Bilingual And Bilingualism

This trend was also prevalent in the right hemisphere for bilinguals however not seen in monolinguals (x = 56, y = -53, z = 42; Z-score = 3.4; P<0.001). Voxel-based morphometry revealed that overall proficiency correlated negatively with age of acquisition (P<0.01; r=-0.855) and second-language proficiency correlated with grey-matter density in exactly the same left inferior parietal region previously identified by a different study (x = -48, y = -59, z = 46; Z-score = 4.1; P<0.05). (Mechelli, 2004)

There are two cortical areas required for speech known as the Wernicke area and the Broca area. The Wernicke area is a small part of the brain that helps us to understand language. It is usually found in the back portion of the left temporal lobe. The Broca area also works with speech, but is the motor speech area, whereas the Wernicke area is the sensory speech area. They are connected by the arcuate fasciculus, a bundle of neurons. When reading a book out loud, the words are recognized and comprehended by the Wernicke area, and in the Broca area the words are formulated as it will be spoken.

To become bilingual, must you lose a piece of your identity? Or can the cultures of language coexist in a person? In the essays by Martin Espada and Richard Rodriguez, the ability to maintain identity as a bilingual speaker is challenged. According to Espada, Spanish should be permitted everywhere to prevent losing a piece of one’s identity. However, Rodriguez believes that a piece of your identity must be sacrificed in order to be accepted into a new culture. For others, such as myself, there is a happy compromise; bilingualism should be encouraged and supported in public to communicate and spread understanding.

The four myths associated with bilingualism are the myth of the monolingual brain, the myth of time-on-task, the myth of bilingualism and language impairment, and the myth of minority language children.

Language is used every day in our everyday lives all over the world. Marian and Shook state that “language is used to communicate our thoughts and feelings, connect with others, identify culture, and understand the world around us” (Marian & Shook ,2012,para.1) There are many languages all over the world and some people understand more than one language such as understanding both English and Spanish. People that are Bilingual are exceptional in a way that they are intelligent, helpful, and have advantage openers.

Schweizer, T et al. 2010. Brain ratios and scores of monolingual and bilingual patients. Pg.994. Table.2 Toronto, University of Toronto

According to Maria Sanchez Diez, a reporter for the website Quartz, by the year 2050 the US will be the largest Spanish speaking country in the world, if the rate at which Latinos are coming in and staying stays consistent. As the U.S grows with spanish speakers and latinos, American english speakers become more defensive against the spanish speakers. English speakers try to stop people speaking their own language in school settings, and threaten to harm non natives. The idea of bilingualism goes beyond just speaking two languages, it ties to a person’s identity and their culture. Both english speakers and spanish speakers want to keep who they are, they both fear each other, anxiety rests between both, both have troubles but American

Broca’s area is located in the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere. It’s involved in the production of coherent speech, it moves the needed muscles that are required for speaking.

Broca’s area is where phonological processing and speech production take place. However, Broca’s area does not serve just one purpose. This area also controls some nonlinguistic language as well. This area is located in the left hemisphere of the brain near the motor cortex. Wernicke’s area, also located in the left hemisphere but near the auditory cortex, is where language processing and understanding takes place. If a person has an impairment or damage to Broca’s area the person would understand language but not be able to speak it. On the other hand if a person has an impairment or damage to Wernicke’s area then they would not be able to comprehend speech but would be able to speak words and

Mother is bilingual, her thought patterns seem to be adequate and she appears to be well kept in appearance. Although she was leaving children home unattended, she was willing and accepting of guidance which can be assumed that she was not comfortable with the situation either but felt as though she had no other resources. Lorenzo seems to be capable and cognitively aware for his age, he does as instructed by his mother and follows directions given to him adequately for a child of his age. Lia also seems to be developmentally appropriate for her age, she responds and reacts appropriately and listens to verbal cures.

Simultaneous bilingualism describes a situation in which a child learns more than one language from birth, meaning they are spoken to in both languages on a regular basis. If this occurs throughout the final stages of language development, the child will be able to fluently speak and understand both languages; both languages are considered the child’s first speaking language. On the other hand, sequential bilingualism occurs when a second language is not learned as a native language but taught as a foreign language instead (Rowe, B. M., &amp; Levine, D. P., 2006). This could occur in an immigrant family, for example, perhaps the parents do not speak the native tongue of the community, so the children

In 2005, Rolstad, Mahoney, and Glass, conducted meta-analysis research of bilingual education in Arizona. Before 2000, 63% of ELL students were in an ESL program, 16% in a bilingual education program, and 13% in a transitional bilingual education program. After evaluating multiple studies, the researchers found that English instruction has been effective in Arizona. However, bilingual education has also been effective and most research states it is more effective than English only instruction as students are able to “engage” academic content in both languages. Not only can a bilingual education help ELL students academically, it can also teach students about diversity. Research shows by using the student 's’ native language, it

Bilingualism is having the ability to fluently partake in two languages, and for deaf students this would include effective communication skills in both oral English and American Sign Language. Now holding the question if this is achievable for a deaf person, I would say yes however under the mode of communication of “total communication”, I would argue no. Total communication intends to incorporate educationally oral, auditory, written, visual aids, and signed methods of teaching. With the right intentions of equipping the deaf student with knowledge of how to communicate for themselves, this mode of communication does not include American Sign Language. So to purpose that total communication would supply the tools necessary to make one bilingual

The topic that I chose for this written task is bilingualism. Many modern parents chose to raise their children to be able to speak two different languages in order to keep up with the globalizing society. There are many benefits to being bilingual, such as easier communication and improving the ability to complete tasks like problem-solving. However, there are also many misconceptions regarding bilingualism. Some people, for example, believe that bilingualism delays speech and confuses children. In my research, I found out that this is not true at all. I will address these misconceptions in the speech and try to convince parents to raise their children bilingually as well. The text type that I have chosen for this assignment is a speech that addresses adult males and females, and parents of young children in particular. I have chosen this text type because public speakers reach many people at the same time and use facts and evidence to come

Simultaneous acquisition of bilingualism and multilingualism means a person starts learning two or more languages from birth. After the child is born, they start to hear the languages spoken at home. As an example, my cousin married an Italian. Their son at home experiences a bilingual influences as his mother speaks English to him and the father speaks Italian to him. During the weekend, the child stays in the grandparents’ house. The grandparents speak Chinese to him. In this fashion, he is learning three languages simultaneously. So, his first languages are English, Italian and Chinese. He knows which language is appropriate when he talks to different people. When his grandmother came to visit from Italy, he spoke Italian to her. He is four years old and attends school. The teacher only speaks English. Since he spends additional time learning English, therefore his fluency in English is advanced over the other two languages he speaks.