Bloodstain Analysis Lab Report

Any moist or wet biological evidence (blood, body fluids, plants, etc.) like the lottery ticket on the counter with the blood smeared print on it should be collected wearing gloves it should then be placed in a clean unused paper container such an envelope, and or small bag and transported back to an evidence receiving area, it should then be taken out of the bag and allowed to air dry thoroughly. The Ninhydrin process should be applied to this piece of evidence to obtain noticeable prints.

The world of Forensic Scientist is an amazing and fascinating place. There are so many aspects that go into forensic science but in this paper we are only covering bloodstain spatter patterns. Bloodstain spatter patterns are not solely used to solve crimes but I do feel it is one of the most important. Bloodstains never lie.

My unknown organism #6 is Morganella morganii, which is a gram-negative bacillus rods commonly found in the environment and also in the intestinal tracts of humans, mammals, and reptiles as a normal flora. (3, 5) This bacterium Morganella morganii, was first discovered in the 1906 by a British bacteriologist named H. de R. Morgan. (2) Despite its wide distribution, it is an uncommon cause of community-acquired infection and is most often encountered inpostoperative and other nosocomial settings. (2, 3) Morganella morganii infections respond well to appropriate antibiotic therapy; however, its

Bacteria are ubiquitous; they can be found on the skin, in the soil, and inside the body. Because of the very nature of this ubiquity, it is important to be able to determine between different strains of bacteria. An example of this is determining the causative agent for a disease so that the patient will be treated with the appropriate antibiotics. It may be important to determine the bacteria in a certain region, because like with enteric bacteria, it is normal to find them in the digestive tract as they are in a symbiotic relationship with our bodies in this area; however, they also cause opportunistic infections in places outside of the digestive tract to our detriment, such as with a urinary tract infection. Some strains of bacteria are common to nosocomial infections, and identifying these bacteria as such helps create the guidelines for healthcare workers in antiseptic technique. All of the morphology and characteristics of each strain of bacteria help us to better understand the role of bacteria in the body as well as helps us understand how they can cause illness, and what treatment regimen to set in place. In lab this semester, a sample of unknown

The understanding of blood spatter patterns is not a widely recognized forensic practice. Bloodstain pattern interpretation (BPI) is commonly used in murder investigations, but could be utilized in everything from simple assault to mass murders if the number of trained professionals increased. BPI can reveal critical information into reinventing a given crime scene. Everything from the number of blows, stabs or shots a victim was given, the movement that was undergone by the victim and assailant after bloodshed began, position of objects at the crime scene and the type of weapon, if any, that was used can be uncovered.

The goal of this experiment is to determine the blood types of the samples given and to learn what interactions occurred to each blood type. Determining an individual’s blood type and how it reacts with Anti A, Anti-B, and Anti Rh serums played a crucial part in this experiment. The researcher concluded that agglutination (clumping) occurred in some of the blood samples. For example, Mr. Smith’s blood reacted with Anti-A and Anti-Rh serums (antibodies) allowing the researcher to determine the blood type is A. Mr. Jones’s blood reacted with Anti-B serum but it did not react to Anti-A or Anti Rh allowing the researcher to believe that the blood type is B. Mr. Green’s blood reacted with all serums and caused a reaction to occur resulting the blood type to be AB positive. Mr. Green’s blood also had a positive marker for Rh factor. However, Ms. Brown’s blood had no reaction at all and the researcher determined if no reaction occurred then the sample had no antigens but proved to have some antibodies, resulting in blood type to be O. The purpose of this experiment is to determine whose blood has type A, B, AB, or O.

Triple Sugar Iron Agar test, there was a gas production seen in the media. The media was yellow slant and yellow butt indicating glucose, lactose and/or sucrose fermentation with acid accumulation in slant and butt. For sulfur reduction, it was negative since it did not turn black in color indicating no sulfur was reduced.

There were two pieces of evidence that came into question with regards to blood spatter. In the 1956 trial Gerber, the coroner, claimed that an outline in blood on one of the pillows resembled that of a surgical tool but was unable to identify the surgical tool. Gerber would have concluded this observation by believing the bloodstain pattern was a transfer pattern. It was concluded however, that the result of the blood stain on the pillow came from another pillow overlapping it.

Over all, blood was nearly found on all her clothing except her underwear. This also indicated that her bra most likely removed after she had died. (TJMK Evidence Overview par. 16) According to Nina Burleigh’s, The Fatal Gift of Beauty, “Tests also revealed five spots of Meredith’s blood in the bathroom—on the sink, the bidet, a Q-tips box, and a drain—that prosecutors contended were mixed with not just Amanda’s blood…” (260). Three different bloody footprint sizes were also found to be at the crime scene. When technicians were asked to compare the shoeprints to the footprints found inside the house they presumed that there was print of a women’s left shoe (Messi Report). Rudy Guede’s bloody shoe print was found in the victim’s room Amanda Knox and Raffaele Sollecito were also thought to have stayed behind during the murder to clean the

Add a few drops of food dye to the water until you like the color you see.

Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA), known in the criminal justice field as blood splatter analysis, has been studied since the 1890s. Blood splatter, or bloodstain pattern constructional readings, is a technique that seeks to piece together the incident that caused an individual’s bleeding. Understanding blood splatter on a wall or various surfaces can be instrumental in formulating if a crime was committed and if the blood discovered at the crime scene can be used as evidence. The first documentation of blood splatter research occurred at the Institute for Forensic Medicine in Poland, by Dr. Eduard Piotrowski . During Dr. Piotrowski’s research and documentation period, where he used live bunnies to research blood splatter from head

The older method called most commonly known in the field “stringing” has proved to be a solid and reliable way to demonstrate the convergence of blood spatter for many years. Basically after the directionality and angle of impact of a stain is determined, The Crime Scene Analyst gets a coloured string (which can be red like its seen on T.V) to the point of impact. The analyst than can run it backwards to a termination point (for example the floor). After attaching multiple strings to the area where all the strings can be properly photographed. The strings can be used in different reconstruction events on the scene for example bullet trajectory can be reconstructed with the use of strings. This process shouldn’t begin until all of the samples (stains) have been properly recorded and collected. The stringing method of reconstruction is commonly one of the last tasks done by a Crime Scene Analyst. (Parkinson, 2003)

On the morning of September 2, 2003, Sarah Johnson, at age sixteen, shot and killed both her parents, Diane and Alan Scott Johnson. This crime occurred in Bellevue, Idaho, in the Johnson’s home with a Winchester rifle. At approximately 6:20 am, Sarah came into her parents bedroom and shot her mother in the head through the blankets, killing her. Next, Sarah moved into the master bathroom and shot her father. Investigators believe that Alan Scott Johnson, Sarah’s father, was emerging out of the shower when he was first shot.

Crime Scene Investigators have concluded the blood on Mr. Browns jeans are human and the same type as the victim (O-). The test results are indirect evidence that implies Farmer Brown’s jeans were in contact with O- blood at some unknown point in time. Therefore, the evidence is circumstantial and only provides reasonable suspicion that Farmer Brown may have been involved.

Being capable of seeing latent blood stains is very important for crime scene investigators. Current methods allow the visualization of blood traces that are not seen by the naked eye by boosting the appearance of blood on different surfaces. One method uses chemical reagents such as luminol, bluestar, or fluorescein to produce luminescence. The downside of this method is the necessity for complete darkness and quick photographs. Another method for visualizing blood stains on dark surfaces is the use of near-infrared photography which requires the use of manually swapped filters. Schuler provided a solution to the manual filter change by introducing near-infrared hyperspectral imaging; hyperspectral cameras have the capability to record back-scattered light at many different wavelengths, and output a data set containing monochrome pictures for every wavelength. Schuler showed that blood stain visualization could be heightened using hyperspectral imaging in wavelength ranges from 650 to