Bos Taurus Tissue Essay

The experiment aimed to determine the effectiveness of differential centrifugation and tissue homogenisation methods of separating and purifying subcellular organelles from liver tissue. Effectiveness was determined by assaying for the activity of marker enzymes specific to organelles in each fraction and calculating the specific activities and percentage distribution of each enzyme in each fraction (Watson, 2016).

Gelatin is observed to have a lower absorbance reading than lysozyme in only the Bradford assay, while in the BCA assay gelatin was observed to have about the same absorbance as lysozyme. In Bradford assay, the color yield for proteins with higher content of tryptophan, tyrosine, or cysteine residue, will be higher. The observed protein sensitivities did not correlates with the amino acid content in the Bradford assay. As presented in Table I, the mole fractions of lysine and arginine in BSA were 10 mole percent and 4 mole percent, respectively. The sensitivity should have been higher in BSA than in the Bradford assy. However, the observed sensitivities did correlates with the amino acid contents in the BCA assay.

Tube 1 measured 0 minutes right before consuming a meal. Tube 2, 30 minutes, tube 3, 60 minutes, tube 4, 90 minutes, tube 5, 120 minutes and tube 5 that contained water used to zero the spectrophotometer because our solutions are dissolved in water. Each test tube was placed in the Spectrophotometer to measure the glucose absorbance. When finding the absorbance the water will already have been subtracted from the total absorbance of each sample, allowing for a reading of just the absorbance alone. The data results were then averaged among the class and Microsoft Excel was used to formulate the line graph presented in the results section.

The three tissues being analyzed in this experiment, those of the kidney, heart and liver, were taken from the animal Bos taurus. The tissue homogenates used were made by adding 1 gram of tissue to 20 ml of sucrose phosphate buffer. The buffer was composed of 250 mM sucrose, 50 mM NaPO4, with a pH of 7.4. This mixture was homogenized with a high-speed blender for 3 pulses for a duration of 10 seconds each. The homogenates were then filtered through a cheesecloth and stored at -70° C.

Blood samples were drawn between 7 and 10 a.m. after the fast, waited for the coagulation, and centrifuged for 15 min at 1,500g in the room temperature. Each serum was then aliquoted, stored in the -70 o C storage, and used for the assay of glucose,

The purpose of this experiment is to test and measure the time taken for blood glucose levels to rise after an increase in amount of glucose in the blood, and then the time taken for blood glucose levels to then return to within a normal range. This will be done by using lucozade to elevate blood glucose levels. It is then expected that the blood glucose levels should then return to within the normal range, which in a healthy person should be around 5mmol/L. The rate at which the blood glucose levels return to the normal range depend on the cells ability to absorb the glucose from the blood, which depends on the synthesis and use of insulin. The same test will be carried out with water instead of lucozade in order to obtain

some of the test that have been done propose that glucose polymers such as maltodextrin are absorbed quicker and use more, than

Once the solutions were made, we determined the isotonic and hemolytic molar concentrations of NaCl and glucose using sheep red blood cells (RBCs). Using the previous molar solutions, we added the sheep RBCs to each solution. Later, we transferred each mixture to a cuvette and determined the absorbance of each by using a spectrophotometer. In addition,

First, four test tubes were labeled I for iced, B for boiling, 37 for the 37°C water bath and R for room temperature. Four cubes of liver were dissected into 12 cm3 and the weight was tared to 0.5g. The weighed livers were added into the test tubes labelled I, B, 37 and R. Deionized water was added to the liver labelled B and 37. The test tube labelled B was subjected to a boiling bath for a minimum of 30 minutes. The liver was tested when it cooled down.

The experiment began by filling the small beaker with 4 pipettes of both cooked starch and the amylase, and then transferring 4 pipettes of the mixed solution in a dialysis tubing bag. The large beaker was filled with water and 4 pipettes of Lugol’s solution before the dialysis bag was placed. The student then set up a control bag that contained only starch and placed it in a beaker containing only water and Lugol’s. The bags were placed in the beakers for one hour, and then the student used glucose strips to analyze the bag with the starch and amylase along with the fluid surrounding the bag in the

Results appear to vary significantly depending on the method of investigation. Differences in the pre-analytical conditions under which insulin is stable seem to follow the use of different collection tubes, assays, temperatures and performance limits. One contradiction seen in the literature is that most studies show decreased stability of insulin at room temperature compared to 4°C, but a contradictory study showed insulin to be stable for the same duration of time at both these temperatures. With the use of different performance limits and room temperature values, such differences are expected. This makes it difficult to apply the results of studies previously conducted to the testing in our laboratory. A similar study of the stability of 81 analytes included insulin and utilised the same analyser, assay type and tube type for their investigation. The results of this study showed insulin to be stable for 72 hours in both whole blood and serum samples at 4°C. Samples (whole blood and serum) stored at 25°C were only stable for 6 hours. The difference in the value of room temperature used (25°C vs. 20.6°C) impair comparability these results to our study. The performance limits used where also

Glycerol, or 1,2,3-propanetriol, is a trihydric alcohol which is also known as Glycerine, Glyceritol, Glycyl alcohol, Trihydroxypropane, Propanetriol, Osmoglyn, and 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane (Figure 1.2). The general properties of glycerol; it is colourless, odourless, sweet in tasting and in the form of syrupy liquid. It will melts at 17.8 °C and boils with decomposition at 290 °C, also soluble in water and ethanol. The molecular formula of glycerol is: C3H8O3 and its molecular weight is: 92.09382

Six beakers were obtained and each labeled separately as yeast, glucose, sucrose, maltose, fructose, and pyruvate. First, the 5.4% w/v solution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast was created by measuring 5.4 grams of the yeast (obtained from Fleischmann's RapidRise highly active yeast) and adding it to 100 mL of distilled water in the beaker labeled yeast. Next, the 20% w/v solutions of each substrate were created. For glucose, 10 grams of glucose (obtained from VWR International /BDH, item # BDH0230) was measured and added to 50 mL of distilled water in the beaker labeled glucose. For sucrose, 10 grams of sucrose (obtained from Carolina Biological Supply Company, item # 89-2860) was measured and added to 50 mL of distilled water in the

Our whole project is surrounded around blood glucose level changes due exercise and serving size, so that brings about the question of what is blood glucose? Blood glucose is the sugar that is moved throughout the bloodstream to provide energy to all cells in the body. In simple terms, it is very important biological occurrence that drives the body by giving it the raw energy to power all the body’s functions. To test for this occurrence, there are two main methods to test for the levels of blood glucose in the bloodstream. One method is having the blood drawn intravenously, getting blood drawn using a needle, and sending it to a lab to conduct the action. The other method that is much more convenient and less costly is using

Bradford protein assay was conducted to evaluate protein concentration in the extracted liver. The presence of peptide bonds reflect the content of protein in