Branded As The Tallest Structure

On the day of the attacks, New York City mayor Rudy Giuliani proclaimed, "We will rebuild. We're going to come out of this stronger than before, politically stronger, and economically stronger. The skyline will be made whole again." The damaged section of the Pentagon was rebuilt and occupied within a year of the attacks. The temporary World Trade Center PATH station opened in late 2003 and construction of the new 7 World Trade Center was completed in 2006. One World Trade Center is currently under construction at the site and at 1,776 ft. upon completion in 2013, will become the tallest building in North America. On the World Trade Center site, three more office towers are expected to be built one block east of where the original towers stood. Construction has begun on all three of these towers; they are expected to be completed after One World Trade Center.

In 102 Minutes, the authors force the reader to absorb the significant toll that the events of 9-11 had on the families involved and people across America; also, Dwyer and Flynn seek to inform them of the errors in the design of the towers and decisions made by rescuers that preceded the catastrophic events that took place. The authors mention these facts and arguments to ensure the improvement of future architectural practices, prepare people for intense situations, and to personalize the tragedy that holds such an important place in our country’s history. Through various rhetorical strategies, the writers appeal emotionally and analytically to their audience.

Andres Construction Services is a family-owned construction company which employs about one hundred employees. The company focuses on negotiated work on multi-family apartments, retirement communities, adaptive re-use complexes, private schools and universities, office buildings, and churches. During Mr. Whittle’s lecture, he focused on a handful of projects Andres Construction has worked on in the Dallas/Fort Worth area. These buildings include the SO.7 Shops and Lofts, The

Beyond the limitations of the actual plan, another shortcoming of pursuing this opportunity on Revere Street are the serious implications associated with Alexander’s “do-it-yourself” approach. By not outsourcing responsibilities to experts, he may be avoiding the explicit employment costs, but he is likely to pay more for doing the job himself later. For example, hiring a general contractor would ensure that the building is constructed to code, would be more efficient because the GC would know how to best handle subcontractors and manage the overall project, both of which would help expedite the process

The 9/11 attacks triggered the intensification of the 2001 Recession (Amadeo). This was one of America's worst economic downfalls. As a result of the attacks, "the economic costs were estimated to be nearly $100 billion", according to the NYC Comptroller William C. Thompson, Jr. (Brooks). New York City's cost alone made up a huge part of the debt. It totaled between $83 billion and $95 billion (Brooks). One of the main factors from this huge amount of financial obligations was the city's infrastructure. It cost $21.8 billion to restore buildings that were ruined and demolished, various other organizational structures and facilities, and other renters' belongings (Brooks). The attacks also caused the 2008 financial crisis. This fiasco resulted

In chapters 1-5 of 102 Minutes by Jim Dwyer and Kevin Flynn, the theme of capitalism over humanity in the North and South towers is examined. For instance, capitalism was put ahead of humanity as the proprietors of the towers reduced stair space to create more rentable space (Dwyer and Flynn 64). With more rentable space, the proprietors could produce larger profits, even though it was against the safety code(Dwyer and Flynn 65). The South tower was evacuated during the 1993 terrorist attack, causing an executive from Cantor Fitzgerald to be livid as it disrupted their business (Dwyer and Flynn 79). Despite the fact that it was the safest option to evacuate the towers, many businesses

Some of the important clients that participated in the Preparation and construction of the “Freedom Tower” include multiple Engineering firms, architects, construction mangers, and numerous Cad Technicians for modeling. All major clients are portrayed in Figure 2- Table of Major Clients.

*This was a build/design project. The idea of making design decisions after construction was underway is an recipe for catastrophe in a project of this magnitude. The city's insistence that this be held to a tight schedule yet allowing multiple design changes was unfortunate. There were too many players, lots of pressure, and the whole project was run by committee with differing agendas. The project administrators had to balance administrative, political, and social imperatives.

“The idea was to incorporate a building that could be easily be built and taken down both constructively and economically. Most ideas involved a long, one-story building made of brick. The problem was that it looked far too solid difficult to remove later and it might be even harder to light- not to mention that it probably could not be built in time. Further debates and redrafting delayed the project even further.” (1)

In the past construction also took less time. One reason for this is that safety regulations were not nearly as strict then as they are now. It was understood 80 years ago that any major construction project would come with the loss of life. According to Lisa Vorderbrueggen from Contra Costa Times, for every $1 million to be spent on a project regarding high steel work, there would be one death. In total the bridge cost was $77 million (equivalent to about $1.3 billion in current dollars) and resulted in 24 deaths (Vorderbrueggen).

We are requested to assist the building with creating a method of construction cost data for client throughout the pre contract. The task of data collection is a difficult procedure and can be include to wide variations. Based upon our experience as quantity surveyors we chose to develop a cost data collection method. Our define construction line items and quantities for relativity building types.

Today technology allows us to construct structures that we would never have been able to make in the past. Some of the creations are impressive based on what they accomplish but others are masterpieces in themselves. Man’s capability to build such tall buildings, as the skyscrapers we are familiar with covering our cities today, is a major expression of the advancements we have made as a culture. The power necessary to build such tall structures inspired competition between architects to see who could build the tallest one. One skyscraper that has inspired many and served as a model, for high rise buildings that were created after, is the Chrysler Building. The Chrysler Building serves as an identifying mark to anyone that

Cost of risk is a concept many construction companies have never thought about despite the fact that it is one of the

For whe“When the Eiffel Tower was built in 1889 in Paris it, in a way, taunted American architects to build something taller. By the early twentieth century a skyscraper race was on” (Rosenberg 1). Smith and Raskob teamed up and were racing against Walter Chrysler (founder of the Chrysler Corporation) to build the tallest building. Being the envy of the city was not the only purpose of building such a fantastic building, but there was also a practical reason. Tenants were willing to pay higher rents in tall buildings. So, the owner of the tallest building collected the highest rents and became even wealthier (Mann 12).

Whole-life costing (WLC) is a fundamental theory that is commonly used in the construction industry. It takes all relevant costs into account including design, procurement, construction and delivering major performances. Generally, whole-life costing concerns options comparing and cost-earning relationship (我觉得可以把这个relationship删掉 看你心情啦). This essay will explain the theory of whole-life costing, describe its applications and evaluate the contributions to the field of the construction industry and society.