Essay on Bio-Psychosocial Stressors in Adolescents

The new sample is comprised of 1,086 students between the ages of ten and eighteen. Various surveys, questionnaires that require a positive response to be rated on a Likert scales, and self-reports garner information about the offender’s socioeconomic status, life stressors, home life, coping styles, alcohol/drug use, and mental health problems (Aebi et al., 2013). After a statistical analysis, the overall conclusion is that children and adolescents who exhibit behavioral problems, consume alcohol, and are of low socioeconomic status are at risk for delinquency (Aebi et al., 2013). Additionally, the article notes that juvenile offenders who have a propensity to avoid coping with stress

Luther & D’Avanzo sample included 264 Suburban students who were mainly Caucasian, white-collared families, and 224 children of the minority from the inner city and of low SES. Substance use was evaluated via the frequency of drug use grid in the Monitoring the Future Study Survey (Johnston, O’Malley & Bachman,1984). The frequency of drug use grid is a 7-point scale that ranges from “never” to +40+ times” measuring the frequency of several different drugs over the past year (Johnston,O’Malley &Bachman,1984). Also, Other questions on the survey asked about depression, anxiety, and family. The study concluded that affluent youth had higher levels of anxiety and depression, due to pressures of family and society. It was also; found that the wealthier youth used cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana and other drugs more frequently than youth with lower SES to cope with their

It is widely accepted in America that youth in poverty are a population at risk for being troubled. Research has repeatedly demonstrated that low family income is a major determinant of protracted stress and social, emotional, and behavioral problems. But increasingly, significant problems are occurring at the other end of the socioeconomic spectrum. These students attend schools distinguished by rich academic curricula, high standardized test scores, and diverse extracurricular opportunities. The parents' annual income, at $150,000 and more, is well over twice the national average. Yet they show serious levels of maladjustment as teens, displaying problems that tend to get worse as they approach college. In the mid-1990s, there was a recruitment of youth in a prosperous suburban community in the Northeast as a comparison sample for a study of inner-city teens. The affluent teens turned out to fare significantly more poorly than their counterparts of low socioeconomic status on all indicators of substance use,

A new national survey suggests that teens across the US are feeling high levels of stress that they say negatively affect every aspect of their lives. More than a quarter (27%) say they experience "extreme stress" during the school year versus the minor 13% in the summer. 34% expect stress to increase in the coming

This applied system is in light of the reason that the family and peer relationships an individual secures before entering emerging adulthood will continue to form their behavior as an emerging adult as well as into their adult years. The cycle of violence theory proposes that being a victim of physical abuse elevates an individual’s risk in engaging in illegal behaviors and substance use. When researchers applied this theory they found an association between experiences of physical abuse and future criminal behaviors and substance use during adulthood. Similarly, the social learning theory proposes that demonstrations and reinforcement aid in the process of learning to either participate or refrain from illegal and substance use behaviors. “In fact, youth who associate with peers who use tobacco, alcohol, or marijuana are more likely to engage in illegal behaviors and substance use (Snyder and Monroe 215).”

The population I have chosen to work with is adolescents. I chose this population because I know from my own experiences how stress can affect that population. From this class I know that adolescents are is the time of most difficulty for people because this is when life becomes more challenging. There are many substantial changes that occur such as moving from middle school to high school and starting to feel emotions that were never felt before. The first reason I feel adolescents need stress reduction and prevention help is because they are faced with social pressure. It is during this time when teenagers start to feel the need to fit in where they can. There are individuals who will push them to do things they don’t want to do and make

My stress does not come from the average bills, money or work, it is from my son. This child have more problems than an adult which is out of my control. His inability to cope with his struggles and life has thrown my world into chaos. My stress level is extremely high and this class is my breathe of fresh air. I worry about him excessively, because children his age do not understand him. Do to his impulsiveness, failure to express himself appropriately including his medical diagnosis of OCD, ODD, ADHD, and a new diagnos which has no name. Although, homeschooling him is suppose to be enjoyable and pleasant at times it is not. Having to listen to the yelling and excessively and uncontrollable rant of heartache and the mean insult from other

“Teenage childbearing is a symptom, not a cause, of poverty and economic immobility,” said Phillip B. Levine, an economist at Wellesley College, in an interview (Rich). Adolescents are becoming pregnant more often because they have a low economic status and disadvantages to those who are wealthy. In the United States, 34 percent of women aged 20-24 who have not received a high school diploma gave birth this year (Singh, et al.). Teenagers who have a low economic status are more susceptible to becoming pregnant at a young age because of less fortunate families, socioeconomic conditions, and cyclical behavior.

Stress is a greater frequency on children that deal with a lot of different changes due to life and other involvement. The brain functions too many different structure in humans such as Amygdala and structures such as Hippocampus. Amygdala is a roughly almond-shaped mass of gray matter inside each cerebral hemisphere, involved with the experiencing of emotions. Hippocampus is the elongated ridges on the floor of each lateral ventricle of the brain, thought to be the center of emotion, memory, and the autonomic nervous system. The different kinds of stress are Acute Stress occur when daily living change such as taking a test or doing things that are normally done. Chronic Stress can be caused in children by failure in school or other activities and also when being bullied by other children which can lead to low

Teen stress is a big issue in today's society. Recent studies have shown that teens may develop more stress then adults. Few adults can remember the truth about adolescence. "Their minds "censor" their memories, and have them believe that being a teenager was was one big party, free of cares and responsibilities"( ). There aren't that many adults around who realize what adolescence was really like. The anguish, the fear, the anxiety, the stress. People don't remember those problems because they want to forget them. Stress is a significant problem for teens. There are many factors that lead into teen stress, such as school, drugs, peer pressure and

The mental health of adolescents is fairly considered to be one of the major prerequisites of the country 's sustainable development in economics, culture, and social life. Subsequently, the easy and nondiscriminatory access to the psychological treatment appears to be a matter of top priority for the federal government. Nevertheless, the recent statistical data indicates the substantial problems in terms of providing the adolescents with the necessary medical support. In accordance with the US Department of Health & Human Services, in 2014, less than 50% of the country 's adolescent population were provided with a required treatment (US Department of Health & Human Services). Moreover, the data on the minorities ' access to the mental health treatment demonstrates that, for instance, African-Americans are twice as likely as whites to be prescribed a treatment from schizophrenia (American Psychological Association). Undoubtedly, such a trend may be primarily explained by the insufficient efforts of both federal and local health care institutions in terms of providing the minorities ' representatives with the necessary psychological treatment. Consequently, in order to understand comprehensively the problem of the adolescent mental health in the US, it is necessary to define the issue-related objective and subjective concerns as well as to analyze the peculiarities of a potential corrective to the

More attention needs to be paid to teenagers and the amount of stress in their lives because stress takes its toll on youth by affecting their physical health, their performance in school, and their ability to respond to positive stress.

Stress is a part of everyday life that everyone has experienced at some point. Most people describe it as a feeling of being extremely overwhelmed, and is often provoked by a worrisome or fearful event. If too much stress builds up that one does not know how to deal with, there can be many negative effects, causing physical, behavioral, and psychological issues. Although there are many effects, stress in kids and adolescents is linked to affecting school productivity and grades, relationships, and health.

Hispanics have the highest birth rate among the age 15-19-year-olds. Poverty and geography play significant roles in high teen birth rates. (Wiltz, 2015) Teens who live in rural areas tend to have higher rates of pregnancy than teens who live in urban cities and suburban neighborhoods. Southern states, which tend to be poorer, report the highest number of teen births. Teens of color and lower economic status are less likely to have access to quality healthcare, comprehensive sex education course in high school, and contraceptive services. (Wiltz, 2015) These teens are likely to live in neighborhoods where jobs and opportunities to advance in the social-economic ladder are scarce. Also, teen pregnancy is often cyclical as in the teenagers having babies are children of teen parents. Teen pregnancy has been a persistent social issue since the 1970s. Teen childbearing has an adverse health, economic, and social consequences

Since the birth rate in teens is so high that means there is more need of government assistance. This becomes such a problem in states because with more government assistance come more money, and in states like Mississippi, who is ranked as one of the poorest states in America, this falls back on everyone. Even though the birth rate has gotten out of control, teen pregnancy is 100% preventable. With the right knowledge and explanations this problem could be incredibly reduced. Teen pregnancy becomes an even larger problem because not only does it affect the families involved, but it affects the economy. According to Newswire PR, “Mississippi has seen a 36% decline in the teen birth rate between 1991 and 2010.” (PR). Also it has been said that teen pregnancy could also cause higher rates with incarceration and child welfare, which are the main concerns from the government (PR).