Body Ritual Among the Nacirema

In today’s society, the Native American culture is found only in reservations and is not well known. Portrayed as

In 1956 a professor from the University of Michigan, Horace Miner, wrote an article in The American Anthropologist that has become a mainstay of learning for anthropology students. Miner published the article to show a fictional exotic society called “Body Ritual among the Nacirema” as an example of how one’s own limited perspective might affect the perception of a foreign culture (Miner, 1956, p. 503). The article uses subtle humor to make the reader more comfortable in examining cultural behaviors, physical appearance, and health as the reader soon discovers that the actual society being examined is the American society. To the reader, the article begins to sound very familiar after each paragraph is

Body Ritual Among the Nacirema What is the precise geographical location of this strange tribe, the Nacirema? The Nacirema is a North American group living in the territory between the Canadian Cree, the Yaqui and Tarahumare of Mexico, and the Carib and Arawak of the Antilles. Little is known of their origin, though tradition states that they came from the east.

Popular culture has shaped our understanding and perception of Native American culture. From Disney to literature has given the picture of the “blood thirsty savage” of the beginning colonialism in the new world to the “Noble Savage,” a trait painted by non-native the West (Landsman and Lewis 184) and this has influenced many non native perceptions. What many outsiders do not see is the struggle Native American have on day to day bases. Each generation of Native American is on a struggle to keep their traditions alive, but to function in school and ultimately graduate.

In the essay “Body Ritual Among the Nacirema”, anthropologist Horace Miner depicts a group of people known as the “Nacirema”, but is referring to Americans, whose cultural beliefs are deeply rooted in the perspective that the human body is prune to sickness and disfiguration. Consequently, a substantial part of their lives is spent on unusual rituals and customs to improve conditions of the body that are filled with magical components. Moreover, Miner uses the Nacirema’s unusual culture to establish his view that we simply could not judge another culture that it is different from our own, as opposed to another anthropologist Malinowski’s point that we can judge another culture since we are

In Horace Miner’s article, “Body Ritual Among the Nacirema”, he talks about a tribe and describes their odd behavior. He tells about how the tribe performs these strange daily rituals and how their peculiarity is extreme, but in fact he is actually speaking of Americans as a whole (Miner). Miner uses this style of writing to more effectively prove his point: that Americans are ethnocentric.

After reading Horace Miner’s Body Ritual Among the Nacirema I cannot say that I would want to be part of the tribe. A huge reason would be that I could never go from my own Christian faith to the religious practices of the Nacirema. My second reason for not wanting to be part of the tribe is that I could never be subjected to the horrific medical practices and “magical potions” used on every citizen in the tribe.

Horace Miner describes the people of the North American tribe the Naciremas as persons “devoted to economic pursuits (Body Ritual Among the Nacirema. Miner. 503.3.2)” and ritual activities of the human body. Miner uses a satirical style, play on words to abnormally describe such cultural upon this tribe. Throughout the text, Miner uses words and or phrases such as: “sadism, masochistic, neophyte, awls, and objects in the exorcism of the evils of the mouth involves almost unbelievable ritual torture of the client.” Horace Miner, uses those such words and phrases to describe the various everyday rituals conducted by the Naciremas by producing ethnocentrism through the readers of his text.

This study examines Horace Miner’s essay “Body Rituals Among the Nacirema. While using the participant observation approach, he gives us a new perspective on the daily behaviors within this group of people. Exploring ethnocentrism and how we view cultures outside of our own.

The author’s purpose in writing this article was not to show the “Nacirema” as an example of how extreme human behavior can become, but how an outside perspective can affect your perception of an alien culture. If one were to look at the “Nacirema’s” cultural behaviors regarding physical appearance and health without any insight or knowledge of the specific beliefs or values of that culture, they might seem bizarre and even incomprehensible. By showing behaviors and “rituals” performed by this unknown tribe, Miner allowed others to see that the way studies were representing distinctive cultures was narrowminded and defective. Without the proper comprehension of the basis of any society, huge cultural misunderstandings could occur. Of

The rituals of the Nacirema culture are very unique when it comes to the different forms of beliefs and remedies. According to the article, “The fundamental belief underlying the whole system of the Nacirema appears to be that the human body is ugly and that its natural tendency is to debility and disease” (4). With that in mind, the Nacirema have come up with a bundle of ways to keep the body healthy and pure. Of those ways, most are included with the belief that magic is the key component in the use of ritual and ceremony. Houses in the Nacirema culture have shrines dedicated to the purpose of these ritual ceremonies. Homes with one or more shrines often mean the family is considered wealthier. The focal point of a shrine is a box or chest

For most of my life, the word “Native American” had immediately made me think of feathers, powwows, and a society uncorrupted by civilization. However, in watching the movie Smoke Signals, a movie that depicts the modern Native American culture, I learned many other things. For one, I learned that many of the customs that modern Native Americans have are very similar to my own. I also saw that the family life of the Native Americans in the film had many of the same problems that my family had undergone in the past years. This film was unlike any that I have ever seen; therefore, it reached me on a very personal level.

My knowledge of Native Americans culture stems from my parent’s teachings about the topic. When I was young my mother went on multiple mission trips to the Navajo Reservation in Arizona. My mother came back with stories and cultural details unbeknownst to most of citizens I interact with today, one particular story described kids in the tribe that had no shoes and walked around bare foot constantly. I was appalled by this as a child and decided I too would go without shoes, this didn’t last long but this book helped me understand and provide context for my early childhood lessons about Native America culture. In the book the narrator, Junior, reminded me of the lack of health options for the reservations. Often times reservations are idiotically far away from real health care providers that have modern equipment and a surplus of the most up to date medications. This probably accounted for why it was so dangerous to do Junior’s surgery when he was a child. Later my mother explained how bad alcohol addiction was on the reservation, at the time my aunt was going through withdrawn from alcoholism. I couldn’t imagine a population of people who a majority of the people in it have an addiction to alcohol.

This tribe values the importance of finding one’s true self and what they want to do in the future. We talk with creativity and thoughtfulness and usually take part in new activities in order to look for something new. There are stereotypes that are aimed towards this tribe, such as the idea of us being “unprepared for life,” or “constantly confused.” These are untruthful stereotypes though because this tribe just seeks to find things that they love, which is something that those who are confused do not think about.

This is an answer to the question how First Nations can survive and thrive in the western culture. The Navaho seeks to eliminate all the friction in their lives and move forward toward the restoration of harmony in their lives. The Navaho’s “basic quest is for harmony” and their quest coincide with the Blackfoot’s survival through flux. Harmony moves through flux, a constant fluctuation that all First Nations recognize. Yet Navaho are successful living in the western culture, which is not to say that they are not most comfortable living in the Navaho lifestyle.