Biopsychosocial Model

The issues women faced, demonstrates the influence of family structures. The relation of socioeconomic status in race and ethnicity is looked upon as a strong association to sexual behavior. The length of time parents communicating sexual issues, have shown a significant role in adolescences. The repetition of sexuality virtues impacts gendered sexual expectations. Mothers teach their daughters, the importance of being a virgin until marriage. Lopez states, “Women construct premarital virginity as a commodity that can be rated in a patriarchal society for financial stability and happiness via marriage” (pg. 222). Maintaining premarital virginity represents stability and happiness. With virginity specifies, mothers are over protected towards their daughters. Mothers strive to protect their daughters from gendered inequalities. Gender expectations represents the inequality

The biopsychosocial framework help us understand whether a child is developing on track with their age delayed by “one useful way to organize the biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces on human development” (Kail and Cavanaugh, 2016, p. 8). The biopsychosocial framework works is useful by helping understand what forces affect the development that consists of biological forces, psychological forces, sociocultural forces and lifecycle forces. These are really important to the child development to track with their age or delayed if any. Biological forces are based on the genetic and health related that might affect the development. Psychological forces are based on the cognitive, emotional and personality

This essay will focus on a patient diagnosed with Deliruim.it will adopt the biopsychosocial model to explore how the diagnosis affects the patient’s quality of life. Confidentiality will be maintained throughout this essay to adhere to the Nursing and midwifery council (NMC,2015) code of conduct, which states in section 5 that nurses or midwives owe a duty of confidentiality for all those receiving care. Therefore, patient chosen will not be known by real name but will be given a pseudonym throughout this essay. A holistic approach will be used in this essay to discuss the biological, social and psychological impacts of both health issues.

The Biopsychosocial model (BPS) was established in the early 1970s as a replacement for the biomedical approach created by George Engel (1977). He had argued against the reductionist biomedical model of disease for not considering the behavioural, psychological and social dimensions in the model (Jull, 2017). Wade and Halligan, (2016) had established that biomedical remains as the dominant healthcare approach. The aim of BPS is to integrate the biological factors with psychological and environmental factors, Engel (1977) suggested that the biopsychosocial model of illness has a significant role in the functioning of humans in terms of disease or illness and can make medicine more scientific and should be adopted into psychiatry research (Adler, 2009). Davies and Roache, (2017) established that the model was exceedingly determined, recommending new details for practices as well as a non-reductive advocate for mental illness.

“Don’t treat the disease, treat the patient” [9]. The concept of health has seemed to become complex in definition over the centuries as science improves. “Health is a complete state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.”-World Health Definition of Health (1948) [9]

In the world of Psychology, there is a possibility you will encounter a plethora of individuals with varying diagnoses. In regards to heath psychology, this discipline focuses not only on the psychological aspects of an individual but also the social and biological aspects that contribute to diseases and its prevention. (Dunn & Miley, 2014) Additionally, studying health psychology has contributed to the improvement of health promotion programs, treatment models and initiation of health policies. (Dunn & Miley, 2014)

Within this assignment, it will discuss the case study which looks at ‘Jane’ whom is 34 and has a diagnosis of Bipolar disorder. A Mental Health Nurse (MHN) should utilise the case study to discuss the knowledge and skills required to plan and evaluate person-centred care. The essay will reference to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) Code of Conduct (2015) and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) which has clear guidelines for high quality care. The essay will also discuss the principles in which a nurse should implement person centred care and its importance.

In efforts to treat a client similar to my brother diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder, goals, objectives and interventions would need to be implemented. According to his biopsychosocial case conceptualization, the key components that are triggering his behavioral, cognitive, emotional struggles are based on his relationship with himself and the world. His maladaptive cognitions are enmeshed with fear, loneliness, abandonment, stupidity, and worthlessness (low self-esteem). His maladaptive behavior consists of isolation (anti-social), insomnia, anger outbursts and abusing alcohol on a daily basis. My brother maladaptive behaviors are being reinforced by lack of social skills, assertive/resolution skills, problem-solving skills, relaxation

Teen pregnancy is a controversial issue that Americans are facing in society today. The problematic behavior that comes along with teen pregnancy is a cultural phenomenon that exists on many domains. A bulk of the teenage population is starting to believe that teen pregnancy is customary and okay. A persons’ background has a lot to say about how weakly or strongly this norm is enforced. Although it is difficult to get a full variation of pregnancy norms in high schools across the nation, the three main aspects that influence teen pregnancy are race, religion, and social status.

According to the Biomedical model ,health constitute the freedom, from disease ,pain ,or defect ,making the normal condition “Healthy” .The model’s focus on the physical process (for example ,pathology ,biochemistry and physiology of disease) does not take into account the role of social factors or individual subjectivity .

Parenting at any age can be challenging, but it can be particularly difficult for adolescent parents. In 2014, just over 249,000 babies were born to teen girls between the ages of 15 and 19 (Scott, 2016). I find it difficult at times to be a mother of two small babies as an adult so I can’t imagine being a teen with a baby. I was raised by a single mother who was a teen mother at the age of 17. My mom would tell stories of how she had to miss school because there was no babysitter to watch my brother so she eventually had to drop out of school due to poor attendance. Society has the ability to help prevent teen parenting by educated the younger generation. Recent studies have explored strategies to reduce teen childbearing and its associated negative outcomes for parents, children, and society. For example, results from economic analyses suggest that implementing evidence-based teen pregnancy prevention programs, expanding access to Medicaid family planning services, and utilizing mass media campaigns to promote safe sex may reduce teen pregnancy and save taxpayer dollars (Yohalem & Feber 2010). My grandmother was an advocate of teen not having so her outlook was if children practiced adult activities such as having sex then they should be adult enough to take care of their children by themselves. The only certain way to avoid unwanted pregnancies is to abstain from sexual

Pregnancy amongst adolescents is common around the world; however different cultures and different geographical regions have various explanations for teenage pregnancy. This essay will expand and delve into the determinants using elements from The Seedhouse Diagram (1986).

Are teenagers capable of making responsible decisions? Many adults have argued that maturity is dependent on age and experience and, therefore, claims that teenagers do not completely understand the principles of effective decision-making. This claim is supported by the many choices that teenagers have made in the past. For instance, the issue of teenage pregnancy has been of great concern to both men and women in all cultures. Teenage pregnancy has generated intense controversy where some feel strongly that teenage pregnancy can lead to many complications and health risks because of their undeveloped bodies, while others firmly advocate that teens are capable of making healthy lifestyle choices. Random surveys were conducted on women who experienced motherhood at a very young age to reveal the outcomes of young parents and their children. The findings of these surveys provided information that was shocking to the public and increased the demand of preventing teenage pregnancies. Certainly, teenage pregnancy should be prevented because it places teenagers at a higher risk of developing medical complications, discourage teens from pursuing a higher education, and places a huge responsibility on teenagers who are not completely ready or are able to accept.

Raising young teenagers in today’s society is difficult at best. Although the majority of parents aim to raise their children the right way, outside influences and pressures play a role in their child’s decision-making. For instance, promiscuity among adolescents is a constant issues most parents worry about during this stage of development. Teens are learning about sex from friends, movies, and television shows where it is glamorized and seen as something fun and exciting. What they negate to show is the negative aspects of premarital sex, and what comes with making such an important decision before marriage or even prior to reaching the proper maturity level. As a result, instead of focusing on their high school education, they are instead dealing with teen pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and other negative consequences that follow risky sexual behavior at an early age. Kearney and Levine (as cited by Whalen & Loper, 2013) suggest that, “Despite recent decreases in the rate of teenage pregnancy and increased prevention efforts, the Unites States continues to have the highest rate of teenage births of any industrialized country” (p. 347).Educating teens early may not always prevent them from choosing to engage in sexual behaviors; however, they will be better informed of the risks that come along with making these decisions, and hopefully will cause them to think before they act.

"Teen pregnancy in the United States: In 2015, a total of 229,715 babies were born to women aged 15-19 years old, for a birth rate of 22.3 per 1,000 women in this age group. This is another record for U.S. teens and a drop of 8% from 2014. Although reasons for the declines are not totally clear, evidence suggests these declines are due to more teens abstaining from sexual activity, and more teens who are sexually active using birth control than in previous years. Still, the U.S. teen pregnancy rate is substantially higher than in other western industrialized nations, and racial/ethnic and geographic disparities in teen birth rates persist (cdc.gov)." As teenagers (in the United States), we are peer pressured or tempted to try new things. Some teens tend to try out drugs, and alcohol. However, some are having unprotected sex in which, is leads to having babies. This is called, teenage pregnancy. This has caused the United States to create records based off of the statistics and facts given from, researchers across the United States. In order to help prevent teenage pregnancy in the United States, teenagers must understand why, having a baby now isn’t such a smart move on their part.