Bibliography
Bercuson, D. J. (1999). Blood On The Hills. Toronto; Buffalo; London;: University of Toronto Press.
David Bercuson went to Sir George Williams University and graduated in 1965 with a BA in history. For the highest standing in history. David was awarded the Lieutenant-Governor's Silver. He received an MA and Ph.D. in history while continuing his studies at U of T. David is now a professor at the University of Calgary and is the director the Centre for Military and Strategic Studies for U of C, and programs at the Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute. Based off all of the awards and certifications that David Bercuson has received, it appears that this is a very reliable source. He has written many other literatures on this
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(2008, July 2). An Evolution in Peacekeeping. Retrieved from CIGI: https://www.cigionline.org/articles/2008/07/evolution-peacekeeping
This is a very good source that contains statistics about the number of peacekeepers and in which missions they are participating in. Along with the change in the number of peacekeepers currently on missions. It shows the change in the number of peacekeepers years ago compared to now. Due to the fact that this source is made up of stats, it is hard to place a bias on that. There is no detected bias so it seems as if this is a reliable source that can be used in the essay and will provided a very good base for one of my main topics.
Dorn, A. W. (2013, December 21). Canada evolves from peacekeeper to war-fighter. Retrieved from The Toronto Star: http://www.thestar.com/opinion/commentary/2013/12/21/canada_evolves_from_peacekeeper_to_warfighter.html A. Walter Dorn is a professor of defense studies at the Royal Military College and the Canadian Forces College. He has written this literature for a mature audience based off the level of reading required to understand the text and based off the topic. The article talks about different situations in which Canada has changed from a peace keeper to a war fighter. This information will be extremely useful when writing my essay because it covers many situations in which Canada has evolved from a peacekeeper to a war fighter. There isn't a noticeable bias but there could be one based off the author thinking that Canada is now a war fighter and is no longer a
Canada has grown and matured a lot throughout the past years and has developed a great independent country and nation since she separated from Britain in 1867. For Canada today, she has changed drastically due to what she endured and experienced in the past years. First of all, Canada proved themselves to be autonomous due to their contributions to World War 1 and World War 2 as an independent country. Secondly, Canada has proved themselves to be accepting due to their actions towards the minority groups and creating a just society. Lastly, Canada has proven itself to be dependable due to her role during the cold war as a middle power. Therefore, Canada’s past has shaped her identity as a middle power because she has matured and grown as a
To say Canada played an important role in World War Two would be an understatement. Canada’s significance in the war will forever be remembered as one of the greatest, and the Battle of Hong Kong is a prime example of just that. The fact that Canada provided troops even with the optional not to, and the struggles the troops endured not only on the battlefield, but as prisoners of war, and the amount of physical and moral support the Canadian soldiers gave to the British soldiers in Hong Kong is proof that Canada was a major contributor in World War Two.
When one thinks of Canada, he/she is most likely to stereotypically comment on a subject regarding hockey, beavers, maple syrup, and cold weather. However, not many stop and wonder about how Canada became the peaceful nation it is today. Throughout Canada’s relatively short and brief history, it has managed to flourish into a strong and powerful nation. Canada’s peaceful identity has been formed with meaningful historic events that have occurred throughout our history.It’s identity has been characterized by Lester B. Pearson's role during the suez canal, their involvement in the Vietnam war, and its engagement in peacekeeping missions around the world.
Beyond the historic battles, there is a clear acknowledgement that Canada as an emerging state has always had to tramp very carefully, first surviving as a colony of Britain, the greatest power of the last century, and then coming of age next door to the new major imperial
Not only did Canada’s acceptance show their motive to lessen the war and desire for peace, it also outlined that this country was no longer under the strings of the U.S. who (at the time) was considered a superpower and had great military power. To be more specific, 20 000 American draft-dodgers and 12 000 army deserters from their military service in Vietnam were welcomed and found refuge in Canada . The ‘draft dodgers’ event proves that Canada stepped away from the big, violent idea of “Communism vs Capitalism” and walked towards peace and responsible choices. In fact, Canada was capable of over-looking the United States’ desire and their dependent relationship for peace and
During the 1920’s and 30’s, Canada gained political, economic, and social autonomy through several crucial events. To begin with, Autonomy is defined as a nation's independence from another countries obstruction in its domestic affairs, which could simply mean having the power to govern oneself and make one’s own decisions. During the Interwar period, Canada was involved in several events. However, this time around Canada was not just around as Britain’s puppet, but there as a conscious being aware of its own actions. The one similar aspect is that Canada was still quite influenced by Britain and now even America. Otherwise, Canada had started to build up its own autonomy throughout these events in the political, social, and economical properties,
During the 1950s Canadian lives and history changed forever. The Suez Crisis was a political and military confrontation in Egypt that had a threat on the US and Great Britain. The Crisis brought Canadians together to help produce a large-scale peacemaking mission. Canada’s role in the Korean war was to protect South Korea as part of the United Nations and to work as peacekeepers after the war had ended. This war was the first time that women joined senior military ranks, a huge step for Canada and equal rights.
During the course of the Second World War, Canada evolved into a powerful, resourceful nation that was needed by the Allies. Canada contributed significantly to the Allied war effort during World War II where they fought on land, water and air and assisted indirectly from the home front. On land, they fought in numerous battles and campaigns such as D-Day, Hong Kong, and the Italian campaign. However, they were also strong and resourceful when it came to air and naval forces in battle. But even outside of battle, Canada was still able to make a contribution through its civilians.
Canadian identity wasn’t always stereotypically related to polar bears, maple syrup and beavers. Various movements in the 20th century began the development of Canadian identity. Aspects of Canadian society such as technology, peacekeeping and immigration gave Canada a distinct identity. Technology distinguished Canada as a developed nation amongst others with advanced transportation, communication and electricity. Peacekeeping is also an essential part in Canada's identity as it displays effort and desire for world peace, which is something many individuals embrace. Lastly, diversity in Canada is recognized worldwide and plays a major role in Canadian identity. Through technology, peacekeeping and immigration during the 20th century, Canadian
Canadians pride themselves on being a “peacekeeping country” and many believe that peacekeeping represents a defining aspect of Canadian identity because it reflects fundamental values, beliefs and interests. Canada has been a leader in peace operations since its development that spearheaded by a Canadian. In fact, Canada’s role as peacekeeper remains the main focus of the Canadian military after its invention around 60 years ago, originally started by a Canadian. Their efforts have gained an international reputation for Canada as a significant contributor to international peace and stability. While Canada has an exemplary history in UN peacekeeping, the current extent of its contribution, both in terms of peacekeeping personnel and percentage of funds to peacekeeping missions, are on a clear decline. The belief that Canada is a peacekeeping country is misguided because recent Canadian commitment shows a sharp decline in Canadian participation in UN peacekeeping. Surprisingly, as of March 2007, Canada ranked 59th out of 114 countries in terms of military and police contributions to UN operations. Despite Canadian declined involvement in peacekeeping during the last decade, it still remains a valuable and important mission that greatly deserves Canadian resources including monetary support, resources and personnel.
Walker, Ronald W., Richard E. Turley, Jr., and Glen M. Leonard. Massacre at Mountain Meadows. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. Print.
Canada, was once a respected peacekeeper now a disgrace to its past. Canada was once the primary contributor to the United Nations for peacekeeping. Now Canada is not even close to being regarded as a contributor. Even the people in Canada do not think that Canada has any involvement in the peacekeeping business. Many people looked at Canada as a symbol of peace which many still do, but most do not know that Canada has fled from its old ways and now is just an image of the past. Canada is no longer presented as a peacekeeping country. Therefore Canada is not the peace keeping country it used to be because of its lack of support to the United Nations, Canada’s opinion on its duty as a peacekeeper, and the loss of influence as a peacekeeper.
As the 20th century comes to an end, Canada is a transcontinental nation whose interests and representatives span the face of the globe and extend into every sphere of human behaviour. However this was not always the case. When the four colonies of British North America united to create Canada on July 1, 1867, the new country's future was by no means secure. Canada was a small country, with unsettled borders, vast empty spaces, and a large powerful neighbour, the United States. Confronting these challenges was difficult for the young country. Though Canada was independent in domestic matters, Britain retained control over its foreign policy. Over the next fifty or so years, Canada's leaders and its
The first major event that impacted Canada’s legacy, as a whole, was the sacrificial battle of Vimy Ridge. Vimy Ridge was proven to be essential to the foundation of Canada as it signified the birth of a new nation and it was considered to be the greatest battle fought, in World War One. Firstly, the Battle of Vimy Ridge established Canada’s emergence as a newly born nation from under the shadow of Britain and gave a verification of Canada’s prominence on the international level. For instance, after successfully regaining the ridge, it displayed to the British superpower, that Canada are worthy of independence, that must be granted upon as a reward for a significant victory (Fonseca). As a result, the Battle of Vimy Ridge, marked the end of British soldiers commanding Canadian troops, as Canada showed tremendous resilience internationally, and also proved that we are independently, capable of leading a well-organized attack against other countries (Fonseca). This milestone was a huge accomplishment for Canadians, as eventually this was the catalyst for total autonomy of Britain (“History Now”). Secondly, the Battle of Vimy Ridge gave Canada justified independence on the international stage. As a result of winning the complicated battle, Canada was deservedly permitted to their own independent seat and signature at the peace talks after the war. This then allowed Canada, to participate in voicing their thoughts, and plans as a newly independent country. This was seen to be,
The objective for this paper is to evaluate the role and impact of the United Nations peacekeeping force as it interrupts with international incidents. A background on the creation of the United Nations and the evolution of the UN’s peacekeeping will be provided. Two United Nations peacekeeping operations (Bosnia and East Timor) will be explained in detail and provide improvements that can contribute to future peacekeeping missions. The strengths and weaknesses of both peacekeeping operations will be highlighted for justification about the improvements. This investigation will come to a conclusion for the United Nations about the implications required for future peacekeeping missions as it has floundered in previous missions.