Blood Pressure Changes

Part III – The Final Report 1. How does the body regulate blood pressure? Some of the normal physiological reactions of the body to regulate blood pressure is to modulate the heartbeat of the person and/or adjust the expansion or constriction of the arterial walls and blood vessels to normalize the pressure.

HYPERTENSION John’s long standing Hypertension causes his heart to work harder, putting more strain on his heart and arteries. In order to achieve a gradient in pressure by which blood flows from an area of higher pressure to one of lower pressure, the left ventricle must exceed the increased pressure in the arterial system (Ref).

Blood pressure in our blood vessels is monitored by the baroreceptors. These receptors send messages to the cardio regulatory center of the medulla oblongata to regulate our blood pressure every minute. In order for blood to be delivered to all organs and tissues, our cardiovascular system must always maintain adequate blood pressure. If the blood pressure drops too low, these organs will not receive an adequate of nourishing blood. Also if the pressure goes too high, the walls of the arteries will stretch and increased activity within the baroreceptor, information will then be sent through the nerves to the cardio regulatory center within the medulla which will responds by initiating the mechanisms that decrease the blood pressure to a normal

Volume where the heart will pump faster to try and compensate for the Reduced stroke volume causing a higher heart rate and resulting in poor Cardiac output and blood pressure. If the heart is unable to compensate for the decreased

If a drop in the blood pressure occurs the organ associated will be the brain. The brain initiates messages to the heart in order for it to beat faster increasing the pressure within the vessels. An increase in the pressure increases the heart action/rate allowing more blood to flow. The normal heart rate is restored.

Going from supine to standing position induced changes in the hydrostatic pressure experienced by the superior and inferior regions of the body. As tilt occurred blood began to pool in highly distensible veins of the lower region. Because of this pooling phenomena there was an expected reduction in venous return to the heart and subsequently a reduced CO (Fig. 5) as seen 30 seconds post-tilt (Sherwood, 2013). This reduced CO exemplifies the Frank-Starling Law of the Heart which states that reduced venous return will result in reduced CO by the heart (Sherwood, 2013). The Frank-Starling Law can also explain lowered SV as seen in Figure 4. The only explanation to why CO (a product of HR and SV) might have increased in this experiment immediately after tilt was because HR (Fig. 1) significantly increased at the same time in comparison to the small decrease in SV as seen in Figure 4. MAP and BP decreases were

DISCUSSION In our practice, as the pressure in the cuff is adjusted to fall gradually from above systolic, no sound is heard. Note the pressure at which the first 'tapping' sound is heard. This is the systolic pressure. As the pressure in the bag is reduced further the sound first becomes quieter, then changes to a louder tapping. With further decreases in pressure, the sound changes again from a tapping sound to a blowing noise. The pressure at which this change occurs recorded as the diastolic pressure. Further reduction in cuff pressure leads to the total disappearance of any sound. Posture change definitely affect both arterial blood pressure and pulse rate. After standing for several minutes we obtained 121/84 mm hg for blood pressure and 100 pulse/min for pulse. After reclining for 1 minute, the result come out as expected that both arterial pressure and pulse rate decrease to 120/69 mm Hg with 102 pulse/min.

6. Removing lymph nodes can result in a condition called lymphedema which is caused when lymphatic fluids collect in the tissue surrounding the excised lymph node. 7. Megan’s growth hormone-releasing hormone level is normal. 8. Megan would most likely be treated for her condition with growth hormone since growth hormone-releasing hormone is being released from

Blood pressure is defined as the pressure of blood as it’s applied to the walls of blood vessels when the heart contracts. Blood pressure is important to homeostasis in the body because it helps maintain temperature and proper delivery of nutrients to the body. The kidneys depend on blood pressure for helping it filter blood and they also control one of the mechanisms for regulating blood pressure called long term blood pressure control. When the blood pressure is low, the kidneys release substance/enzyme called renin. Renin causes the production of a chemical known as angiotensin 2 through this cascade of reactions. Then, Angiotensin 2 causes constriction of blood vessels which means the lessening of the diameter in the blood vessels. When blood vessels are constricted the blood pressure rises. Another gland also helps out. This is called the adrenal gland. In this process, the adrenal cortex on the outside of the adrenal gland releases a substance called aldosterone in the presence of angiotensin 2. This substance increases sodium reabsorption in the body. This also increases water reabsorption. In addition, the reabsorbed water increases the blood volume which also increases the

It is important to measure blood pressure during rest to determine if an individual is at high risk for cardiovascular disease. It also establishes a baseline that can be used to evaluate the effects of exercise on blood pressure. It is just as important to measure blood pressure during exercise, which allows the clinicians to detect any rapid changes in a person’s blood pressure. During exercise the systolic blood pressure increases, however the diastolic pressure does not change considerably during exercise. So it is important to measure the blood pressure during exercise, it detect any abnormal changes in systolic or diastolic pressure. High resting blood pressure are associated with hypertension. Hypertension is defined as systolic blood

From a blood pressure reading of 140/90, the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology issued new guidelines on Monday. The two health groups lowered the threshold to 130/80, Reuters reported.

A reflective account of blood pressure testing during a clinical simulative skill session The clinical skill that I have decided to reflect on in this essay is the manual blood pressure test that I have performed on one of my colleague during a simulative clinical skills session. The aim of this essay is to reflect on this experience, so as to learn from it, identify areas of concern and increase competence in this skill accordingly. To start the essay it is the custom to at least give a definition of blood pressure test, and understand how to interprete the results. I will then proceed to reflect on this whole experience. I will continue by revealing two issues that I have encountered while performing the blood pressure test, and

Blood pressure is defined as “the force per unit area exerted on a vessel wall by the contained blood” (Marieb, 2013, p. 701). A “normal” blood pressure is read as 120/80 mm Hg, however, blood pressure fluctuates.

• Obesity. As you gain weight, the amount of blood circulating through your body increases. This puts added pressure on your artery walls, increasing your blood pressure.

BECOMING FAMILIAR WITH SOUNDS AND MEASUREMENTS OF BLOOD PRESSURE ON VARIOUS BODY PARTS Lab group: Makayla Herring, Sydney Olson, Daniella Locke, Peyton Overstreet Blood pressure is made by the ventricles contracting and pushing blood into the arteries. When the blood is pushed from the heart to the arteries there is an increase in pressure and then the pressure declines until the heart contracts again. Systolic pressure is the highest pressure which occurs immediately after the ventricle contracts. Diastolic pressure is the lowest pressure which occurs immediately before the ventricle contracts. Blood pressure is presented as systolic/ diastolic and the normal blood pressure should be less than 120/80. Vasoconstriction is the contraction of smooth muscular wall decreasing the vessel diameter. Vasodilation is the widening of blood vessels caused by the relaxation of the smooth muscular wall. Ischemia is the interrupted blood flow to a particular area. Korotkoff are sounds, the first tapping sound is the systolic and the cessations of sounds is the diastolic. We hypothesized (a) the blood pressure in the lower leg will vary when standing versus lying, and (b) blood pressure will vary in different body parts. In exercise 1, we did not use the powerlab, but we placed the cuff on the upper arm inflated it to about 180 mmHg 