Breast Cancer Research Paper Topics

Breast Cancer affects one in eight of American women, and is the second most common cause of cancer death in America. I chose to write my term paper on breast cancer because it is a disease that has effected some members of my family. Due to this possibly inherited condition, I felt that researching the topic would help me learn ways to prevent the disease and educate myself to perform self-exams that may result in early detection.

     Breast cancer is just one type of cancer. Cancerous cells are cells that grow without the normal system of controls placed upon them. Breast cancer develops from the mammary ducts 80% of the time. The other 20% of the time the cancer develops from the lobules of the breasts. While breast cancer may occur in men, this paper will primarily focus on breast cancer in women. Breast cancer is 100 times more likely to affect women as it is men. There are two

Carcinoma is a cancer that develops from the epithelial cells, which begins in the tissue that lines the outer and inner surface of the body. Breast cancer is a growth of mutated cells that forms in the lobules, the ducts, and also the stromal tissue of the breast. Stromal tissue is the fatty fibrous tissue that holds and supports the breast. The cause of these mutated cells is the change in the genes that is responsible of healthy cell growth. These genes can be inherited from family genetics or the most common way which is the aging process. With this process the healthy cells replace themselves with new ones and the old cells die out, but with family genetics and age these cells no longer die out

Unfortunately, as most of us know cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in our society. Breast Cancer is the second leading cause of death in women in the United States, next to lung cancer and also the most common cancer diagnosed in women. Over one million people are diagnosed with cancer every year in the U.S. alone. As many people are aware of today, due to uncontrolled growth of cells within in the body, cancer is developed through this. During class Dr. Weilert asked us whether we knew anyone that had cancer, suffered with some form of cancer or are now in remission. I was shocked to see that about 80% of the class did know someone. Since there has been an ongoing investigation and ongoing research for the cure of cancer, it is now known that there are over one hundred different types of cancer. In this paper I will discuss; the natural history, pathophysiology, the signs & symptoms, the diagnoses and finally share some statistics surrounding breast cancer within the United States.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in the world. Though the unknown nature of breast cancer etiology is still on debate, there are numerous risk factors that influence the development of the disease including genetic, environmental, hormonal, sociobiological and physiological influences. The impact of breast cancer is deep in women diagnosed with the disease and their families with fear and anxiety over the eventual outcome of the disease manifesting itself through behavioral changes. The high incidence and mortality rates of the disease, as well as the high cost of treatment and limited resources available, put it clear that it continues to be a focus of attention for patients, families and relevant health professionals as well as policy makers.

Breast cancer is an uncontrolled growth of the breast cells as a result of mutations or abnormal changes in the genes that are responsible for regulating the growth of cells and keeping them healthy. In normal healthy cells our body replaces the old dead cells with healthy new ones through a process of cell growth. When mutations occur certain genes can be turned off or turned on resulting in cells that have the ability to infinitely divide without any rhyme or reason. This produces more cells that are abnormal and eventually leads to the formation of a tumor. Tumors can end up being benign or malignant. Benign tumors are not cancerous, their cells are slightly abnormal and they grow slowly and do not spread to nearby tissues or other parts

Before going in depth, let us first define what breast cancer is. According to the National Breast Cancer.Org “Cancer is a broad term for a class of diseases characterized by abnormal cells that grow and invade healthy cells in the body. Breast cancer starts in the cells of the breast as a group of cancer cells that can then invade surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to other areas of the body.” Cancer begins in the cells which are the basic building blocks that make up tissue. Tissue is found in the breast and other parts of the body. Sometimes, the process of cell growth goes wrong and new cells form when the body doesn’t need them and old or damaged cells do not die as they should. When this occurs, a build up of cells often forms a mass of tissue called a lump, growth or tumor.

If we are going to be serious about stopping breast cancer deaths, then we need to invest our attention, energy, and dollars toward research, real prevention, and better treatment. And, we need to ensure that every woman has access to healthcare.

Image 2 shows about one in eight women will develop breast cancer in the US during their lifetime. Based on statistics, estimates were made about breast cancer in the year of 2016. Nearly 246,660 women will be diagnosed with invasive cancer (American Cancer Society, 2016). There have also been trends that have been noticed in the past. From 2002 to 2003, breast cancer rates began decreasing and dropped by about seven percent (American Cancer Society, 2016). Breast cancer takes many lives each year. It is the second leading cause of deaths in women next to lung cancer (American Cancer Society). Although the death rate percentage has been decreasing. The reasoning for the decrease is finding the cancer in its earlier stages and treating it as soon as possible (American Cancer Society, 2016). Breast cancer can also be affected by the race of a person. In women under 45, African American women are more likely to die of breast cancer than white women(American Cancer Society). Women who are Hispanic, Asian, and Native American are at low risks of developing breast cancer. Breast cancer has affected many lives of people in the US. Though, there are new developments being made to reduce the impact of breast

Breast cancer is a frightening disease. It can be fatal, and while two thirds of the cases occur among mature women, it also strikes younger females and about nine thousand males each year. The fear generated by breast cancer is intensified by the somewhat shocking reality that breast cancer has actually increased over the last fifty years. In 1940, a woman had a one-in-twenty chance of developing the disease, while today one out of every eight women will get breast cancer. According to the National Cancer Institute, every three minutes somewhere a woman is diagnosed with it. Yet despite all of the media attention about breast cancer, most people don’t know very much about the illness.

Acquiring awareness on ways of detecting and managing breast cancer has numerous advantages to the target audience. Women for instance, learn that it is not advisable to wait until it is too late to seek for help when they detect something wrong with their bodies (Work, Whiffen & Terry, 2014). Women who have knowledge on breast cancer are able to make the right decision on where to seek proper treatment in the event something arises. In cases where the issue is not addressed or treated, this can lead to further progression of the disease and even become fatal for the patient.

There are many different types of breast cancers but typically they are classified depending on where it is found in the body. Breast cancer can be classified as two things, invasive or non-invasive. Non-invasive means it does not spread and invasive means it does spread. There are various types of invasive breast cancers but the most common is invasive ductal carcinoma.

I have chosen to research and argue the topic of breast cancer treatments. Breast cancer can be found in both women and men, and affects millions of lives a year. There are many treatment options for breast cancer such as radiation, lumpectomy, and mastectomy; however, many people are starting to choose not to undergo any treatment. A Mastectomy is when a person has their entire breast removed, and a lumpectomy is when only the tumor cell and some of the surrounding tissue is removed from the breast. If a person chooses to get a lumpectomy they have to have radiation for a least five weeks, and their risk of cancer coming back is higher. Chemotherapy and radiation are very hard on a person’s body and can cause more harm to the body than the actual cancer. I am interested in this topic because I want to go into the medical field. I am also interested in breast cancer treatments because it is a frequently diagnosed cancer, but there is a high survival rate. October is breast cancer awareness month; this campaign makes all people more aware of the general health risk this disease imposes. Breast cancer awareness month helps fund ongoing research and treatments to help fight for the cure.

Breast cancer is a carcinoma that develops due to malignant cells in the breast tissue. Cancerous cells are more likely to produce in the milk-producing ducts and the glands, ductal carcinoma, but in rare cases, breast cancer can develop in the stromal, fatty, tissues or surrounding lymph nodes, especially in the underarm (Breast Cancer). For women, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the 2nd leading cause of cancer death – behind skin cancer. While treatment or surgeries can help if the cancer is caught fast enough, sometimes it is too late. Breast Cancer takes many innocent lives each and every day.

“About 1 in 8 U.S. women (about 12%) will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of her lifetime.” Over the decades there has been an increase in the number of cases of people diagnosed with cancer. Doctors have been more intrigued about learning about the causes of cancer, their treatments, and what can be done to prevent cancer. Although there are many different types of cancer, breast cancer is one of the most talked about subject by doctors, because there are many different stages and many women around the world are diagnosed with it.