Biogas Advantages And Disadvantages

Photosynthesis and cell respiration are some of the two most important biological processes that organisms go through. Photosynthesis is the biological process plants undergo to convert light energy into chemical energy. In chloroplasts the chlorophyll act as catalysts for this process. The process uses carbon dioxide (CO2) and Water (H2O) in order to produce glucose (C6H1206) and oxygen (02). Thus, it is read as 6CO2 + 6H2O —> C6H12O6 + 6O2. Photosynthesis is split into two different processes. The first process is light Dependent meaning i uses energy being absorbed to break down and molecules at a rapid photosynthetic rate. The second process is Light Independent meaning it uses ATP and NADH absorbed during when light was present to breakdown glucose instead. Therefore, Healthy plants are green because Chlorophyll absorbs red and blue light, but reflects green light signifying stored light.Some Anaerobic bacteria undergo photosynthesis meaning it can’t grow in oxygen and uses Carbon Dioxide and other substances like hydrogen sulfide to photosynthesis. In general all plants need Carbon Dioxide. (Ensminger, 2014)

After performing with carbohydrates, we performed same steps by adding different pollutants. The amount of CO2 produced in this case is less.

There are two kinds of aspects in this case, one is the current cleaning process and the other is the new cleaning process.

A 10 g of fresh soil in 100 mL conical flask was incubated under anaerobic condition with an addition of different solutions. The solutions consisted of 1 g/L of chloramphenicol for four treatments, 1) distilled water (Ctrl), 2) glucose of 300 mg C/L (+C), 3) KNO3 of 50 mg N/L (+N), and 4) glucose of 300 mg C/L + KNO3 of 50 mg N/L (+C+N). The flasks were evacuated and flushed four times with N2 to ensure anaerobic conditions, and acetylene (C2H2) gas was added to a final concentration of 10% (10 kPa) in the headspace. Gas was sampled after 24, 36 and 72 h using syringe and directly analysed for N2O concentration by chromatography with ECD. DEA were calculated from the linear increasing of N2O production against the

48 - Cleaning process can be viewed as a combination of several interactions; chemical, mechanical and

Due to diverse composition of the wastewater, which can be high concentrations of volatile organic compounds, chemicals, and materials of radioactivity. (Chameides, 2011) This diverse composition of wastewater can disrupt the natural operation of municipal treatment plants by inhibiting biological treatment. Additionally, the wastewater may facilitate the formation of harmful disinfection by products. Hence the need for specialized treatment plants for the oil and gas industry. (Maloney & Yoxtheimer, 2012) These specialized treatment plants will customarily be made up of 4 subcategories, “Metals Treatment and Recovery,” “Oils Treatment and Recovery,” “Organics Treatment and Recovery,” and “Multiple Waste streams.” (“Natural Gas Extraction – Hydraulic Fracturing | US EPA”,

The best cleaning effect is obtained by employing cloth filters. However, normal cloth filters are very sensitive to the gas temperature. In the case of wood or agricultural waste gasification, the dew-point of the gas will be around 70 C. Below this temperature water will condense in the filters, causing obstruction of the gas flow and an unacceptable

opposed to anaerobic due to oxygen. Since oxygen has a much higher reduction potential than the

Scrubbing Carbon Dioxide Lab By: Ryan Cargie Partner: Isabel Brandt December 10, 2015 Introduction: **see works cited page for websites Currently, in order to get the energy from coal you must burn the coal which is a dirty process. To get the energy, one grinds the coal into a fine powder and then it is burned in the air which produces steam and it can then be used for energy. This process often creates the pollutant nitrogen oxide and in addition carbon dioxide which is hard to isolate because of the small amount of it that is produced in the exhaust. Recently there have been two new discoveries on ways to reduce this dirtiness and the pollution created from the burning.

For over forty years now, scientists and researchers have been tirelessly searching for an alternative to fossil fuels. Biofuels have become an interesting contender in the search for the replacement of the non-renewable energy source. Biofuels have been used throughout history for over thousands of years. There is a large debate over biofuels and its true impact on the environment. Those involved in the discussion debating whether biofuels have any real overwhelming benefits compared to fossil fuels could argue for its usage. According to recent research performed by the University of Michigan, biofuels may not be the best alternative for fossil fuels. Regardless of its impact on the environment, biofuels are becoming more popular particularly when the price of oil rises.

To address this problem, Fuyuhiko Inagaki along with his research team at Kanazawa University disclose a group of amines that absorb carbon dioxide but not water, possibly decreasing the amount of energy that is needed to run the scrubbing process. Inagaki and his colleagues, who are all medicinal chemists, created the amines while trying to produce a dry stream of carbon dioxide from air for use as a constituent for

From researching the most important parameters it has shown that all parameters are linked together in turn affecting each other and in turn affecting the AD efficiency. An AD system should be operated carefully controlled and closely monitored so to create optimal conditions for the bacteria to grow, these factors should be considered when designing and operating the digester. For the two main digestion process mesophilic and thermophilic it was found that different values are required for certain parameter such as temperature and pH values which depends mainly on the feedstock used in the AD process, from researching different reports there are no specific set figures for the values of the parameters as they vary slightly from report to report and depends on the use and desired outcome of the AD process. Parameters such as volatile solids, nutrients & toxics and carbon to nitrogen ratio show the importations of monitoring the mixture of feedstock in the digester and feedstock being fed into the digester

The biochemical reactions that take place in anaerobic ponds are the same as those occurring in anaerobic digesters, with a first phase of acidogenesis and a second slower-rate of methanogenesis. Ambient temperatures in hot-climate countries are conducive to these anaerobic reactions and expected BOD5 removals for different retention times in treating sewage have been given by Mara (1976) as shown in Table 2. More recently, Gambrill et al. (1986) have suggested conservative removals of BOD5 in anaerobic ponds as 40% below 10°C, at a design loading of 100 g/m3d, and 60% above 20°C, at a design loading of 300 g/m3d, with linear interpolation for operating temperature between 10 and 20°C. Higher removal rates are possible with industrial wastes, particularly those containing significant quantities of organic settleable solids. Of course, other environmental conditions in the ponds, particularly pH, must be suitable for the anaerobic microorganisms bringing about the breakdown of BOD.

Bio remediation is a low cost, less hardworking, massively applicable process that is able to remove toxic and unnecessary chemicals, organisms from the environment for the benefit of mankind. This is applicable for the use of both animals and plants. But, it’s main advantage is for human. Also, there is a need of having a short treatment time to reduce

The disposal of untreated wastewater coming from the industries into the water bodies will pollute the water bodies because of its high concentrations. So, the wastewater produced from the industry should be treated properly to meet the permissible limits given by central and state pollution control boards. Therefore it is necessary to treat the wastewater properly with the help of an appropriate treatment plant. However, the treatment plant even though properly planned may not work satisfactory because of several reasons. Hence, it is essential to evaluate the treatment plant considering individual treatment unit in the entire treatment flow. In the present work emphasis has been given to the study of the performance of treatment facilities because of its importance in the conventional treatment of wastewater. Hence, the literature review related to the evaluation of the entire treatment process along with biological treatment process particularly suspended growth process Activated Sludge Process (ASP), attached growth process Trickling Filter (TF) and a combination of the both suspended and attached growth process Hybrid Reactor (HR) is presented in the following sections of this chapter.