Biol Exam 1st Yr

All codon codes are for an amino acid. when a codon is read, a corresponding amino acid is starting to be utilized . tRNA molecules holds two ends: one end has a binding site for particular amino acids and the other one has a specific sequence of nucleotides, the anticodon bases pair with codons.

In my social psychology class, there was a recent examination given to the class. It was the mid-term examination. For the mid-term examination, the class was instructed to read chapter's 1-6 in the text book. The class was also instructed to study for the exam by reviewing the lecture notes. In this paper I will focus on a few questions I answered incorrectly on my mid-term examination.

In eukaryotes, stored primarily in the cell nucleus. A nucleic acid using deoxyribose rather than ribose.

B) Seasonal fluctuation of temperature is not a limiting factor in biome distribution if areas have the same annual temperature and precipitation means.

B. In biological systems if a cell is placed into a salt solution in which the salt concentration in thesolution is lower than in the cell, the solution is said to be hypotonic. Water will move from the solution into the cell, causing lysis of the cell. In other words, the cell will expand to the point where it bursts.

2. A hypertonic solution will cause the cell to shrink because more particles are in the solution and not in the cell.

Test taking is one of the most nerve-racking things for most people. Most of the time tests can either make or break your grade, especially if it's worth majority of your grade. That fact that one piece of paper can show how much knowledge you have attained is very scary. In my experience of test-taking, I have found out that I get nervous about tests. The first AP Biology test of the year was no exception. To prepare for the test I studied for hours on end, when the day of the test finally came I went to the review session and took the test, and then the day after I was pleased with my results.

Exercise 1: Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability: Activity 3: Simulating Osmotic Pressure Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. Which of the following is true of osmosis? You correctly answered: c. It is a type of diffusion. 2. Which of the following occurs when a hypertonic solution is added to cells? You correctly answered: d. The cells shrink. 3. The variable that affects osmotic pressure is You correctly answered: a. the concentration of nondiffusing solutes. 4. The net movement of water would be into the cell in a You correctly answered: b. hypotonic solution.

D) The number of bacteria present would increase due to an increase in the carbon dioxide concentration.

Exercise 1: Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability: Activity 2: Simulated Facilitated Diffusion Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 100% by answering 4 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. Molecules need a carrier protein to help them move across a membrane because You correctly answered: d. they are lipid insoluble or they are too large. 2. Which of the following is true of facilitated diffusion? You correctly answered: c. Movement is passive and down a concentration gradient. 3. Examples of solutes that might require facilitated diffusion include You correctly answered: d. all of the above. 4. Which of the following would not affect the rate of facilitated diffusion? You correctly answered: a. the amount of intracellular ATP

On December 10, 2015, three profound individuals received the Nobel Prize in chemistry for their work on DNA repair systems. Paul Modrich, Thomas Lindahl, and Aziz Sancar studied how the cell repairs and protects the information held in its DNA; specifically, Paul Modrich focused on DNA mismatch repair. Since DNA constantly replicates, damage and incorrect pairings are expected, but enzymes watch over DNA as it replicates and repair any errors that occur. In the mismatch repair system, enzymes find the mismatch in the copy of DNA, cut the incorrect section out, and replace it with the correct sequence. Paul Modrich’s study of the mismatch repair system has provided the medical field with important information regarding cancer growth and the possibility of a cure.

According to another study, plasma membranes becomes more fluid and permeable when exposed to a higher

In its most extreme form, a mutation may completely disable an essential gene, causing a microbe to die instantly. The growth rate of it’s lineage instantly drops to zero. But mutations don’t have to be lethal to negative fitness. This only has to lower the bacteria's growth rate. The mutations then may cause a microbe to grow more slowly, as an example to become more vulnerable to a virus. Over the course of many generations, microbes with these mutations will have fewer offspring and become less and less common. It will be replaced completely by other strains of microbes.

Somatic mutations in cancer genes that drive neoplastic transformation and increase the risk of tumorigenesis have received justified attention from medical researchers in recent decades due to their roles in cancer progression. Mutation-driven evolutionary selection of certain house-keeping genes, such as oncogenes, have been implicated in cancer development due to the disruptive effects that aberrant function has on important cellular processes like cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair. In contrast, the contributions that somatic mutation patterns accumulated during the individual’s lifetime over the genome stemming from DNA damage and repair on cancer development has only begun to be explored. These “passenger” mutations exhibit

cells can be poured into lumen tubules, thereby reducing the flow of tubule fluids and exacerbating