Introduction The ‘method and research patterns in political science’ written by James Jacob and Agaba Halidu is the work which is written by the mentioned authors to help students in political science and other social science to get the basic understanding on how research should be conducted and come out with scientific conclusion in the subject of discourse or the subjection of investigation. The book, give lucidity foundation in the process of carrying out a scientific investigation in political science and other related social science field. We are ask to review from chapter 1-6, therefore the book will be reviewed chapter by chapter considering each chapter under review to appreciate the good works and criticize where the authors …show more content…
(B) Research type based on methodology: The authors mentioned the types of research that falls under this typology, which they said are; (i) quantitative vs. qualitative (ii) experimental vs. non-experimental (iii) historical and descriptive research. (i) Quantitative vs Qualitative Research: Qualitative research methods is based on values and not numbers while quantitative is based on numeric and Quantifiable data to generalize in its conclusion. (ii) Experimental vs Non-experimental Research: Experimental research examine the possible influence that one factor or condition may have on another factor or condition. The experimental research is mostly conducted in laboratory, as it is in physics, biology and other pure sciences. (iii) Historical and Descriptive Research: Historical research is base on the study of past events which helps us to understand the present and enables us t o predict the future. In historical research both primary and secondary data sources are employed. While Descriptive research is to describe some phenomenon or to documents its characteristics.
CHAPTER 3: WRITING RESEARCH PROPOSAL
The chapter three of the book provides measures which the research candidate should maintain when presenting his/her proposal to the research supervisor. The authors mentioned the major features which should never be avoided which they listed and explained as follows; (i)
Quantitative research deals with numbers and is measurable. Some examples of quantitative data are cost, number of participants and time. This type of research is systematic and uses the more traditional scientific method of data collection and presentation. Qualitative research has data that is nonnumeric in nature and it is difficult to measure. As the root of the same suggests, it gives a quality description of the data being viewed. It can include descriptions or verbal responses. Qualitative data is subjective in the sense that the answer can be different amongst various people.
The researcher must set a clear hypothesis, showing the relationship between independent and dependent variables. In quantitative research tools are used to collect numerical data. The information can be gathered using questionnaires or some type of equipment. Quantitative data is efficient at testing a hypothesis, but can miss contextual detail. In quantitative research, the researcher is often objectively separated from the subject matter. One of the ways quantitative research is different from qualitative research is that quantitative research requires extraction of large amounts of statistical data. Qualitative research is focused in on personal viewpoints and opinions of a smaller number of subjects (typically). Qualitative research can take more time than quantitative research (McCusker & Gunaydin,
Research can be used in many methods, for example: questionnaires, television, leaflets, books etc. it allows us to keep up to date on the new findings or discoveries e.g. a new type of cancer or a new vaccination. Research is the investigation into
In this paper you will learn the process of research. Anyone can research but in order to research correctly, one must know the language and process. As always when researching the reason one is researching to find new information. This is when one will familiarize their self with new research terminology as well as knowledge. When one describes the research process it should contain; the new terminology found, how the terminology and knowledge apply to the research, explain how not knowing the proper terminology can affect the research and as well as why knowing the correct terminology helps. When researching one must
Great post, I agree with you that the four types of research studies are needed in research. These four types of studies help the researchers to be more engage in the purpose of their study. To be honesty, I did not have a clue of what descriptive, explanatory, predictive and prescriptive were or how they play a part in research. My understanding has now increased about research purpose.
In order to evaluate research projects, and understand their strengths and limitations, it is necessary to first understand which type of research method is being used. First, type your name in the space indicated above. Then classify each of the following research studies as experimental, correlational, or observational/qualitative. Simply type an E, C, or O in the space below each study to indicate type of study. This assignment will be graded on a 100-point scale. Ten points will be deducted for each wrong categorization of a study. The assignment will be worth 3% of your overall grade in the course.
The first type of research that is used in the field of sociology is experiment research. Experiment research involves creating an experiment based off an hypothesis to answer an question. The scientific method is used to keep the experiment on track and follow a set of guidelines. This experiment is done in a controlled setting in which the design of the experiment is to answer the hypothesis. Data is gathered based on what the participants do or act during the experiment. The data gathered is quantitative, in which the data gathered is expressed in numbers. There are both benefits and limitations of
Quantitative Research is using numerical data such as how many minutes, degrees, number of etc. Quantitative research is commonly used to research the number of thing for example there have been 5 members, 2 non-members and 10 monthly members attend a fitness class today.
With the understanding of the research philosophy and the selection of the appropriate approach made above, now it is much easier to strategize the type of research to solve the research problem and its sub-problems. There are many strategies in research. The most common ones are experimenting, survey, case study, action research, grounded theory, ethnography and archival research.
Quantitative and qualitative research methods are similar primarily because they are both methods of research that are limited by variables. Additionally, qualitative and quantitative research methods can be used to study the same phenomenon. However, qualitative research is most often used to study people, while quantitative research typically measures the frequency or total of something. Regardless, both methods are often capable of investigating the same hypothesis.
It is important to mention at this stage that a research study presented by a researcher may not give complete information about the selected topic. There can be certain limitations of methodology and the new researchers may criticise it for being incomplete. As research is a circular process in which ideas can be added and extracted by researchers anytime, the application of the presented ideas by one researcher are tested and verified.
Descriptive research, this will not answer questions like how, when, why it has happened. It describes the characteristics of a citizens or circumstance being studied. Instead it tells us the “what” question what are the traits of the citizens or situation being studied? Although this research is highly accurate, it does not gather the causes behind a situation. So if we did a study on say “How many gangs are in Los Angeles?” This will give us an answer of how many of something, like a situation that is being studied. (Babbie, 2008)
General speaking, quantitative research is thought to be objective, however qualitative research often involves a subjective element. There are differences designs in qualitative research in comparison to quantitative research. Qualitative research involves words, pictures, or objects; Quantitative involves data in the form of numbers and statistics.
A descriptive research is fact-finding investigation with adequate interpretation. It is the simplest type of research. It is more specific than an exploratory study, as it has focus on particular aspects or dimensions of the problem studied. It is designed to gather descriptive information and provided information for formulation more sophisticated studies.
The type of this research is applied which means to undertake investigation to acquire new knowledge. Applied research is directed mainly towards a specific practical aim. This research is not