Alexa Do
Mr. Bunic
Human Physiology Honors, Period 1
10 September 2017
Heart Anatomy and Blood Pressure
The cardiovascular system is an organ system that distributes nutrients and oxygen to the body’s cells. The heart is an essential organ that pumps blood throughout the body. The cardiac cycle, the pressure of the blood, and the heart rate all play into how the heart is so significant to the cardiovascular system.
This illustration depicts the left ventricle, right ventricle, tricuspid valve, the bicuspid (mitral) valve, left atrium, right atrium, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, aorta, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins, the lungs, and blood cells. The arrows in figure B portray the directions that blood flows through the heart. The light blue arrow depicts the blood entering the right atrium from both the superior and interior vena cavae. The light red arrow shows the blood coming from the lungs through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium.
The cardiac cycle
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This device is an inflatable rubber cuff that is to be wrapped around the arm. As the heart beats, blood from the arteries causes a decrease in pressure as the heart ventricles prepare for another beat. The sphygmomanometer cuff is inflated above than the expected systolic pressure. As the valve is opened, cuff pressure slowly decreases until it equals the arterial systolic pressure. At this point, blood starts to flow past the cuff, creating blood flow and sounds that can be heard by a stethoscope. Systolic pressure refers to the amount of pressure in the arties during the contraction of the heart muscle. The pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats is known as the diastolic pressure. The normal blood pressure of a sixteen-year-old female includes: ninety-five to one hundred-and-five for the systolic pressure, and fifty to sixty-five for the diastolic
The purpose of arterial pressure and the pulse lab is to determine the effect of posture and exercise on systolic and diastolic pressure and the heart rate. And also in order to find the differences in the reading taken under these condition compares to the baseline reading. The Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope are used to measure the systolic and diastolic blood pressure, counting the beat on the radial artery will give the reading for pulse rate and by using the lab scribe software and IWX214, the blood pressure will be measured. In the heart, the aorta and the carotid arteries have baroreceptors and the chemoreceptors that identify the changes in arterial pressure and the changes in
R E V I E W S H E E T 30 Anatomy of the Heart
In a normal human being the heart correctly functions by the blood first entering through the right atrium from the superior and inferior vena cava. This blood flow continues through the right atrioventricular valve into the right ventricle. The right ventricle contracts forcing the pulmonary valve to open leading blood flow through the pulmonary valve and into the pulmonary trunk. Blood is then distributed from the right and left pulmonary arteries to the lungs, where carbon dioxide is unloaded and oxygen is loaded into the blood. The blood is returned from the lungs to the left
The natural “pacemaker” of the heart is the initiating electrical conductor to start each heartbeat which is identified as the sinoatrial node located in the right atrium of the heart and signals for atrial contraction (Levine & Miller, 2008). The electricity travels then to the atrioventricular node that signals for ventricular contraction. The Bundle of His receives this signal and the electrical impulse is split down the septum of the heart to each ventricle. The impulse then terminates in the purkinje fibers following contraction of the ventricles (http://www.emedicine.medscape.com/article/1922987-overview#a4). This process is repeated with every
Lance Preston was a paranormal investigator and host on the Grave Encounters television show. When filming the show, Lance and his crew, would go to different locations across the country to find evidence that there is life after death and that these locations are haunted. Behind closed doors though, Lance and his crew forge a majority of the scares that are aired. Even when strange things started to happen, Lance consistently remained in his host character. He may seem like a very shallow character, but there is actually much more to him.
The hearts function as a double pump that serves two circulations. The pulmonary pump in the right side of heart is provided for the gas exchange in the body, and the systemic circulation in the left side provides the functional blood supply to all body tissues. The functional blood to the heart is provided by the coronary arteries. Right coronary artery supplies the heart through the posterior interventricular and marginal artery branches; and the left coronary artery supplies the heart via anterior interventricular artery and the circumflex artery. The myocardium is drained by great, small, and middle cardiac veins which
Once the pressure in the cuff becomes greater than that in your artery, the vessel is squashed flat and blood stops flowing through it at that point. By inflating the cuff to an initial pressure that is higher than the expected systolic pressure, then lis-
Systolic pressure(SP) is the highest pressure reached in artery after ventricular systole; Diastolic pressure(DP) occurs during ventricular diastole and Pulse pressure(PP) is the difference between these two. Their physiological determinants are the ability of the ventricles to pump a large amount of the blood. So the greater the amount of blood pumped by the ventricles, i.e the greater the stroke volume, the higher the value of systolic pressure, hence pulse pressure increases. They will be determined by the capacity of the aorta to expand and hold the volume of blood from the ventricles, so its compliance. As the aorta expands to hold the blood from the ventricles, the pressure inside it will drop, hence the systolic pressure drops.
The vascular system has a network of arteries, veins and capillaries, and these have a structure adjusted to their function. Atherosclerosis is a state in which an artery wall thickens by formation of fatty materials such as cholesterol. Blood pressure is calculated using a sphygmomanometer. The most used units of pressure are mmHg (millimeters of mercury). A healthy adult blood pressure is around 140 over 80. It contains of two numbers where one is the systolic pressure which is the maximum pressure when the heart contracts. The other one is the diastolic pressure which is the minimum pressure when the heart relaxes and fills with
The purpose of this lab is to check the variance of blood pressure on people, and whether or not it is higher or lower based on height. It does not seem, that the shorter you are, the higher your blood pressure, and the Taller you are, the lowery our blood pressure.according to my data, Short people varied by MUCH, one had 154/70, while another had 95/56. GIGANTIC differences in numbers, so obviously my hypothesis was wrong on that corner, but when it came to taller, it varied much less. it went from 100/63 to 165/120. I do believe this to be a miscalculation, and do not honestly consider it right, but the second highest is 126/69, so I do believe it is more median than the last. There were almost assuredly and it is guaranteed some errors,
This experiment was conducted using one subject from the group. The Cold pressor test is used to demonstrate the continuous changes in blood pressure and heart rate. Types of equipment used to perform this test were Sphygmomanometer and ice water bath. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded in different ways.
amount of pressure exerted on arterial walls in the patient’s heart. Blood pressure is measured in
In the first part of the practical, we will dissect the heart of a sheep and observe its anatomical structure. We will also examine the structure of blood vessels at a microscopic level. My hypothesis is that by examining the anatomy of the cardiovascular system, we will be able to detect differences in both vessels and the chambers of the heart. In the second part of the practical we will examine the electrical activity of the heart. In doing so my aim will be to produce a familiar ECG reading containing a P wave, QRS complex and T wave. Futhermore, we will take blood pressure readings by listening to the korotkoff sounds of the heart using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. We hypothesis that the higher the arm position is from the ground, the smaller the blood pressure reading will
What is hypertension (high blood pressure)? Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of blood vessels, and the magnitude of this force depends on the cardiac output and the resistance of the blood vessels. Classification of blood pressure: This view has led the American Heart Association (AHA), for example, to define the following ranges of blood pressure (in mmHg): Normal blood pressure is below 120 systolic and below 80 diastolic Prehypertension is 120-139 systolic or 80-89 diastolic Stage 1 high blood pressure (hypertension) is 140-159 systolic or 90-99 diastolic Stage 2 high blood pressure (hypertension) is 160 or higher systolic or 100 or higher diastolic Hypertensive crisis (a medical emergency) is when blood pressure is above 180 systolic or above 110 diastolic.
It is the measurement of the force of the blood pushing against the artery walls. A blood pressure cuff and a stethoscope is what are used to measure this. While taking you blood pressure two numbers are recorded; Systolic pressure and Diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure is the higher number that refers to the pressure inside the artery when the heart contracts and pumps blood through the body. Diastolic pressure is the lower number and refers to the pressure inside the artery when the heart is at rest and is filling with blood. Having high blood pressure can increase the risk of coronary heart disease (i.e. heart attack, stroke).