Bio Gas Plant

The renewable energy that the Georges produced through the bio-gas is set up to offset the farm's electricity use and/or sell the power at wholesale rates to the local utility. In the article it stated that the change to bio-gas results in less odor-causing compounds in manure in a liquid storage system and the breaking down of manure in the digester changes the organic nitrogen into ammonium which is when spread on the fields it’ll become more readily available when consumed by the plants allowing for less nutrient runoff. Also reduces weeds appearing in the fields causing less weeds growing with crops. Another great thing about the digestion process it also reduces methane, a greenhouse gas, emissions (basically global warming) which would otherwise remain in the atmosphere for 9 to 15

Biomass has become one of the most commonly used renewable sources of energy in the last two decades. Many of the biomass fuels used today come in the form of wood products, dried vegetation, crop residues, and aquatic plants. It is such a widely utilized source of energy, probably due to its low cost and indigenous nature, that it accounts for almost 14% of the world 's total energy supply and as much as 35% in developing countries, mostly for cooking and heating. The wood from trees is most common biomass used for energy. It has been used by humans for producing energy for heating and cooking for a very long time. Biomass cannot replace our current dependence on coal, oil, and natural gas, but it can complement other renewables such as solar and wind energy. To converted biomass into usable energy in ways that are more efficient, less polluting, and at least as economical, technological innovations will be needed. Gasification is considered as a key technology for the use of biomass. In order to promote this technology in the future, advanced, cost effective, and highly efficient gasification processes and systems are required. Generally all different types of biomass can be converted by gasification into syngas mainly comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane. . From this syngas, all kinds of energy or energy carriers such as heat, power, biofuels, hydrogen, biomethane and chemicals can be provided.

Nanjanna Vindhyashree (@03279486), Kouser Ameena (@03278010), Revankar Rajesh(@03279489), BG Kishan (@03279092), Naraganahalli Suresh Babu Pradeep Kumar (@03278652), Rao Kartik (@03279386)

Biogas production generally simple, and not as complex, as other types of clean energy. Solar power might use critical ingredients, would usually be costly. Other conventional energies might go along those same lines. Biogas production, however, is considerably unique. Along with composting, biogas production can either include everyday kitchen scraps, or heavy duty agricultural excess. Inevitably, biogas production includes sources of biomass that undergo a biochemical development. (U.S.D.E., 10 May 2016).

Per Kapoor, J. R., Dlabay, L. R., Hughes, R. J., & Hart, M. M. (2016).

As the world demands new measures for our needs, the way that these are found has changed. The term "Biomimicry" has become more familiar in the sector of science and innovation during the last few years, referring to the discipline of looking at nature as an inspirational source to emulate its mechanisms, functions or processes in order to solve human problems. The idea of this approach is to use nature as a mentor, because it has 3.8 Billion years of experience learning and solving problems to live in harmony (Benyus Janine 1998). In this way, Biomimicry can play an important role as a tool for innovation in the search for solutions in nowadays issues such as Energy sources. It is one of the biggest concerns all over the world for the

Biofuels, derived from living organisms rather than petroleum-laden rock, are the focus of current energy research. The need for biofuels and alternative sources of energy will be necessary as the earth’s resources begin to diminish. In cohesion with this concern, the current uses of fossil fuels are a concern as the environment pays an incredible toll for our overuse of this resource. Many have attempted to replace petroleum fuel with the first generation biofuels would require diverting farmland and crops for biofuel production, causing economic and ethical problems and competing with world food supply (Zhang et. al., 2011). The production of these biofuels have a negative effect on the environment, as a backdrop of rising crude oil prices, depletion of resources, and political instability in producing countries, only biomass has the potential to replace the supply of an energy hungry civilization (Antoni et. al., 2007). This is proof that it is crucial to begin to create biofuels that have a lesser negative impact that can sustain the energy demands that we have today. Currently, as seen in the table, microbes have been proven to produce ethanol, biodiesel and hydrogen, which are all sources that can be used for producing renewable fuels. Due to their limited demands on the environment they prove to be an excellent candidate for a successful biofuel.

First A. Rishikesh kumar, Second B. Prashant sharma, and Third Rishi gupta, DGI greater Noida (UP)

liquid fuel. H.C.V of a fuel is defined as the energy liberated per kg. of

Biogas is a clean environment friendly fuel. Raw biogas contains about 55–65% methane (CH4), 30–45% carbon dioxide (CO2), traces of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and fractions of water vapours.

The world’s population is projected to grow to 9 billion from existing 7 billion by the year 2050. To accommodate the dietary needs of the population, the world’s food production must be increased by about 70% to close that gap. [1] The agricultural sector will face the following significant challenges to achieve this production capacity: While the amount of arable land cannot increase without creating further ecological imbalance, it competes with urbanization, industrial and bio-energy needs. Unreliable weather and changing climate conditions is causing temperature fluctuations, affects availability of fresh water for irrigation (through rainfall, ground water or other waterbodies) and reduced soil fertility. Poorly managed supply chain accounts for a loss of about 1/3rd of the world’s food production. In addition, there is a labor shift away from agriculture in favor for higher paying jobs in urban areas. [2]

Natural gas is a major source of energy in the world. It is used mainly for electricity generation, heating and cooking (Kidnay, 2011, p. 5). It is also used as a vehicle fuel and as a chemical feedstock in the manufacture of plastics and other commercially important organic chemicals. Its importance is especially high in Qatar. Natural gas is a major feedstock for the production of ammonia, via the Haber process, for use in fertilizer production. It is also used in the manufacture of fabrics, glass, steel, plastics, paint, and other products. Natural gas dispensed from a simple stove-top can generate temperatures in excess of 2000°F (1093°C) making it a powerful domestic cooking and heating fuel. In much of the developed world, it is supplied through pipes to homes, where it is used for many purposes including ranges, ovens, gas-heated clothes dryers, heating/cooling, and central heating. Heaters in homes and other buildings may include boilers, furnaces, and water heaters. Compressed natural gas (CNG) is used in rural homes without connections to piped-in public utility services, or with portable cylinders. Natural gas is also supplied by independent natural gas suppliers through Natural Gas Choice programs in the

Soumyaa, A. D. Pandeyb , M. J. Maheshc, Pooja S.d, Rajarshi De and Saride Anveshf,

Bio gas is also known as swamp gas, sewer gas, fuel gas, marsh gas, wet gas and in India more commonly as gobar gas. Bio-gas consists of 60-65% methane (CH4), 35-40%. Carbon dioxide (CO2) and traces of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) ammonia (NH3).

Biogas which mostly consists of methane and carbon dioxide is then stored on the top of the digester tank or is extracted to the nearby gas holders. Depending on the production processes and the type of organic matter used, biogas may require treatment to remove toxic gases such as hydrogen sulphide and certain trace components.