Bibliography : Capstone Literature Review

During the practicum, one detailed assesses the organization as well as collaborate with the mentor and intraprofessionals. The major issue with the organization, Pacific Alliance Medical Center (PAMC), is the patient safety issue, fall. The capstone project topic would be Fall Reduction and Prevention. PAMC is a small community-based healthcare facility with only total 138 beds. There were total 72 falls in 2015 and 35 falls in 2016. Moreover, in the first quarter of 2017, 11 falls had occurred and just one week before my practicum, 3 falls happened within one week (these would be counted in the second quarter of 2017). The facility has spent ample expenditure in updating the new technological

Hypertension, defined as blood pressure readings higher than 140/90 mmHg taken on three different occasions, is one of the chronic diseases that poses major health problems to countless Americans and a major issue to almost every racial group living in the United States of America. In the simplest of words, hypertension forces the heart to pump blood harder throughout the body through blood arteries and veins. Such pumping can result in problems with the proper functioning of the heart. Hypertension does not only affect the heart. Many organs throughout the human body can get damaged due to the high pressured blood pumping towards them by the heart. Hypertension can cause the kidneys to dysfunction and also result in aneurysm. Apart from heart problems such as strokes and heart attacks, hypertension can result in the speedy aging of the human brain at a young age, which eventually results in neurotic problems as age increases.

Hypertension is the medical term for high blood pressure. A normal blood pressure is 120/80. A blood pressure reading higher or equal to 140/90 is considered abnormally high. Elevated blood pressure means your heart is working harder than normal, putting both your heart and arteries under great strain. High blood pressure is serious business.

Blood pressure is measured by systolic and diastolic rates. The larger systolic number is when the heart is contracting. The smaller diastolic number is when the heart is not contracting and at rest. These pressures are measured in mmHg. Normal blood pressure the systolic pressure is below 120 and the diastolic pressure is less than 80. Pre-hypertension blood pressure the systolic pressure is 120 to 139 and the diastolic pressure is 80 to 90. Hypertension is high blood pressure when systolic pressure is 140 to 159 and the diastolic pressure is greater than 90. Hypertension is linked to a higher risk of coronary heart disease, increase in left ventricle cardiac size and kidney disease. Blood pressure rises for older people which may cause higher

Hypertension is a common condition in the general population that remains one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease and stroke worldwide. Prehypertension stage is defined as a systolic blood pressure between 120 and 139 or a diastolic pressure between 80 and 89. It is meant to identify adults who are at high risk for developing hypertension. Hypertension stage 1 is between 140 and 159 or diastolic pressure is between 90 and 99. It will probably need to take medication. Hypertension stage 2 is 160 or higher or diastolic pressure is 100 or higher. This stage usually must modify lifestyle habits and take a diuretic and another type of antihypertensive drug. According to Mayo Clinic, most people with high blood pressure have no signs or symptoms, even if bleed pressure readings reach dangerously high levels. A few people with high blood pressure may have headaches, shortness of breath or nosebleeds.

You may be wondering, why does high blood pressure matter? Why is it so important? If you did not know high blood pressure is a life threatening sickness that can lead to serious health problems. High blood pressure doesn’t have any clear symptoms, so you may not even know it’s damaging your arteries, heart, and other organs. Which is why it is also known as “the silent killer.” If high blood pressure isn’t controlled or left untreated it can cause damage to the heart and coronary arteries (heart attack, heart disease, congestive heart failure, aortic dissection and atherosclerosis), stroke, kidney damage, vision loss, erectile dysfunction, memory loss, fluid in the lungs, angina, and peripheral artery disease. Some risk factors are age, heredity, gender, overweight/ obesity, if you smoke, high cholesterol, diabetes, and physical inactivity. Blood pressure above 140/90 is defined as hypertension and blood pressure 180/120 is considered severe. It is treatable by a medical professional, and it requires a medical diagnosis. Approximately 72 million people have high blood pressure and 1 in every 3 adults have high high blood pressure. People of the ages 41 and up have the highest risk of having high blood pressure.

Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels, and the magnitude of this force depends on the cardiac output and the resistance of the blood vessels. When the systolic blood pressure (SBP) which is the pressure as the heart pumps blood around the body is 140 mm Hg or more, or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) which is the pressure as the heart relaxes and refills with blood, is 90 mm Hg or more, and the individual is taking antihypertensive medication, it is called Hypertension (Madhur, 2014). High blood pressure is a major risk factor for various other illnesses and even death due to several cardiac and vascular diseases. It is assessed that about 54% of strokes, 47% of heart attacks, 75% of hypertensive disease, 25% of other heart disease, 13.5% of all mortality, and 6% of morbidity are linked to Hypertension (Khraim & Pike, 2014). Hypertension affects about 70 million adults in the United States. Only about half (52%) of people with hypertension have their blood pressure under control. Nearly 1 in 3 American adults have prehypertension which means that blood pressure numbers are greater than usual, but not in the high blood pressure range. Hypertension costs the country about $46 billion annually. This comprises the cost of health care services, drugs to treat hypertension, and days of absence from work (CDC, 2015).

Hector although a young man he only had a few close friends. One of the reasons being that because his family were immigrants, his family had moved a lot in search of greener pasture. Searching for greener pasture being one of the number one reasons people migrate to in Hector's family which was moving from Mexico to the United States made him lose a lot of the friends he had growing up. Migration is considered as one of the major life events which often involves profound changes including a disruption of well-established relationships. It challenges the adaptive capacity of the families collectively and each of their members individually (Roebers et Schneider, 1999 P 125). Although it is common that when a lot of people migrate to other countries they automatically lose the ties they had and are forced to start afresh, it is often hard for most people to adjust.

Hypertension is commonly known as high blood pressure. What does it mean to have high blood pressure? Blood pressure can be defined as the amount of blood the heart pumps and the amount of resistance to blood flow in the arteries. It is when the systolic reading is greater than 140 and the diastolic is greater than 90. Systolic is blood pressure when the heart contracts while diastolic is the time when the heart is relaxed. Primary care physicians are accustomed to seeing cases of hypertension. However this common diagnosis can lead to more serious illnesses such as chronic kidney disease, stroke, heart attack, aneurysm, peripheral artery disease, and even death (Tipton & Sullivan, 2014).

High blood pressure (hypertension) occurs when the heart works harder to push the blood through the arteries. The harder a person’s heart works to push the blood through the arteries, the higher the blood pressure would be. Because there isn’t enough oxygen circulating, the body tries to compensate by producing more red blood cells, this particular form of compensation causes the blood to become thicker making it even harder for the heart to pump.

Hypertension is a very common condition that affects many people in the world . Hypertension is also known as high blood pressure and it is when your blood pressure is above normal. Around 75 million people in the world suffer from hypertension. Hypertension can affect anyone in the world. That shows how common this condition really is. Hypertension happens when the body's smaller blood vessels narrow, which causes the blood to have a lot of extra pressure against the vessels wall, which makes the heart work harder. High blood pressure is usually identified when the blood pressure succeeds 140 over 90 while the normal average blood pressure is 120 over 80. This is bad for the heart because too much pressure can lead to other conditions like

The first stage is a slightly heightened blood pressure known as the Prehypertension stage. If blood pressure has a Systolic reading of higher than 120 but less than 140, and a Diastolic reading of higher than 80 but less than 90, it is considered to be within the Prehypertension stage. Most physicians consider prehypertension risky but not life threatening while. As stated by the National Institute on Aging, “Prehypertension can put you at risk for developing high blood pressure. Your doctor will probably want you to make changes in your day-to-day habits to try and lower your blood pressure” (pg. 2). Adjusting prehypertension is easier and less strict than correcting full-blown high blood pressure. If daily lifestyle changes aren’t made to lessen prehypertension, people are more likely to develop hypertension within a short amount of time. Examples of changes to reduce prehypertension include losing weight, eating healthy, and exercising regularly.

While doing my Capstone project I realized that I am too broad with my research. I tend to think really big which in most cases is not a bad thing, but when doing projects such as the Capstone project I need to focus on facts more closely related to my topic.

Hypertension is a common health problem especially among people over age of 60 years. This disease is diagnostic when a patient blood pressure is more than 140 to 159 over 90 to 99. Blood pressure refers to the pressure that blood applies to the inner walls of the Diabetes is an endocrine system disorder that occurs when the body is unable to control or balance the amount of sugar in blood and within bodily tissues. You know that the human body is like a machine, with organ systems that are specialized in certain functions, and interact with each other to allow all vital functions to happen. For the body to stay healthy, it is essential that its internal environment is stable and balanced despite the different changes that can occur inside

Hypertension is defined a consistent elevation of the systolic blood pressure above 140mmHg, a diastolic pressure above 90mmHg or a report of taking antihypertensive medication. Early diagnosis and effective management of hypertension is essential because it is a major modifiable risk factor to cerebrovascular, cardiac, vascular, and renal diseases. The higher the blood pressure, the greater the risk for heart attack, heart failure, stroke, and kidney disease.