affect the infant for the rest of their life (Davis R and Mychaliska G, 2013). Infants born between the canalicular and the saccular period (week 25) have lung development that is unsuitable for gas exchange (Davis R and Mychaliska G, 2013). Two major complications that arise with undeveloped lungs is bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and pulmonary arterial hypertension (Mahgoub L. et al. 2017).

The significance that this mother did not receive prenatal care is that the risks for having a premature delivery could have been reduced or eliminated completely. The mother could have been put on medications to stop early labor like Magnesium sulfate to relax the smooth muscle of the uterus and stop contractions, progesterone to prevent early labor, and monitoring fetal heart rate patterns in order to report any complications to the attending provider caring for the patient. Progesterone reduces the risk of delivering a baby early, before 37 weeks gestation, in mothers who are pregnant with just a single fetus or a mother who previously had a premature birth of a fetus (Progesterone Treatment, 2014, para. 4). In

Despite countless medical advancements and technology, preterm births continue to plague the nation as a public health issue. Preterm births have become a devastating issue that has caused government agencies to intervene. There are a variety of risk factors that may contribute to a mother delivering a child preterm, such as smoking, lack of prenatal supplements, and social disadvantages, which may cause severe stress (Räisänen S., M. Gissler , J. Saari, M. Kramer, & S. Heinonen S 2013). Any combination of these risk factors may increase a mother’s chance for delivering a child preterm. During the preterm period, infants are placed at a

The neonatal specialists care [NICE] (2010) quality standards are drawn from key priorities for implementation which are listed in the [NICE] Clinical guideline, which emphasises on patient experience and the whole clinical team. It requires that physical, psychological and social needs of babies and their families are the main focus of all care given, it covers the care whilst babies are in the need of specialist services that should be commissioned across all relevant agencies for on-going care (NICE, 2010). This According to the [NICE] Guidelines (2015) preterm birth is the single biggest cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in the United Kingdom [UK]. This guideline reviews evidence to provide the best treatment when caring for women

Preterm birth can be a devastating experience not only for the mother, but also for the child. This issue has plagued the United States and other countries for many years, and no concrete evidence have been found to tell us why preterm birth occurs. One in eight babies in the United States is born premature each year. The impact of social support on the psychological well-being, attitudes, and behavior of parents is rapidly becoming a major issue. It is becoming more and more difficult for mothers to cope with the long-term and short-term effects of premature birth. These parents’ attitude and behavior can have both a direct and indirect effect on the child's

Apnea of prematurity is a developmental disorder in preterm infants and is one of the most common NICU diagnosis that requires therapeutic intervention. Caffeine citrate is used in the NICU for the treatment of apnea of prematurity (AOP) in infants between 28 and 32 weeks gestational age, and neonates weighing less than 2 kilograms. Usually given for about seven days with the goal of decreasing apneic spells by 50% (lexi). This drug can be given by mouth or IV. It is generally considered a diagnosis of exclusion.

Preterm Birth is one of the most important and interesting topics to any prospective parent. One of the reasons is because it happens so often and unexpectedly. Preterm Birth has become a personal interest in research simply because it has made a tremendous impact in my life. Having a Preterm Birth has taught me lots of things, such as, to grow as a person and as a mother, to see things from a different perspective, to get up, continue with my life, and perhaps to learn how to say “good bye” to a little one without even saying “hello.” For all the reasons above, there are some questions I would like to address: Why do preterm births happen and how can it be prevented? What kind of help is offered to parents and family members who go through the process of having a preterm birth? How effective and relevant is that help?

The most serious of these being hyaline membrane disease (HMD), most commonly known as RDS or respiratory distress syndrome. Babies that suffer from this condition will tend to find it very difficult to breathe due to the increased surface tension and the ultimate lack of oxygen transported through the body can seriously impair and damage the functions of the brain and other organs of the baby. Surfactant deficiency’s can also sometimes be caused by mutations in a particular gene. An example of this is surfactant protein or SP-B deficiency. This particular dysfunction is hereditary and is caused by a gene mutation on chromes number two. Babies that suffer from tis condition rarely survive past a few months. However there are some procedures that can help babies who may have been born prematurely and have not manufactured enough surfactants to support regular functions. Surfactant replacement therapy and surfactant supplements are amongst the most popular treatments of these types of surfactant deficiencies in newly born

Prenatal care is widely accepted as an important element in improving pregnancy outcome. (Gorrie, McKinney, Murray, 1998). Prenatal care is defined as care of a pregnant woman during the time in the maternity cycle that begins with conception and ends with the onset of labor. A medical, surgical, gynecologic, obstretic, social and family history is taken (Mosby's Medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary, 1998). It is important for a pregnant woman as well as our society to know that everything that you do has an effect on your baby. Because so many women opt not to receive the benefits of prenatal care, our society sees the ramification, which include a variety of complications primarily

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common lung disorder that mostly affects preterm infants. RDS is caused by insufficient surfactant production and structural immaturity of the lungs leading to alveolar collapse. Clinically, RDS presents soon after birth with tachypnea, nasal flaring, grunting, retractions, hypercapnia, and/or an oxygen need. The usual course is clinical worsening followed by recovery in 3 to 5 days as adequate surfactant production occurs. Research in the prevention and treatment of this disease has led to major improvements in the care of preterm infants with RDS and increased survival. However, RDS remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality especially in the most preterm infants. This chapter reviews the most current evidence-based management of RDS, including prevention, delivery room stabilization, respiratory management, and supportive care.