Essay on Body Temp and Reaction Time

College students like myself often put off sleep for other activities like studying, doing homework or even just staying up all night with a friend. Our body follows the twenty-four hour cycle of each day and night through a biological clock called the Circadian rhythm. On the weekdays, staying up all night and skipping meals makes it difficult to focus in class. After lunchtime, I become sleepy and have difficulty focusing on my other classes. In the afternoon, this affects my body because it does not give me energy, but instead it makes me crash earlier in the day.

Circadian rhythms occur every 24 hours; an example of a circadian rhythm is the sleep-waking cycle. We are diurnal animals who are active during the daytime and asleep at night, other animals are nocturnal they are active at night but asleep during the day. The circadian rhythm depends on the interaction of physiological and psychological processes to be tuned into the sleep-waking cycle so energy is provided when needed. As diurnal humans we have a fairly stable sleep pattern with the time we go to sleep and the time we wake up, this consistency suggests an internal mechanism controls sleep, endogenous pacemaker. However, this can be overridden by external factors, exogenous zeitgebers.

Circadian rhythms are the bodies' biological internal clocks encoded within us during a 24 hour cycle interval that accommodates to our body’s natural fluctuations in a physical, mental, behavioral, and physiological form and is prominently influenced and modified in accordance to marginal potencies and stimuli reflective of probable and irrepressible variables in our natural world that can be used as the determinant for an individual’s specific developmental, communicative, and interactive compositions.

Circadian dysrhythmia, also known as jet lag, is a disruption in the body’s cycle due to traveling (Prentice, 2015). When traveling one or more time zones, the human body can be affected in many different ways. For example, jet lag can cause people to be more fatigued during the day, have decreased motivation, a loss of appetite, a feeling of disorientation, impaired physical and mental performance, a lack of concentration, and an altered sleep schedule (Kolling, Ferrauti, Pfeifer, Meyer, and Kelllmann, 2016). These can be game changing problems in athletics because teams are constantly traveling back and forth. Athletic trainers can work with athletes to treat and prevent these circadian dysrhythmia signs and symptoms.

Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland - a small gland in the brain - under the baton of serotonin, which helps regulate other hormones and control "biological clock" or called. circadian rhythms of the body (alternating states of alertness / sleep, seasonal adaptations). The human organism synthesized a larger quantity melatonin with the coming of night and reduced during the day.

Thus, two experiments had to be conducted. The first, to examine the circadian periodicity of circulating cortisol to determine

This is a longitudinal study which goal is to determine different ensembles’ effect on the body temperature change. Before taking part in this study, current health condition was assessed by physician and exclusion criteria includes: hypertension, cardiovascular disease, renal pathology, diabetes, muscular or skeletal injuries, previous incidence of heat injury or pregnancy.

Homeostasis is a key concept in biology. As stated by Bright Hub, 2014 “Homeostasis in a general sense refers to stability, balance and equilibrium.” It is a process by which the internal conditions of living organisms remain constant, or within a normal range, regardless of their external environment (Dummies.com, 2014. Homeostasis is controlled by a specific section of the brain called the hypothalamus (msichicago.org, 2014). The hypothalamus is comprised of neurons that form the main link between the nervous system and the endocrine system, which play a focal role in regulating a person’s internal temperature, hunger and thirst, blood pressure, and daily circadian rhythms (msichicago.org, 2014).

(Heldmaier,1981; Kronfeld-schor et al. 2000; Bao et al. 2002; Jefimow et al. 2004; Li and Wang, 2005; Zao and Wang, 2005). These experiments helped discover the many different thermoregulation responses in endotherms and specifically, rodents. Knowing the depth of these studies given above makes investigating this relationship very interesting because we have the ability to discover not only more knowledge about this relationship, but also about the other possible thermoregulatory responses that may occur in endotherms that has not yet been exhibited. R.P. Stated in the Investigating Biology lab manual these variety of responses can also include “photoperiod, ambient temperature, food availability…”(French, 2015). In order to test this relationship and its responses we will test the hypothesis as stated above: Endotherms have a more active metabolic rate when exposed to temperatures above or below ambient due to the thermoregulatory responses to the extreme environment. This study is different from any other that preceded it because it directly compares the responses of thermoregulation in different atmospheres. The study also has the possibility of being published in JIBI. For this new path of experimenting to be published, and

In the article “Shedding light on the day-night cycle”, many new researchers found different rhymes encoded to their daily life. Scientists at Washington University School of Medicine discovered different ways to test groups of neurons based on keeping time that will make them be on the same clock. As we know, life on earth is followed by the rising and setting of the sun. Using based knowledge, there are many night owls and morning risers. Stated in the article, “it is important to understand how fundamental timing information is translated into actual neuronal signals in the brain that are controlled by daily rhythms, including rhythmic behavior” (Paul Taghert). Daily cycles are known as circadian clocks. The circadian clock is based on evolution and uses a small amount of proteins which goes up and down by controlling your manner once a day. In the article, scientist do a study based on fruit flies. Liang talks about performing brain scans on live fruit flies every ten minutes for 24 hours. Every fly brain is behaviorally active 150 times in the morning and in the evening. Scientists are improving new tools to help one to identify signals and understand the control timing in the brain in other species.

Published in Accident Analysis and Prevention, the researchers studied the circadian rhythms of 29 college students with extreme chronotypes out of a database sample of more than 500. Chronotypes were determined by questionnaires that asked about sleep habits and when each student felt the most energetic. Next, the student drove at 8am and 8pm using a driving stimulator to

Chronotype (CT) is part of the circadian routine and it is defined as an individual’s inclination in rise and sleep timing (Horne & Ostberg, 1977). Chronotypes comprise three different groups; morning, intermediate, and evening group (Adal et al, 2012). Specifically, the early group rise and sleep early, while individuals who belong to the evening group rise and sleep later than the morning group, whereas the intermediate group does not follow a specific pattern (Adal et al, 2012). Interestingly, around 40% of the individuals belong to one of the two poles, morning or evening group (Adal et al,

According to Frontiers in Neuroscience, they believe professor Gallup’s theory “was initially developed on the view that the physiological consequences of a yawn could provide the necessary components needed for effective brain cooling in homeotherms. Brain temperature of homeotherms is determined by three variables: the temperature of arterial blood flow, the rate of this blood flow, and the metabolic heat production.” The temperature of arterial blood flow is the explanatory variable as humans respond with an unknown amount of yawns due to the degree. Due to the temperature degree of arterial blood flow, humans respond to this explanatory variable with an undetermined amount of yawns. The rate of blood flow and pressure is elevated by the amount of times one person yawns. It is believed to be that yawning influences a direct heat exchange from the intake of cooler

Chronotherapy is commonly defined as the application of biological rhythms to medical treatment (Cho et al. 2012). These new therapeutic approaches offer very attractive therapeutic strategies for treatment of cancer and other diseases (Cho et al. 2012). Moreover, skin cancer is well suited for chronotherapy because the discrepancy in the risk of developing melanoma by the timing of UV exposure is well documented in epidermal carcinogenesis (Cho et al. 2012). Chronotherapeutic interventions are prominent and essential in developing risk-reducing strategies for prevention and treatment of many diseases (Cho et al. 2012). Recent research advancements show that the chronotherapeutic approach as well as experimental and computational approaches

Temperature receptor in your skin detects the changes in the skin temperature then the sensory and the relay neurone sends an electrical impulses to the thermoregulatory Centre of the brain. This the area of the brain where the monitoring and controlling the temperature takes place. This thermoregulatory Centre sends an electrical impulses to the effectors to bring the body temperature back to normal which is 37 degree Celsius. This Centre also has the temperature receptors that detects the blood temperature flows through the brain.