Brca2 Case Study

Understanding ways to prevent breast cancer are important for all women to know and discern. Every woman is at risk of developing breast cancer, however, the risk is not equal among all women. “Some breast cancer risk factors, such as gender and family history, are not changeable. Other risk factors, like age, become more important as a woman grows older. Some of the following lifestyle characteristics could reduce the chance of developing breast cancer. Characteristics include exercise at least one and a half hours a week, maintaining a healthy body weight, and taking Aspirin or Ibuprofen twice a week can lower your chances of developing breast cancer. Alcohol consumption more than doubles the risk of women obtaining breast cancer, and smoking shows increased rates of breast cancer”(Holmes par 1). Some women may not be genetically proven to develop breast cancer, but that doesn’t mean the individual will not get cancer

Personally, I feel like BRCA1 may not predict cancer in the future because cancer cells are always evolving. Just because the BRCA1 marker can predict cancer now, it does not mean it can in the future. The makeup of cancer cells may very well change which means the BRCA1 gene mutation would also have to evolve to be able to make those same predictions. This is what makes viruses and cancer such deadly and scary diseases. They are always evolving and retailing against our cures and antibiotics. For example, take vaccines. You purposely inject a very small portion of a virus into your body so your body can learn how to fight out the virus before you get the real thing and become extremely sick. Cancer cells are able to evolve just like the cells

Women who are at the greatest risk are over the age over the age of fifty years of age. Patients with a family history of cancer, especially in their first degree relatives, may have inherited mutations of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are genetic mutations that put patients are risk for cancer. Patients that have a history of breast cancer are five times more likely of developing cancer in the opposite breast. Patients with dense breast are at risk for developing breast cancer due to the fact dense breast contains more glandular and connective tissue. Patients who are exposed to high doses of ionizing radiation to the thorax, early menarche, tobacco use, nulliparity, late menopause, and first child birth after thirty years of age put the patient at risk for breast cancer (Ignatavicius, 2013, p.

Sarah Boseley explains how white women have a higher greater chance getting breast cancer than those blacks and South Asian women. According to Boseley, she mentions how women from ethnic groups such as blacks, whites and south Asian being recruited from since 1996 to 2001. A recent study shows found in British journal of cancer eighteen percent of Asian women have less worried getting breast cancer. Furthermore, statistics show white women have more chance to have this disease and indeed, they show suddenly increased higher rate in the UK. Similarly, from Asian women, black women have a fifteen percent lesser than them. Boseley also notes the relationship among ethnic groups, these individual women's lifestyles such as drinking alcohol, breastfeeding, and having a lot of children are some number of risk factors. This source analyzes how these women need to make changes, as a result, they should reduce risk habits.

This examination compiled the following information: Grandmother “C” has BRCA1 trait resulting in double mastectomy at age 35, prior to diagnosis Grandmother “C” only medical condition was hypertension,. Mother “M” information was obtained. Mother "M" provided the

     Breast cancer, a very painful disease emotionally and physically for women, can also be detected with genetic testing. The majority of cases of breast cancer are not the result of known inherited mutations, but rather from two breast cancer susceptibility genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2. Although the two genes are similar, BRCA1 mutations lead to estrogen receptor negative

Conley (2015) states, “In the not-so-distant future, BRAC1 may predict mastectomies, not breast cancer” (p. 658). This is an interesting notion since the test predicts proteins that specifically correlate to breast and ovarian cancer. The notion that Conley is trying to make is that as the test becomes more affordable and more women are tested for it, consequently more women will take preventative measures, such as mastectomies. Tests that predict something in particular become adapted into the social sphere.

BRCA 1 can help predict cancer, as it is a mutation in the cell layers. It is a human tumor suppressor gene, which is found in every human. It acts as a protector against furthering steps of cancer, and if it mutates or changes, it will lead to cancer. People can have their BRCA genes tested, and see if they have the precursor to cancer. According to a study done by the National Cancer Institute, if you have an abnormal BRCA1 gene, there is a 60% chance of it evolving to cancer over that person’s lifetime. Restating the definition of Sociological Imagination, it means the ability to connect basic aspects to more impersonal historic forces. Using your sociological imagination, history has shown that most people who develop breast

Such findings, all of which relate to hormone-based life events, suggest that breast cancer is somehow affected by prolonged exposure to female sex hormones, such as estrogen. Women with a history of breast cancer in the family are also at greater risk. About five percent of all breast cancers have been attributed to a mutated, or structurally altered, gene known as BRCA1. Mutations in a second gene, BRCA2, contribute significantly to the development of breast cancer in Jewish women. Alcohol, high levels of fat in the diet, and not exercising regularly have also been linked to increased risk for breast cancer (Garber).

For those who may inherit one copy of BRCA, they get a higher chance of getting cancer because they only need one more mutated BRCA to develop cancer.

breast cancer from twenty five to thirty percent and women age forty the data states a

Meanwhile, in addition to the male's occupation, radiation exposure and age can lead to breast cancer developments ( National Cancer Institute, 2007). When these risk factors are revealed in a diagnoses of breast cancer, men have more advanced cancerous growths than women (Giordano, 2004). So men may think, how do I get breast cancer? Is it inherited?

A family history of breast cancer may increase your risk of getting breast cancer. Although someone in your family has breast cancer does not mean you will have it too. About 75% of patients with breast cancer do not have a family history of breast cancer. Girls who have a menstruation before the age of 12 and women who has menopause after the age of 50 can increase your risk of cancer. Older women are at higher risk then younger women. Women over 40 who have there first pregnancy is at risk of getting the disease. White woman are more likely to get breast cancer than African-American women, but African-American women are more likely to die from cancer. Asian, Hispanic, and American Indian women have a lower risk of getting breast cancer then white or black women. According to a study, woman who takes birth control has a slightly greater risk of getting breast cancer. Most studies suggest that use of HRT (Hormone Replacement Therapy) for relief of menopause symptoms for more than 5 years may slightly increase the risk of breast cancer (Breast Cancer Statistics, 2008).

have a greater risk of developing breast cancer or other cancers as such. Thus, the findings of this

Although breast cancer may occur at a higher rate in older women; everyone should know their family cancer history. For instance, genetics can play a role in developing this disease, as well as some inherited genes. Additionally, having a family history of breast cancer can double the risk of