Black Hole Research Paper

The first black hole was discovered in 1971 and John Wheeler, an American astronomer, coined the term black hole in 1967 (“Black Holes: Facts”). Black holes are formed out of pieces of a star that have exploded in a supernova explosion (“Black Holes – NASA”). They are also formed when two stars have a stellar collision

Black holes should probably not be called black holes. In fact, black holes are anything but empty space. Black holes are a great amount of matter packed and squeezed into a very small area. The result of this amount of matter squeezed into a small area results in a gravitational field so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape.

“Black holes are perhaps the most exotic objects to impinge on the cosmic consciousness. They are formed when matter such as that from a dying massive star collapses in calamitously under its own gravity. forming a region of space in which the gravitational is so strong that it swallows all matter and radiation that come near it.” - Christopher Reynolds (Anderson, 2010).

After a huge star collapses, it crushes spacetime around it and creates the illusion of bent spacetime. However, the crushed spacetime works just like if it were warped. So not only are black holes a singularity in space, they are crushed spacetime that functions as warped

Of course, as intriguing as a black hole’s effects within in and around galaxies could be, we must also keep in mind that some theorists believe black holes are responsible for producing, Dark Matter. As stated by the “The Gale Encyclopedia of Science”, in their article, “Dark matter”, Dark matter is, “material that does not emit or reflect light and that is therefore invisible” (The Gale Encyclopedia of Science). Scientists believe dark matter and black holes are in relation, because recent studies done by Russian astrophysicists Vyacheslav Dokuchaev and Yury Eroshenko, institute that, “dark matter could be made of microscopic — or quantum — black hole atoms (Dokuchaev, Eroshenko). In a sense, making it dark, however, as reported by the “World of Scientific Discovery”, in their article, “Dark matter”, “dark matter does not behave like ordinary matter, such as dust or gas, which leaves traces by emitting, deflecting, or absorbing electromagnetic radiation” (World of Scientific

Without knowing the existence of black holes, we would still be stuck with many unanswered questions concerning physics. The most important one would deal with the correctness of Einstein’s general relativity. When studying cosmology, various equations are used in order to explain the different phenomena that it contains, which are derived from general relativity. With this theory confirmed, all calculations appear more certain and confident. These objects are fairly important as they are one of the least understood by humans because they depict laws of physics that appear completely different from elsewhere in the universe, but, with study, can be more understood. Being completely invisible, it becomes very difficult to observe and study them. However, astronomers continue to develop different methods to do so. The question that remains is: What exactly is a black hole? How do they work and abide to the laws of physics? Simple answer, black holes are regions in space containing gravitational fields so strong that even light cannot escape them. As a result, they absorb anything that comes close and becomes trapped by its grip. Black holes come in various forms and sizes, which work differently depending on their properties. These properties, such as mass, charge and angular momentum, help in defining black holes and it is using this that it is possible to derive the math to understand them.

[9] He preceded on that instead of having objects disappearing into a black hole with no trace, he announced he believed that black holes can preserve information from objects swallowed up. "If you jump into a black hole, your mass energy will be returned to our universe, but in a mangled form, which contains the information about what you were like, but in an unrecognizable state." Hawking stated.[10] This tells us that nothing has ever completely disappeared in a black hole. Any objects that are sucked into black holes are completely mangled, but don't disappear. “He stunned the world with his findings about hawking radiation” a newspaper title read. [11]This theory also solved a lot of mysteries that have happened in space. It helped other scientists such as Roger Penrose continuing on with there other types of research so they could discover other new things now with this

There are two types of black holes that exist in our universe. The first one being the Schwarzschild black hole which happens to be the simplest one of the two. This black hole is considered the simplest because its core does not rotate which means the black hole is completely stable at all times of the day. The next black hole is the Kerr black hole, which happens to be the most common in nature. This black hole in contrast to the Schwarzschild black hole does indeed rotate. When the rotating star dies out and collapses, the core continues to rotate and therefore, that carries over to the black hole. Scientists believe that the smallest black holes formed when the actual universe formed and began. They also have been led to believe that the supermassive black holes that exist in our universe were made at the same time as the galaxy that they

There are three main parts of a black hole, the singularity, the event horizon, and the ergosphere. The singularity of a black hole is a place of infinite density and gravity, space-time curves boundlessly around this point and the laws of physics come to a halt.

If theories of their existence are true, black holes are the most powerful force in the known physical universe. Many people are familiar with the term black hole, but few people actually know anything about them. A black hole forms as a result of a massive star running out of fuel to burn (Chaisson, 193). Once the star is no longer exerting outward force by burning off gases, it begins to collapse under it’s own intense, inward gravity (Chaisson, 193). It is like slowly letting the air out of a balloon.

The black hole, an area of spacetime thats gravity is so strong that it can prevent anything from escaping, even light. Contrary to popular belief, black holes are not empty holes in space, but rather a massive amount of matter packed into a small area. The graphic to the right shows the simulated view of a black hole in front of a Large Magellanic Cloud. The theory of these black holes was conceived in Einstein’s theory of general relativity. It predicts that a plentiful compact mass will contort spacetime and create a black hole. The black hole acts like a perfect black body, in the sense that it reflects no light. The area where the nothing can escape is the event horizon. This event horizon has no features that can be detected from close up, and has huge effects on what will happen to the object that crosses it. Also, according to the to quantum field theory in curved spacetime, an event horizon will emit a black body radiation, also known as Hawking radiation. The graphic to the right shows where the event horizon, and the black hole itself, are located. It also shows the accretion disk, which is formed when matter falls into a black hole and is heated by friction. It is believed that black holes of extreme mass form when giant stars collapse. After this event, its continues to grow by absorbing the mass from its surroundings. The way scientists can tell the age of a black hole is by using the orbits of stars around it. It is believed that supermassive black holes

A black hole displays many rather unique characteristics. First and foremost, there are only three externally measurable properties of a black hole; Mass, electric charge, and, if applicable, rate of rotation (Freudenrich). This is referred to as the no-hair theorem (“Fuzzy Wuzzy”). These three elements form a stable black hole. If these elements are synonymous with any other black hole, the region is not identifiable or distinguishable from a separate entity. The mass of a black hole can be calculated by using a modified version of Kepler’s Third Law of Planetary Motion (Freudenrich). Secondly, black holes follow their own specific rules, called the Four Laws of Black Hole Mechanics (“Properties of Black Holes”). These rules coincide with the rules of thermodynamics, though they are specific to black holes (“Black Hole Thermodynamics”). The Zeroth Law is, “The surface gravity k at the event horizon is constant: it has the same value everywhere on the event horizon (“Properties of Black Holes”).” This means that the event horizon has the same surface gravity across its entire area. The First Law is, “The change in

How a black hole is made commonly when a dying star has a mass greater than 20 times our sun. It may produce a black hole and also when a big stars nuclear waste explodes into a super nova the core of the star collapses on itself then the rest of the mass after the explosion would have to be 3 times the mass of our sun then it would be able to make a black hole.

In order to understand what exactly a black hole is, we must first take a look at the basis for the cause of a black hole. All black holes are formed from the gravitational collapse of a star, usually having a great, massive, core. A star is created when huge, gigantic, gas clouds bind together due to attractive forces and form a hot core, combined from all the energy of the two gas clouds. This energy produced is so great when it first collides, that a nuclear reaction occurs and the gases within the star start to burn continuously. The hydrogen gas is

In simple terms, a black hole is a visually undetectable region of space that exerts a gravitational force so powerful that not even light can escape [Wald 1984, pp. 299–300], thus exhibiting the characteristics of an ideal black body in the sense that it absorbs all the radiation that falls on it [Schutz, Bernard F. (2003). Gravity from the ground up. Cambridge University Press. p. 110]. In addition, all black holes are enveloped by spherical “boundaries” known as “event horizons”, which defines a point from beyond which it is impossible to escape once it is crossed.