Bio Prosthetic Heart Failure

heart. The old valve is pushed to the side and the new valve gets implanted. This procedure

This past Friday in the cardiac catheterization lab I began my day with continuing the work that I was previously assigned to do last week where I collected the data of patient's Cardiothoracic surgery. I continued to familiarize myself with the different types of Cardiothoracic surgery procedures, however, the specific reports I was working with, they are called TAVR report (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement). I later learned and was explained to, the TAVR multiple procedures and its causes, which is aortic stenosis. As for the procedures, a valve needs to be placed in the heart and each procedure delivers it a different way. The three ways the valve can be placed in the heart is through the heart's femoral artery (the transfemoral approach),

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is an innovative therapy, compared with the existing traditional surgical aortic valve replacement, is less invasive, no need to thoracotomy, may be exempt or have shorten CPB time, has a smaller wound, shorter length of stay, and most importantly, for those patients unable to access by open surgery or when high surgical

My team of doctors at Cincinnati Children’s hospital told my parents that my heart condition was unfixable and that I needed a heart transplant, maybe even a heart/lung transplant. I was put on a waiting list and was very sick. At the age of 2.5 months, the heart team came up with a new plan and decided to try and fix my heart. The odds were not in my favor. However, the first surgery was successful, and I’ve since had two more, for a total of three open heart surgeries. I, now, have an artificial mitral valve. Once I received this piece of metal, I started feeling

Jonathan Butcher, at Cornell University has printed a heart valve that will soon be tested in sheep. With a dual-syringe machine, he was able to print a combination of alginate, smooth muscle cells, and valve interstitial cells, to control the valve’s stiffness.

“In the United States alone, 5.8 million Americans have been diagnosed with heart failure” (Mancini & Colombo, 2015, p. 2542). Heart failure is a condition where the heart does not pump as efficiently; therefore, it does not meet the needs of the body. There is a growing number of heart failure patients each year. “More than 300,000 deaths per year are attributed to heart failure, and the annual cost to manage these patients is close to $40 billion” (Mancini & Colombo, 2015, p. 2542). Since the heart failure population is steadily growing in size the progress of therapies and management is continuing to evolve. The greatest improvements have been surgery related. The two major surgical approaches involve heart transplants or receiving a ventricular assist device (Mancini & Colombo, 2015). There are much discussion in regardless to receiving a heart transplant versus a ventricular assist device, destination therapy, as well as future advances in ventricular assist devices.

One of the leading causes of death for men and women in the United States can be attributed to Coronary Artery Disease. In the medical world, treatments are ever-changing and improving the chance of survival from this disease. One such treatment, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) with stent placement, is now used in more than 80% of CAD cases with an exceedingly high success rate (http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/161446-overview). With any procedure, there is a number of tools at the doctor’s fingertips, and a new experimental technology in the stent world has risen with temporary bio-absorbable stents. The following document will briefly explain the procedure and their use in percutaneous coronary intervention.

A PBS special that discusses the history and innovation of artificial hearts, entitled “Electric Heart,” demonstrates the use of animal research in biomechanics.

In their research, Oterhals et al. (2013) reviewed several studies pertaining to heart valve replacement. For instance, they note that Koertke et al. (2003) had argued that heart valve replacement has become an everyday life saving practice for patients with heart valve problems. They also noted that Kvidal et al. (2000) had claimed that patients who had undergone mechanical aortic valve replacement had noticeable and obvious improved qualities of life and their life expectance was no different from those who had no valve replacement. They also reviewed a study by Nugteren and Sandau (2010), that describes how

Researchers at the Cardiovascular Research Center at Icahn School of Medicine have successfully tested a powerful gene therapy known as “SUMO-1” that is delivered directly into the myocardium to reverse heart failure in large animal models. Although this treatment has yet to be proven in human clinical trials, it may be one of the first treatments that can actually shrink hypertrophied myocardium tissue; thereby significantly improving the damaged heart’s life-sustaining function.

My clinical observation took place at Christus Trinity Mother Frances Hospital in Tyler, Texas involving a mini mitral valve replacement procedure. This location is not a teaching institution, therefore there are no clinical instructors nor students. The acting perfusionist in the procedure was Darell Miller under the direction of cardiothoracic surgeon Neeland Doolabh M.D.

Diseases of native aortic valves have been linked to mechanical factors, for example, the sclerotic lesions that occur in calcific aortic valve disease occur preferentially in the subendothelial space on the aortic side of the leaflet, a region that is exposed to low shear stress and disturbed

The ideal prosthetic valve that combines excellent hemodynamic performance and long-term durability without increased thromboembolic risk or the need for long-term anticoagulation does not exist. Choice of operation and the prosthesis used for those patients undergoing valve replacement is important for each individual patient and ideally should be made together by the patient, cardiologist, and surgeon.

An estimated 200,000 aortic valve replacements are done yearly. Surgical valve replacements frequently use BP valves over mechanical valves. 2 All transcatheter valves are bioprosthetic (BP) and have been increasingly used in patients with severe aortic stenosis deemed to be at high surgical risk. 13 TAVR was

With several different models of TAVR, it allows for specifics for each candidate. TAVR can replace all heart valves and is not limited to one procedure. Patients and doctors can discuss together which device or procedure will be suiting. With any procedure comes with risks, TAVR is less invasive then previous procedures for valve replacements and increases the survival of 30% of American’s who are unable to undergo open heart