Body Composition

The method and purpose presented in this article was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obese men and women in Spain and then associate those findings with cardiovascular risks. The study was done with measurements using the body mass index, waist circumference, and waist to height ratio in order to determine any cardiovascular risks that can associate with being overweight or obese. The 28,743 men and women involved in this study were between the ages of 35 to 74 years old. The study population was pooled analysis of data from eleven population based studies that were given in ten geographical areas in Spain. The results found that for both men and women, the general obesity was 28% and hypertension showed the strongest correlation with the individuals who were overweight. Overall obesity in the study population in Spain was high and data equal to over greater than 0.5 in the categories of overweight, suboptimal waist circumference, abdominal obesity and waist to height ratio was all highly correlated with having diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and coronary risk. The relevance of this study to the overall topic of cardiovascular disease in women is that this shows the ratios of overweight and obese personas in Spain and how cardiovascular diseases effects

In order to identify a condition as a disease, it should fit certain criteria. One of the reasons that obesity is classified as a disease is because of its large comorbidity. Obesity is a risk factor for chronic diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnoea, musculoskeletal disorders and some cancers (Rossner, 2002). According to Rossner (2002), the death rate from all causes, cardiovascular disease, cancer and other diseases increases among moderate and severe overweight men and women in all age groups. Therefore, obesity is

The pathophysiology of obesity is when there is a buildup of excess body fat. This excess body fat is determined by calculating a person body mass index (BMI). The BMI is calculated by an individual’s weight in kilograms divided by the square of a person’s height in metersthis allows us to come up with appropriate range of weight to an individual’s height. The body mass index is used to find out if an individual is overweight or obese. Individuals who’s BMI that have a range of 25 to 29.99 are thought to be pre- obese and overweight When an individual body mass index has surpassed 30kg this person is considered obese. As an individual’sBMI increases they become part of a different class of obesity there’s class I which is 30-34.9, class II

Body fat distribution can be estimated by skin fold measures, waist-to-hip circumference ratios, or techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging.” (www.cdc.gov) The difference is that obesity is a definite problem, whereas being overweight can be directly related to obese but may just be that your lean muscle weight is higher than the average person in you height category.

As a Canadian population, trends have proven that obesity has become a major concern. Around the globe, there are 400 million people who are obese and one billion people who are over weight. Therefore in today’s world obesity plays a very vital role in human lives. Obesity is the state of being overweight, which is caused by consuming large amounts of fats and sugars, which is gathered and stored in our bodies as fats. If a person’s bodyweight is 20% higher than what it should be, it results in the person being obese.

There’s a large campaign to keep our citizens in top health. Proper diet and exercise are highly stressed to maintain an overall healthy system, especially in our modern societal situation. This tactic is used to halt obesity: a sort of malefic parasite on our health. Elena Torres-perez has observed that "this excessive adiposity has been epidemiologically associated with a wide array of metabolic complications such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and some types of cancer" (“The FAT expandability (FATE)

Obesity: one of the nation’s most critical health problems. “Overweight is defined as having excess body weight for a particular height from fat, muscle, bone, water, or a combination of these factors. Obesity is defined as having excess body fat” (“Centers for Disease Control and Prevention”). When energy input and output get out of balance, obesity arises. Many factors can cause someone to become obese such as genetics, metabolism, level of physical activity, and more. “Overweight and obesity are the result of “caloric imbalance”—too few calories expended for the amount of calories consumed—and are affected by various genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors” (“CDC Features - Obesity & Genetics”). “When a person eats and drinks more calories than he or she burns, the energy balance tips toward weight gain, overweight, and obesity” (“Understanding Adult Overweight and Obesity”). Obesity is increasing throughout the United States due to lack of healthy behaviors, big health risk, genetics and increasing in children and adults.

Obesity is the terminology used when an individual has too much body fat. Obesity occurs over time when people eat more calories than they use. The balance between calories in and calories out differs from person to person. Other factors that might affect a person’s weight include their genetic susceptibility, overeating, eating high fat foods, and lack of physical active. Being obese increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and some cancers. Although, the attention of the health profession, the media, and mass educational campaigns about the benefits of healthier diets and increased physical activity, the prevalence of obesity in the United States has doubled over the past three decades. In the United States obesity

A growing problem within the United States (US), as well as internationally, is the increasing epidemic of obesity. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) recognizes a body mass index (BMI), measured in units of kg/m2, 25.0-29.9 as overweight, 30+ as obese, and 40+ as extreme obesity (CDC, 2015). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number one cause of death is non-communicable diseases (2015), which include diabetes, heart disease, hyperlipidemia, cerebral vascular accidents, cancer, and hypertension. Excess bodyweight is the sixth leading health factor that contributes to the burden of disease worldwide, with approximately 1.1 billion adults being classified as overweight or obese (Haslam & James, 2005). According to authors Cawley and Meyerhoefer (2012), in 2005 the US spent $190 billion on obesity-related health care expenses, more than double previous expense analysis of the same concerns.

Obesity is the next major epidemiologic challenge facing today's doctors, with the annual allocation of healthcare resources for the disease and related comorbidities projected to exceed $150 billion in the United States. The incidence of obesity has risen in the United States over the past 30 years; 60% of adults are currently either obese or overweight. Obesity is associated with a higher incidence of several diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Consumption of fast food, trans fatty acids (TFAs), and fructose—combined with increasing portion sizes and decreased physical activity—has been implicated as a potential contributing factor in the obesity crisis. The use of body mass index (BMI) alone is of limited utility

Obesity rates are soaring throughout North America (What Is Obesity?, 2013). With obesity reaching almost epidemic proportions in the United States, and the threat of a global epidemic, we must watch this alarming increase carefully ( Health Risks of Obesity, 2013). Obesity is defined as: "…an excess of adipose tissue…" (A Report of the Surgeon General, 2014). The two most common measures of obesity are Body Mass Index (BMI is a ratio of weight to height) and relative weight index, such as percent desirable weight (Body Mass Index , 2013). BMI is the most frequently used measure of obesity as it has a strong correlation with more direct measures of adiposity, such as underwater weighing (A Report of the Surgeon General, 2013). Some

Although many individuals are uncertain about the increasing statistics associated with obesity, more than seventy percent of men and virtually sixty-two percent of women within the United States adult population are overweight or obese (Wilmore, Costill, & Kenney). Obesity refers to the condition of having an excessive amount of body fat. If an individual’s amount of body fat becomes too excessive, he/she is at a much greater risk of developing life-altering diseases such as heart failure, hypertension, type II diabetes, cancer, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, etc. (Wilmore, et al., 2008).

In 1964 Fabry et al. randomly selected and surveyed a group of 179 males regarding their eating habits (3). Subjects were then divided into groups based upon the number of meals they consumed per day. Skinfold thickness measurements were taken to determine body fat percentage. Fabry et al. found that as meal frequency (MF) increased, the percentage of overweight subjects decreased within each study group (3). Since that time, the correlation between increased MF and weight loss has become a highly debated topic in weight loss or maintenance.

Over two-thirds of adults in the United States are considered overweight or obese [1]. Obesity is a significant risk factor for a number of chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome [2], [3], [4]. Metabolic syndrome is a chronic disease characterized by the presence of individual risk factors including: insulin resistance, dyslipidemia (high plasma triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)), hyperglycemia, and hypertension [3, 5, 6]. When evaluating the individual components of metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance are also considered risk factors for CVD [3]. High fat mass (FM), especially in the form of visceral fat (VF), is commonly

This is a laboratory report on measuring body composition. The aim of the laboratory report was to compare two different field methods skinfolds and bioimpedance analysis to measure body composition and evaluate the most reliable doubly indirect method to measure body composition. A number of studies such as Kitano,T have shown a strong correlation between skinfold and bioelectrical impedance analysis and tend to have an average body fat difference of less than 0.6.