Biobutanol

The world has seen fuel prices spiral up or down to meet supply and demand. Because of this, people need to choose a cost effective fuel to meet their needs. Vehicles in the world today run off of many different types of fuel. Biodiesel is a modern fuel compared to the commonly known diesel. Biodiesel has several advantages over diesel. Biodiesel fuel comes from a renewable resource, it is better on the environment, and it meets the Environmental Protection Agency’s definition for fuel standards. In addition, Biodiesel is the most promising alternative fuel source, backed by both federal approval and incentives. Finally, consumer attitudes are changing for the positive when it comes to biodiesel. For these reasons, biodiesel should be used more often by people in the world today.

In the current era, fossil fuel is a necessity in our everyday life, for not only it is used as an energy source, but also due to the high rate of dependability on the fuel itself. The recent drop in oil prices caused an enormous impact on the world economy, especially to the countries that are highly dependent on the fuel industry. The United States also are affected by this situation. One suggestion and a major change, in order to reduce the high dependency on the fossil fuel and to overcome the problems related to the usage of fossil fuel, is to start the wide use of biofuel as the fossil fuel replacement. The impact of this change, and also a huge improvement, not only will help to stabilize the economy, but also can help in reducing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Bio diesel is good for the economy because it is a fuel which can be created from locally available resources such as vegetable oils, coffee grounds, and animal fats. Biodiesel production and use

Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is a clear, colorless liquid. It is also known as ethyl alcohol, EtOH, and grain alcohol. Ethanol is widely produced by processing grains such as corn or starch and sugar crops. The grain is first milled, then fermented with yeast and different enzymes to turn the grain 's starches into alcohol(EPA). A distillation process then increases the ethanol concentrations, basically the same process a whiskey maker would use to make whiskey. Of course, law mandates that a denaturant is added, making the liquid unsafe for drinking. In the process, waste grain is produced and sold as farm animal feed. Bioethanol, can be made from many types of trees and grasses, but the procedure is much harder. The chemical formula of ethanol is the same whether it is made from starch and sugar-based feedstocks, such as corn grain (widely used in United States), sugar cane (Brazil), or from cellulosic feedstocks (such as wood chips or crop residues). (The Alternative Fuels Data Center)

Fossil fuel plays leading role in upsetting environmental, economical and climate protection. Our earth is at catastrophic risk by the exploitation of fossil fuels. Therefore, pressure is on to find viable alternatives for energy to bring a stable, safe and clean revolution. In that case, bio-fuels make an attractive alternative for energy than fossil fuels. Various provocative questions need discussion that what are the attractive differences between both the fuels? Why fossil fuel dependence is to be actually minimized? What is the scope of bio-fuel for a safer world? How will bio-fuel benefit economically? Above all, It will be conferred that why bio-fuels are better than fossil fuels.

Biodiesel can also use in oil heating systems and diesel engines without any change or addition to it.

[Biofuels ‘13] Biofuels For Transport: Global Potential And Implications For Sustainable Energy And Agriculture. n.p.; Earthscan, 2007. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 14 Mar. 2013.

Bio-fuels are also known as agro fuels. They are a renewable source of energy made from animal and vegetable material and a large portion of municipal solid and industrial waste. Bio-fuels are major sources of fuel from biomass. Biomass is any organic material stored in the tissues of living plants and animals. Plants generate their energy from the solar power using the chlorophyll in the leaves to create tissue from water in the ground and carbon dioxide in the air and animals take their energy from plants either by directly eating plants or by eating other animals that have eaten plants. Even though biofuels are sources of energy obtained from renewable resources, the positive effects to the environment are far outweighed by the negative effects to the environment from the production of these biofuels. Our need for energy is increasing day by day for heating, cooling, cooking, driving, etc. One of the major reasons for the development of bio-fuels is the act that fossil fuel oil reserves are limited. Based on total worldwide oil reserves of 143.1 thousand million tons of oil (end 2001) and a worldwide oil consumption rate of 3510.6 million tons, it is estimated that the oil reserves will probably last until 2044. Also, there has been increasing concerns regarding global emissions of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrous oxides. Biodiesel, which is the most popular form of bio-fuel, is used in any diesel

Ethanol is an alcohol product produced from corn, sorghum, potatoes, wheat, sugar cane, even biomass such as cornstalks and vegetable waste. When combined with gasoline, it increases octane levels while also promoting more complete fuel burning that reduces harmful tailpipe emissions such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. There are two processes for making ethanol: wet milling and dry milling. Many other fuel sources are made through a chemical process called. Many forms of biofuel have definite environmental advantages over petroleum-based gasoline and diesel fuel. However Ethanol contains 35% oxygen. By having more oxygen in fuel, it reduces the harmful tailpipe emissions. Ethanol also displaces the use of toxic gasoline components such

Methanol is the simplest alcohol (one carbon backbone). It is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristics alcohol odor.

Each group receive one out of the four biofuels which included methanol, ethanol, 2-Butanol, a methyl lionate to test for toxicity. In order to determine the toxicity of the fuel, six peittry dishes were used each one with 30 seeds and specifically pertaining to a certain concentration of the assigned fuel. The concentrations of the rules ranged from 10%, 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%, .63%, and 0%. Having been assigned 2-Butanol, the six petrie dishes were taken and each was placed with a sheet of filter paper and 30 seeds.each concentration of 2-Butanol was created. The 10% solution of 2-BUtanol was created by placing 2ml of the solution in a graduated cylinder and then adding 18ml of water. Once the solution was created 10ml were placed in the 10% concentration poetry dish. In order to achieve the 5% solution 10Ml of dioinized water was added into the remaining solution and 10Ml of that was added into the respective poetry dish. This addition of 10Ml of deionized water continued until the .63% concentration solution. For the 0% concentration poetry dish no fuel was placed instead pure ionized water was used. Once each dish had there respective concentrations and seeds a second sheet of filter paper was placed and were wrapped with parafilm and set aside for next week.The synthesizing of the boidesiel was conducted after the poetry dishes in which Each of the methods in the lab was conducted through the

Methanol, or wood alcohol (CH3OH), could be a predominant solvent for chemical industrially, it's a wonderful solvent with sensible capability and physical properties like low melting point, that makes it a decent refrigerant, and it's thought-about and utilised as immaculate artificial fuel. The chemical identity of alcohol was established within the nineteenth century, and therefore the 1st business plant for the alcohol synthesis was designed by BASF in 1923. the method concerned alcohol synthesis from synthesis gas utilizing a Cr chemical compound /zinc chemical compound catalyst at temperature of 300 °C and pressure of 200 atm. This method is nonetheless kenned as aggressive synthesis of alcohol (CH3OH) (Sunggyu 1990).The numbers of amendments

Ethanol fuel is typically just made from plant biomass by pretreatment, fermentation, and distillation, which is very much the same way that beer and liquors are produced.

This is proof that it is crucial to begin to create biofuels that have a lesser negative impact that can sustain the energy demands that we have today. Currently, as seen in the table, microbes have been proven to produce ethanol, biodiesel and hydrogen, which are all sources that can be used for producing renewable fuels. One of the various types of ethanol produced are C5 alcohols also referred to as isopentenols and other 5 branched carbon alcohols. As Connor and Liao suggest “Higher chain alcohols (C3–C5) contain a high energy density, and are compatible with the current infrastructure as they are less hygroscopic. These alcohols (iso-propanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, isobutanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, isopentenol) can be blended with gasoline and also have potential to be used as replacements, as 1-butanol has already been shown to perform well in conventional gasoline engines” (Connor; Liao, 2009). There is some controversy about how current biofuels are not efficient at low temperature; however, FABCEs and BFABCEs have low freezing points, which can allow for the biofuel to have greater performance (Tao et. al, 2015).

Biodiesel is essentially diesel that made from renewable resources. Biodiesel is not used very much in America, however in countries in Southeast Asian are embracing this alternative fuel source. Biodiesel can be made from a variety of biological organisms such as corn, grass, or fats. “Biodiesel has a net energy balance of 2.8, with a range of -0.27 to +5.3 based on different assumptions for how to assign energy usage and by-products.”