Brain versus Mind By Logic,A Historically Irresolvable Debate

“The Accidental Mind”, by David J Linden, adequately covers the broad subject of human brain evolution by covering the intriguing concepts of love, memory, dreams, and religion. To make the non-fiction accessible to enthused readers, rather than advanced scientists, Linden separates the chapters by topic and evenly distributes his information by applying context to real world situations. His immense knowledge and research conducted shows through, with thorough explanations of some theories and concepts that are vital in biology.

Armstrong begins his paper with a question for the reader of what it means to have a mind. It is well understood that man has the ability to perceive, to think, to feel, and so on, but what does it mean to perceive, to think, and to feel? The answer, he believes, lies in science. Seeing that science is constantly and rapidly gaining ground, he asserts that “...we can give a complete account of man in purely physico-chemical terms” (295?) Pointing out the fact that this view has been accepted by various scientists throughout time, he explains it is the most reliable way to approach the mind-body problem.

As well as these there are also the axon of the cell which is covered in myelin sheaths which carried information away from the cell body and hands the action potentials, these are small short bursts of change in the electrical charge of the axon membrane through openings of ion channels, off to the following neurons dendrites through terminal buttons at the end of the axons. Whenever an action potential is passed through these terminal buttons it releases a chemicals that pass on the action potential on to the next neuron through the terminal button and dendrite connection. The chemicals that are

To send a message, a neuron will send a ripple of electrical energy down its axon. This ripple is called "action potential." The way it works is by changing the chemical makeup of the axon's negatively charged interior. Positively charged sodium ions move into the cell and negatively charged potassium ions move out, then the ions move to their original positions. This produces a wave of positively charged

1. Neurons is a basic building block of the nervous system. The sensory nerves carry the message from body tissues to the brain and spinal chord to be processed. The motor neurons are then used to send instructions to the body tissue from the brain and spinal cord. Dendrites, which are connected to the body cell (soma) receive information and pass it through the axon. Myelin sheath covers the axon and helps speed the process. When triggered by a signals from our senses or other neurons, the neuron fires an impulse called the action potential. The resting potential is the neuron’s visual charge of positive

The brain has been determined to be the control centre for all nervous messages in humans. The complexity of the brain allows us to interpret these nervous messages into thoughts which in turn allow us to respond to them. To be able to have a sense of consciousness the brain must receive some form of stimulus. Type physicalism/identity theory which was first developed by Place (1956), which describes how different mental states are triggered due to the firing of the corresponding fibres. Philosophers like Place (1956), Smart (1959), Feigl (1972), and Armstrong

Thesis: The mind-body problem arises because of the lack of evidence when looking for a specific explanation of the interaction of mental and physical states, and the origin and even existence of them.

Once in the synapses, the impulses triggers the release of chemical messages called neurotransmitters; which then bind to receptors on the receiving cell as the transmission of the impulse repeated again. The message or impulse continues traveling from one neuron to the next throughout the body until it reaches its destination as it relays a signal. All of this activity happens in less than a split second and without conscious thought. At the end of this process, the brain has the task of interpreting the message and making the decision as to what to do with this new information. (Carlson, 2011.Pg.45-52)

That signal may be strong enough to pass the axon hillock and to then open the ion channels that grant positively charged ions to enter into the cell (Ingersoll, year). Those positively charged ions continue to assist the electrical signal. The electrical signal goes down the axon to the terminal button. When a charge of acceptable force gets to the terminal button, the cell “fires.” From there, the synaptic vesicle comes together with the terminal button wall. This lets the neurotransmitter molecules exit the neuron.

Many are disconcerted by the idea that humans and Minds can be described as systems which operate based on interpretations of symbols, much like machines, computers, and robots: things that we have created yet do not think of as being “thinking,” themselves. We, as human beings, are comforted in the notion that we are born into this world with a fully capable Mind, a soul or spirit, and are, thereafter, free to choose our fate as we will. Although it seems plausible that we are born with Mind, I cannot subscribe to such a simplistic version of thinking about our true capacity for affecting outcome.

The mind and body problem is a conundrum that argues the explanation of how mental

The movement of neural impulses down the body of an axon are are activated when we scratch Mr. Cava. Nerve impulses are activated when touched and there is a sudden change in voltage which triggers a wave of electrical activity that passes from the cell body along the length of the axon to the synapse. Every time Mr. Cava is scratched signals are sent in the body that tell him he is being scratched.

Nerve cells generate electrical signals to transmit information. Neurons are not necessarily intrinsically great electrical conductors, however, they have evolved specialized mechanisms for propagating signals based on the flow of ions across their membranes.

Ryle argues that, according to the traditional theory of the mind, mental acts are regarded as causing and

Neurons or nerve cells come in all shapes and sizes however, they all do one thing. They transmit information the way electrical wires or optic cables carry information. Neurons form the necessary connection that makes the body “go”. Neurons consist primarily of two processes. One process is the dendrites, they receive information from other neurons. The other process is the axon and they send information or impulses out to other neurons, muscles or glands of the body. An unstimulated cell is called the resting membrane potential. Each cell has positively charged ions outside of the cell and negatively charged ions inside during this state. An action potential is a series of sudden changes in the voltage, or equivalently the electrical potential,