Blunt Force Trauma, Flail Chest, Heamoneumothorax, Pulmonary Contusion, Pericardial Tamponarde, Shock, Respiratory Shock, Hemoragic Shock, Fracture,

All incidences of injury should be reported, promptly and correctly managed, in a compassionate way. This should be followed by a root cause analysis and an action plan to prevent recurrence which may include retraining staff, and providing necessary equipment among others. Care is offered free of charge to all staff whether paid or unpaid staff as long as they are working at the health facility.

The presence of fluid in the alveolar space could potentially cause the lung capacity to be effected as well.

Fractures to the ribs or the leg bones in babies. Multiple fractures or breaks at different stages of healing.

Air escaped from the lung into the pleural space. Eventually, enough air collected in the pleural space to cause the mediastinum to shift twoard the right. The collapsed left lung, increased intrapleural pressure, and rightward shift make it difficult to ventilate A.W.

Shock is described as life threatening medical emergency resulting from insufficient blood flow through the body (Huether & Mccance, 2012) There are five types of medical shock. These include septic shock, anaphylactic shock, cardiogenic shock, hypovolemic shock, and neurogenic shock (Huether & Mccance, 2012).

Mr. S was driving when he experience a stabbing chest and back pain for the first time. The pain was so severe he immediately went to his local ER. Pulmonary ventilation and perfusion (VQ) scan and Computed tomography angiography (CTA) was done at his local ER. VQ scan was negative for pulmonary embolism (PE). CTA of the chest revealed

She said, she fell last night while playing volley ball. She landed on her right shoulder and heard a pop sound, too. She did not take any pain medicines. She applied icepack and felt burning pain. This was an interesting musculoskeletal assessment case. We assessed her right shoulder and compared with the left one. We found slight dislocation of the shoulder joint. She had good circulation in her right arm, no swelling noted in the right hand and the capillary refill was < 2 secs. Mary said, since she had burning pain, it could be a nerve injury, too. We also noted a slight swelling of her trapezius muscle on the right side. She complained of pain on palpation. Mary applied a sling to her right arm to keep it elevated. She may need an MRI to see the damage. Mary sent her to the urgent care. She told her that, since she heard the popped sound, the ER or Urgent care doctor can replace it. It will be a painful procedure, and she will need a strong pain medicine. She gave her the note for her teacher and asked her friend to drive her to the urgent

There is a considerable controversy regarding the use of OBL in patients with respiratory failure and those on mechanical ventilation because of the potential high morbidity and mortality associated with its use in those patients (20, 21). While the role of OLB has become well established in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (18), its utility and safety are more controversial in critically ill patients. Proponents of OLB argue that solid diagnosis of underlying aetiology can be helpful in determination of the best course of treatment (22). Moreover, the risk of biopsy is fairly low if adequate precautions are taken (23). In contrast, opponents of OLB believe that defining the underlying mechanism of injury is largely academic and it will not add new to the treatment of those patients because of the lack of specific therapies for underlying aetiologies of ARDS and respiratory

Hypoxaemia can result when there is inequality in alveolar ventilation and pulmonary perfusion (V/Q mismatch). V/Q mismatch is the most common cause of hypoxia in critically ill patients. It is caused by intrapulmonary shunting of blood resulting from airspace filling or collapse. Findings include dyspnea and tachypnea. Diagnosis is by ABGs and chest x-ray. Treatment usually requires mechanical ventilation.

There is no enlargement of the lymph nodes, pleural fluid or consolidation of a lung. There is no significance change in the appearance of the chest. The minimal subsegmental basal atelectasis is present. The compression fracture of a vertebra at the thoracolumbar junction, T12 or L1 is visualized. Radiographic images show atelectasis in lower part of the lung due to decrease amount of air in the alveoli resulting in volume loss and increase in density. The bilateral ribs are free of acute facture. There is no osseous expansile or destructive process. Pleural effusion or pneumothorax is rule out from this case

S: TM just finished working on a car in the back step off platform into pit, wielding AN Car, and fell back on pipes on his left lateral side. The initial pain was 10 out of 10 and it was difficult to breath related to pain. Now, he rates his pain at 5 to 6 out of 10, aching paint to his left shoulder and his left lateral rib cage. Denies any headache, blurred vision, N/V. Ice X 20 minutes now did helped him with symptoms management.

During this assessment, three injuries were reported, burned retinas in both eyes, lumbar strain, and a respiratory-related

“The patients include: gunshot wound (GSW) to the stomach, partial amputations from a land mind, open fractures secondary to GSW, head injury/ Struck by a tank, blast injuries, shrapnel injuries, and dislocations” (425).

Crush syndrome is a life-threating medical emergency in which rhabdomyolysis develops after prolonged compression of the limbs.7 It is most frequently characterized by hemodynamic shock, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis, and myoglobinuric acute renal failure. 7 Direct traumatic pressure initiates cell death through mechanical disruption of myocytes, followed by ischemic injury.7 After the release of pressure, ischemia reperfusion injury combined with an increase in vascular permeability cause edema of the skeletal muscles.4 A rapid rise in intracompartmental pressures (ICP) ensues leading to Acute Compartment Syndrome.10 Prolonged elevation of ICP greater than 35-40 mmHg can lead to cellular ischemia and widespread muscle necrosis.11

Transfusion related lung injury is a form of acute lung injury and is an important cause of transfusion-associated morbidity and mortality. A Transfusion Related Lung Injury (TRALI) is defined as an acute lung injury with hypoxemia and PaO2/FiO2 less than or equal to 300 or SpO2 less than 90 percent on room air, presence of bilateral pulmonary edema with no evidence of left atrial hypertension, no preexisting lung injury before transfusion, onset of symptoms within six hours of transfusion and no temporal relationship to an alternative risk factor for acute lung injury. The transfusion related lung injury is mostly transient and will improve within 48 to 96 hours. Unlike other transfusion related circulatory overload, TRALI is non cardiogenic