Biogen Analysis

As faculty members, there should not be any form of restriction to how much they can contribute to biotechnology companies since it is their invention on trial. However for effectiveness, they need to work closely with experts from the biotechnology companies to create a device that fully meets patients or people’s needs for both commercial and medical potential.

Biotech companies’ values are primarily driven by intellectual property, they do not need to rely much on their suppliers. These companies also have relatively easy access to sources of raw materials (such as chemicals), scientific tools, computers and testing equipment.

Improvements in health care and life sciences are an important source of gains in health and longevity globally. The development of innovative pharmaceutical products plays a critical role in ensuring these continued gains. To encourage the continued development of new drugs, economic incentives are essential. These incentives are principally provided through direct and indirect government funding, intellectual property laws, and other policies that favor innovation. Without such incentives, private corporations, which bring to market the vast majority of new drugs, would be less able to assume the risks and costs necessary to continue their research and development (R&D). In the United States, government action has focused on creating the environment that would best encourage further innovation and yield a constant flow of new and innovative medicines to the market. The goal has been to ensure that consumers would benefit both from technological breakthroughs and the competition that further innovation generates. The United States also relies on a strong generic pharmaceutical industry to create added competitive pressure to lower drug prices. Recent action by the Administration and Congress has accelerated the flow of generic medicines to the market for precisely that reason. By contrast, in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and

U.S. based companies hold rights to most of the world’s rights on new medicines and holds thousands of new products currently being developed. As of 2012, the industry helps support almost 3.4 million jobs in the U.S. economy. It is also one of the most heavily R&D based industries in the world. In the United States, the environment for pharmaceuticals is much friendlier than other countries around the world in terms of pricing ability and regulations. Both the Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology industries have experienced significant growth in the past year with year-over-year increases of 13.02% and 34.69% respectively. It is an even more striking when looking at the past five years considering both have beat out the S&P 500 with pharmaceuticals increasing an additional 31.44% and the biotechnology sector besting an astonishing 269.3% more return than the

prescription drugs, which will play a big role in the increase of profits for pharmaceutical

Technical risk, a large portion of all development costs are spent on drugs that never reach the market.

The high prices set by pharmaceutical companies for drugs allows the companies to continue researching, developing, and producing new drugs. As new diseases are discovered, new medications must be discovered in order to treat them.

The implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) will propel changes that were on the horizon for pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms. Pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries knew there was going to be some type of healthcare reform so they began to take the necessary precautions to prepare. The ACA had key provisions related to the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry affecting Medicare and Medicaid. Legislation in the ACA will reduce cost for brand name prescriptions (Rx); this will reduce drug cost for patients, but increase rebates and discounts for pharmaceutical and biotechnology firms, therefore, imposing cost on the firms. The pharmaceutical and biotech industry was key in creating legislation for the ACA, according to CMS (2009), “despite

Product Development, which has to do with pre-clinical trials and clinical studies. Manufacturing, which has to do with production and final manufacturing for the market. Also, Marketing and sales, which is based on distributing products and marketing to consumers. Altogether this plays the industries role in the economy because it focuses on caring for our environment for businesses focusing mainly in life and health science. according to http://www.ncglobaleconomy.com/biotechnology/overview.shtml in 2001-2010 the economy experienced the highest job growth rate which was %23.5. Biotechnology has opened i=up many jobs to people in our economy for example; pharmaceuticals, research, testing and medical labs, agricultural feedstock and chemicals vigorous growth. labor market, international trade and policy, is something that has factored into Biotechnology throughout the national economy. As stated: " Biotech patent holders engage in some/multiple form(s) of international business, ensuring patent protections are upheld and that the authenticity of patents are legitimized at national and international levels remains of crucial importance to the industry." patent tend to be an importance in the Biotechnology industries globally around the world. Also, At both the national and international level, IP protection is the prime public policy issue for the biotech industry. Outsourcing has shown a growth around the world in trade with countries out side of themselves. Concluding that the Biotech manufacturing going on around the world globally and

There are several rewards to consider with expansion of Biocon. Currently in India, there is a growing market for contract research organization and the growth of Biocon falls right within this opportunity. The growth is expected to last for more than few years with a rate that looks promising. Clinigene is expected to reap revenues much higher than the current Biocon and Syngene combined (Kalegaonkar A., Nov 4, 2008). It will take clinical studies to a higher level with better options in terms of drug manufacturing. With other countries ready to outsource the service of clinical studies, Clinigene’s future looks bright.

The process of life has always intrigued me. From the abundance of technology being created every day to new cures battling new diseases, the world of biology is continually changing. I have always dreamt of being part of a field whose main purpose is to help others and to improve the world around us; to me that is Biotechnology. Biotechnology is the field for future innovations that benefits an individual, but also the society.

Biotechnology is a broad term. Basically, it is the “tools and techniques [opening] new research avenues for discovering how healthy bodies work and what goes wrong when problems arise”(Siedler para. 1). It covers controversial technology and procedure, like genetic engineering and gene therapy. It is controversial because it can affect everyone(Jeremy para. 16). As a consequence, the development of biotechnology has been a “slow, quiet progress”(Kirsner para. 3) because society may or may not recognize the repercussion of it. However, scientist like Smith- a previous chief for the Cambridge biotech company, Genzyme- continues to develop biotechnology(para. 1). Because biotechnology can be controversial, yet scientist continues to develop it;

Introduction AstraZeneca PLC (AstraZeneca, AZN:NYSE, AZN:LSE) is one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world. It was formed in 1999 from the merger of Sweden’s Astra AB and UK’s Zeneca Group plc. Core Activities AstraZeneca is engaged in the discovery, development, manufacturing and marketing of prescription pharmaceuticals and biological products for important areas of healthcare: Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, Infection, Neuroscience, Oncology, and Respiratory and Inflammation. One of the key benefits of the merger between Astra and Zeneca is seen as their portfolio of new products in development: AstraZeneca call this their 'product pipeline'.

The research and development of the pharmaceutical industry is very important as the industry relies on it to develop new products to maintain and sustain the growth of the industry (ALRC 2014). According to the Australian Government Law Reform Commission, every year, the total spending in research and development in pharmaceutical industry, which includes drug discovery, pre-clinical testing and clinical trials on drugs is around $300 million (ALRC 2014). Mergers and acquisitions are intensifying in the global pharmaceutical industry, especially over the last 10 years. With factors like exorbitant research and development costs, the relatively shorter product life cycles, and the rarity of discovering a new life-changing drug acting as catalysts, leading pharmaceutical companies now have more cause to step out and look for external collaboration. This results in an increasing number of smaller biotechnology companies merging with bigger pharmaceutical companies (The

Although R&D has been retained by the large pharmaceutical firms, there has been a continuous decline in the R&D productivity. Controlling R&D is imperative to the success of a Pharmaceutical firm. However, as the pharmaceutical industry is maturing, there are diminishing returns to the R&D investment. Fewer and fewer blockbuster drugs are being discovered and therefore R&D is not the most value adding component in the value