Bonobos And Orangutans

-The bonobo is the most recently discovered great ape in modern times.  It was revealed in 1929 by German anatomist Ernest Schwarz that a skull once thought belonging to a juvenile chimpanzee was in fact a new subspecies of chimpanzee known now as the Pan paniscus, or bonobo. (Waal 6)  During the Pleistocene epoch approximately 1.5 million years ago, the Congo River was formed in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo. (San Diego Zoo 2)  The river geographically segregated groups and individual chimpanzees south of the river resulting in these chimps being reproductively isolated.  Allopatric speciation took place as a response to new

At the centre of the discussion – Ishmael – a learnt gorilla which can communicate

Non human primates’ social organization can provide useful information how human social evolution occurs. We will go over main points of how similar and different non human primates such as chimpanzees, orangutans, and gorillas’ society are compared to ours, humans.

During the Eocene epoch, 47,000,000 years ago, one of our ancestors lived in what is now Germany. She was still young, her baby teeth still intact and probably less than a year old. This little girl came to a lake’s edge for a drink of water; cupping the water with her hand she slowly drank the water while holding onto a branch with her other hand. Our ancestor died there when she was overcome by an underground gas bubble that erupted, the fumes leaving her unconscious; she fell into the water and drowned. Her body slowly drifted to the bottom of the lake with a myriad of other creatures. The lake where she was buried eventually filled with mud and algae that turned into oily shale

Primate diversity can be strongly seen amongst the Bonobos and Chimpanzees; however, each primate species shares similar social traits that are common among the human species. In the various short videos on Bonobos and Chimps indicated that Chimps are violent creatures where males must assert social dominance by abusing their female counterpart. If a group of chimps were to encounter another group of chimps then there would be war amongst the two group. On the other hand, bonobos are the complete opposites of the chimp cousins. Bonobos are female dominant primate species and disputes are handled with intercourse. Intercourse for the bonobos species is also used to solidify relationships amongst both males and females. When two different groups of bonobos meet one another there are friendly interaction and the two groups would

Introduction This first lecture is designed to introduce the primate order in terms of its classification and to familiarise you with the animals so that the rest of the course makes some sort of sense. I will cover a working definition of what makes a primate, give you a general classification scheme, describe the major features that identify the groups within the classification and discuss some of the controversial areas of the classification. I shall treat the taxonomy as a synonym for classification which seems to be its commonest current usage, although you should be aware that some people consider taxonomy to be more about the principles behind the classification than the classification itself.

There is a circumstance that has beset the understanding of evolution over time that there is no general theory involving primate evolution. Most of the theories are just mere speculation. Over the years, primates like gorillas, chimpanzees, and baboons all happened to have their turn in evolution. It was previously presumed that the taxon of interest happened to have the exact similar physiology and ecology as the analog taxon (Rafferty, 2010).The majority of the first primate species theories have been utilized because they solely share one fundamental characteristic with the hominines with the chimpanzees as the phylogenetic cousins. This paper addresses the different ecological conditions that handled the evolution of primates. It

The bonobo has pink lips, a black face, and black hair that parts straight down the middle of its head. It has tuff, black fur. It’s smaller, leaner, and darker than its cousin, the chimpanzee. Females weigh about 63 pounds and males weigh about 85 pounds. Male bonobos grow to be about 4 feet tall and females grow to be about 3.5 feet tall. They usually live to be about 60 years old. They eat fruits, leaves, flowers, insects, and small mammals. They are secondary consumers because they eat small mammals (primary consumers), leaves (producer), and bonobos are being hunted by humans.

The first true evolution of primates goes all the way back to 55 million years ago.. Primates descend in two orders, Stepsirrhini and Haplorrhini. The Stepsirhines were the first of the suborders to unfold. That term is identical with prosimians. Prosimians are defined as a “pre-monkey” in Latin(anthro.palomar.edu). Evidence was not shown until the 20th century of prosimians evolving before the monkey. A stepsirhine that is still alive and studied today are lemurs. Lemurs are the oldest ancestors of monkeys, apes, and humans. There is research of a Lemur’s past and present habitats, discovered theorists, predators, diet, life expectancy, large number of subspecies, and fossils collected about Lemurs.

Orangutan was the primate I decided to select for this primate observation. The monkey was enclosed in a large cage with two other monkeys (same species). It seem to be comfortable and unbothered of its surroundings. The monkey was just sitting observing everything around them, for example us the visitors. These primates are known to be unique thinkers. They are very quiet than other primates, patient, and problem solvers. The staff from the Los Angeles Zoo, provides a variety of enrichment through diet, I noticed a staff giving the monkeys vegetables: carrots, lettuce, and other that I didn’t quite notice. Being able to observe the lives of the Orangutans enclosed in the zoo, are very different

The rarity of human uniqueness no longer exists in the thoughts of scientists believing that human ability skills lie within the construction and use of tools. As declared by Goodall in which chimpanzees used straight sticks after removing the leaves and branches to collect termites or ants for consumption. (Goodall, 1986) Other species both primate and non-primate demonstrate successful abilities., which include a sense of self as well as the theory of mind, by which other species recognize that other individuals contain different information than themselves. Different species also have the ability to communicate symbolically to one another through the sounds of vocalization. (Sapolsky R. M., 2006)

Did you know Bonobos are really smart? Animals can learn languages because they are smart,they have comprehension,and learn good.

animals. Though they are clever, chimps also exhibit an immense capability for violence, though one could can say the same for humans. If a chimpanzee gets in the way of a dominant male or female while they are displaying, the displaying chimpanzee will often turn and strike the offending chimpanzee multiple times with extraordinary brutality, but this lasts for no more than a few minutes at most. Dr. Goodall has also observed an occasion where an infant named Goblin was seen walking unsteadily toward a dominate male -- Mike, at the time -- who was just then beginning the pant-hoots than forewarn of a display. Astonishingly, Goblin stumbled directly onto the path of the charging Mike, and he snatched up the infant “...as though he was a branch

Studies of apes and other primates have revealed that patterns of social engagement and use of tools seemed to have been derived from traditions of specific groups, rather than from a biologically determined script. This shows that these actions are not biologically innate to primates, and instead are being learned and passed down from generation to generation indicating culture-based tendencies. Studies from different parts of the world have revealed variation in behavior and sophistication. These variations in behavior are indicated as being cultural because they are learned habits rather than being genetically programmed.

Bonobo's scientific name is Pan paniscus and the Bonobo’s was discovered in 1928 by a German anatomist, Ernst Schwarz. Ernst Schwarz, studied zoology and then moved to the States to study great apes. They live in the swampy rainforest south of Zaire River, which is part of the Congo River and is located in Africa. The type of habitat they live in is lowland rain forest. They’re only found in one country and that’s the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Fruit makes up half their diet but they do eat vegetables also. Occasionally their diet also includes insects, larvae, earthworms, and eggs. Studies of Bonobos from the wild have shown that they don’t hunt other animals.