Biotechnology And Global Health : Genome Sequencing

We are DNA. We are made from tiny ladder like molecules called Deoxyribonucleic Acid, also known as DNA. DNA is six feet long, wrapped around itself many times to make a chromosome, which fits into the nucleus of a cell forty-six times. This amount encodes to around twenty-three thousand genes. Each gene has a different line up of letters. These letters are read in three letter intervals called codons. Codons have the specific instructions to create a certain protein based on the order of the three letters. Each gene has seven codons, which make seven proteins that are held together by peptide bonds. The seven proteins, when connected create a chain called a polypeptide chain. DNA is the most complex piece of humans because of its function,

Genetic engineering has already started to be most helpful in the field of medicine. The map of the human genome offers many cures and potentially successful medical procedures. By creating artificial chromosomes, scientists may be able to replace diseased inherited traits with functional ones. Determining the genetic make up of viruses such as the HIV virus that

Each person has approximately 100,000 billion cells in their body (Hartwell, Hunt, & Nurse, 2001) and each of these cells has a nucleus. In each cell’s nucleus there are chromosomes that are made up of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that make up of strands of genes and the genes are the coding or blue print of all our traits and features. One set of genes come from a person’s mother while the other set come from the persons father. The genes determine traits and features a person has such as eye color, hair color, and being able to roll your tongue. The set of genes that are inherited from each parent can either be dominant or recessive (Ignatavicius, D., & Workman, M., 2013). Dominate traits can be inherited from just one parent while recessive

What is DNA? - DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid according to Genetic Home reference is the hereditary in humans and all other organisms. The website said that nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. They say that most DNA is located in the cell’s nucleus, but smaller amounts of DNA can be found in the mitochondria. They said that DNA bases pair up with each other. “A” or adenine goes with “T” or Thymine and “G” or guanine goes with “C” or cytosine. These pairs are called base pairs. According to genetics home reference an important property of DNA is that it can replicate, or make copies of itself. Your Genome said “DNA is a long molecule that contains our unique genetic code. Like a recipe book it holds instructions for making all the protein in our bodies.” They

DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) is a nucleic acid that has many names, each representing the phases that it undergoes (chromosomes, chromatin, genes/alleles); it resides in the nucleus (bound by 2 *phospholipid bilayers) of almost every cell in the body (red blood cells being an exception). DNA (your genotype) is double stranded and is responsible for replicating (from 46 to 92) during Interphase, so that mitosis can make new cells, repairing and allowing for growth in the body. It is also responsible for transcription and translation, a series of processes that allows for the genotype to become a phenotype (what you look like and metabolic processes). DNA is ~ 2 M long, and yet fits into a cell that is ~ 100 µM in size! Simple

All the characteristics of a human is held in a nucleus and formed into a band like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome stands for a different trait you acquired, you will also have one set from your mom and one

This genetic material is found in the centre structure (known as the nucleus) of a cell. The human body is made up of millions of cells, in each cell there are 46 chromosomes - half from the mother and half from the father. out of the 46 chromosomes there are 23 pairs, one of these pairs - pair number 23 - are the sex chromosomes which determines the infants sex - XX female, XY male. The other 22 pairs are known as autosomes. These pairs are known as homologous chromosomes since they contain genes for the characteristics which are the same size and length. Gametes - sex cells - only contain one chromosome from each homologous pair, hence contain the haploid number (N).The allele - different versions of the same gene - pair for each characteristics is called the genotype, whereas the physical expression of the allele is the phenotype. Some alleles are dominate and some are recessive, the dominate gene always gets past on. A genetic disorder is a disease or condition caused by an absent or detective gene or a chromosomal aberration such as Down syndrome. - Reference

One good point, people often bring up is Dr. Venter’s Human Genome Project. To better explain, Dr. Venter and scientists at the National Institutes of Health recently

Within the nucleus, chromosomes containing genetic information form. Each chromosome contains strands of DNA. Shorter sections of the DNA are called genes. Humans have 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs, which are used to create a child from the parent’s chromosomes. 23 from the mother and 23 from the father are shared. The chromosomes occur in pairs, which have the same shape and size, though they will vary from the other chromosomes attained. Within each pair, one from the mother and the other from the father. The chromosomes carry genes, which cater for a particular feature; therefore, we have two genes fore every single characteristic within our body. If both of the genes attained are the same, then it is considered a dominant gene. Whereas, if

There are about 20,000 genes located on one of the 23 chromosome pairs found in the nucleus or on long strands of DNA located in the mitochondria. DNA consists of a chain made from four types of nucleotide subunits, each composed of a five carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and one of the four bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. Genes are simply short regions of DNA which code for either a protein or RNA molecule. Every cell in your body contains DNA, which is the genetic code for your body, exists as two long, paired strands spiraled into a double helix called a

This nucleic acid composes chromosomes that are packaged and organized structures containing most of the DNA of a living organism. Most of the eukaryotic cells have a set of chromosomes (46 in humans) with the genetic material spread among them. These chromosomes carry the genes in a linear order: the human species

DNA is also known Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the carrier of genetic info. The distinctive characteristics or qualities of someone or something come from DNA. It is regarded as unchangeable. Nearly every cell in a person’s body has the same DNA. A small tiny amount of DNA can also be found in the cell’s mitochondria. Dna is made up of four chemical bases: A,T,C,G. Human DNA consists of 3 million different bases. Each base is also attached to a sugar molecule and a phosphate molecule. Dna can also copy and replicate itself. One strand of DNA is known as the double-helix. It has rungs, just like a ladder. When cells divide, each new cell needs a copy of DNA from the old cell.

Each cell in the human body has the same exact genetic material, with a few exceptions, and yet each cell does something different than all the other cells. Contained within the nucleus, the entire genome can be found, and within the genome, there is all the information needed to construct a specific organism. The genome is composed of deoxyribose nucleic acids, also called DNA, which breaks down into smaller units called genes. A gene has a specific sequence of adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine molecules that will code for a specific polypeptide. Polypeptides can then go on to become proteins for the cell to use. The genome is the same in every cell, but with about 200 different cell types, there must be something telling the

The human genome is composed of the DNA in chromosomes, that contains the complete genetic material of a human. Genes, information that is stored

Gene is a small unit of molecule which is a living organism. It has commonly known as DNA (deoxyribonucleic Acid) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA). There is a long chain which works for its functioning. We see that all the living creatures have DNA which separates the identity of two individuals. There are better to examine all the information and maintain the cells and traits of a creature. These genes are related with the regions which are regulatory along with transcribed. They provide with better functionalities as well. Every cell contained in the human body is mainly featured or inherited from the parents and genes helps in differentiating the both. Considering and observing the chromosomes closely, we see that there is a big