Black Wall Street Essay

Almost all Cherokee Indians were involuntary made to pick up and relocate to Oklahoma in the 1800’s. Some Cherokee Indian escaped the Trail of Tears by staying out of site in the Appalachian mountains. The Trail of Tears was the Cherokee name for what the Americans called Indian Removal. During the 1800 's, the US government created an "Indian Territory" in Oklahoma and forced all native american tribes to go live there. The Americans forced Cherokees to move even though many tribes did not agree to this plan.

In the years subsequent to the Civil War, African-Americans experienced little advancement in American society and remained on the bottom of the social pyramid. Immigrants as well as African-Americans believed cities would solve their problems of poverty. As a result of their poor background, an image of inferiority was created by the Anglo- Americans for the ethnic minorities. Document C discusses how the urbanization of Birmingham, Alabama, a southern city, demonstrates the old confederacy as the New South. Suburbs were created in close proximity to the city and this suburbanization established further class distinction between the wealthy elite and the working class, particularly African-Americans. As the wealthy white class moved to suburbs, the African-Americans remained in the industrial city. The purpose of this document is to exemplify such segregation through the suburbanization of southern cities such as Birmingham, which became the most segregated city in

Imagine living in a town that was once thriving with successful businesses to a community that barely exist. As you travel down the deserted roads of your community you are surrounded by boarded up memorable buildings, deteriorating homes, and empty storefronts. The water tower that stands tall for all to see is now covered by rust. While the streets in which you are traveling on show signs of frequent patchwork in an effort to salvage the road. As you pass by what once was your favorite mom and pop’s restaurant you began to reminisce on the time you spent there with loved ones. This has become the story of residents in Boley, Oklahoma; one of the first all black towns in the state.

The Choctaw Indians of Alabama are a band of Indians that managed to remain behind in the outer regions of north Mobile and south Washington counties after their tribal lands were given up to the United States in 1830. Beginning in 1830, the most significant period of their removal from their homelands, the majority of the Choctaw tribe was forced along the Trail of Tears settling on reservation lands in Mississippi and Oklahoma. A small group of about 45 families avoided removal by settling and hiding out in the woods surrounding the small communities of Citronelle, Mt. Vernon, and McIntosh.

By the 1920’s the amount of African Americans in New York City had more than doubled. Meanwhile the roadways and subway system had just begun to reach Harlem, where some of the most influential Blacks had situated themselves. Soon after, Harlem became known as “The Black Mecca” and also as “The Capital of Black America”.

Black Main Street consisted of the section of East Hargett Street between South Wilmington and South Blount streets. The section of East Hargett Street was known as Raleigh’s Black Main Street a center of African American owned businesses during the first part of the 20th century. The Farmers and Mechanics Bank on East Hargett Street financed many African American business ventures starting in the 1920s as the practice of racial segregation pushed African Americans businesses out of others areas in Raleigh. They relocated to the Moore Square District.

Well before large populations of refugees began to arrive in Clarkston, Georgia the town was dominated by a

During the Great Black Migration, which lasted from 1916 to 1970, (“Great Migration”) African Americans left the South for the North because of the increasing demand for factory labor after the burst of the First Industrial Revolution. However, the assignment of African American neighborhoods could not accommodate the big increase of population; “black out-migration from the South surged from 197,000 during 1900-1910 to 525,000 during 1910-1920.” (Massey 573) Therefore, some African Americans ended up in the white neighborhoods, and the residential color line crossing infuriated the white in the North, so antiblack riots happened, and the hatred toward African Americans ended up triggering criminal justice. For instance, one of the reasons why the 1919 Chicago riot happened is that the police got an African American arrested while there was a white person who killed an African American by throwing rocks at him. In order to address the chaos caused by riots addressing African Americans’ residential line crossing, in 1924, the National Association of Real Estate Brokers spoke up by “stating that, ‘a Realtor should never be instrumental in introducing into a neighborhood...members of any race or nationality...whose presence will clearly be detrimental to property values in that neighborhood.’” (Massey 573) Instead of examining the root of black-and-white

Black Wall Street in Greenwood, Oklahoma: The Destruction and Historical Erasure of a Black Ethnic Enclave

Beale Street, which is commonly known as the “heart of Memphis” is one of Memphis’s most famous places to visit and is known for people having a good time. Beale Avenue was established in 1841, by a self-made entrepreneur by the name of Robertson Topp, the name was later changed to Beale Street. Whether it is the mouth watering food venues, wild nightlife, or even the bands playing blues, people are drawn to Beale Street with the expectations to experience a great time. However, Beale Street has not always been home for unforgettable strip of neon lights and local bands, lined with bars and small walk-in eateries. For some, we are unaware of Beales true history, and the exploratory measures that African Americans experienced

Americans from the East were responsible for the removal of the Five Civilized Tribes of the South: the Cherokee, the Choctaw, the Chickasaw, the Creek and the Seminole Peoples to Oklahoma. To deal with this problem, the government sent Indian to Reservations, took Indian lands and paid annuities in return. Even though, Indians tried to negotiate a treat (Treaty of Fort Laramie) that could preserve

90 years ago the Seventh Ward was a historically black neighborhood where churches, stores, and social clubs filled the streets. Violence and extreme poverty was prevalent in the Seventh Ward. W.E.B. Du

Segregation in the north occurred in more subtle ways than in the south, and in order to understand why black neighborhoods in these areas are often so segregated and poorer than white neighborhoods despite the absence of Jim Crow, it is useful to look at the history that has deliberately created this. Racial zoning was not uncommon in the early to mid 20th century, and other zoning practices that didn’t use explicitly racist language obscured their racial implications. For example, different areas were designated as residential, industrial, commercial, etc. and depending on what the area was deemed, different developments and services were provided to them. The white family neighborhoods were deemed first residential and the black neighborhoods were deemed industrial zones. Consequently, pollution creating factories and the construction of undesirable places such as taverns and liquor stores were built there and converted black neighborhoods into slums. Additionally, housing discrimination that made it more difficult for blacks to participate in loan insurance programs more or less excluded them from buying homes and many were limited to living in apartments with rent higher than whites would have to pay for the same space. As a result, more tenants would occupy the same space to make rent which led to overcrowding and pressure to pay rent made it increasingly difficult for blacks to leave

In the 1920s, a vast majority of African Americans flocked to the North. Even though the North still had segregation and inequalities, the South had far less economic opportunities and mostly was involved in the business of Share Cropping which largely caused the fleeing of African Americans, originally. The South still participated in race riots, and the area was just far too dangerous for many blacks to live. Businesses began looking for cheap laborers in which these African Americans were going to provide when migrating from the rural South to the urban cities of the North. The neighborhood

Black Wall Street was a serene place thriving with strong black businesses such as schools, churches, hospitals and entertainment centers. There was such a thing of upper-class African American people in 1920’s sounds unbelievable I know right. According to progessive.org laws were prevented both whites and blacks and whites from living in neighborhoods that were 75% other race so “naturally” segregation fell into place.