Breastfeeding Debate

Sexual selection also suggests that females prefer males who have a strong jawline and prominent cheekbones. These characteristics arise because of a strong presence of testosterone which also helps to indicate

Very few experts disagree with the fact that breastfeeding is the optimal choice for the infant. However, decreasing breastfeeding rates raise many questions as to why mothers are not choosing the best nutritional choice for their children. Despite breast milk being the obvious choice for infant feeding due to the health, psychological, and economic benefits, many mothers still decide to feed their infants formula due to lack of knowledge and support, difficulties with breastfeeding, and social embarrassment. Changes need to be made with formula companies, medical professionals, and the public opinion of breastfeeding in order to give nursing mothers the support they deserve.

In another study, Langlois and Roggaman (1990) took photos of faces and morphed them together to produce composite images made up of 4, 8, 16 or 32 images. Participants rated faces as increasingly attractive the more faces that went into each image; this applied to both male and female faces. The more faces in an image, the more symmetrical they become, it seems that moving a facial image closer to the average increases its perceived attractiveness. It is likely that symmetry equates to fitness and “good genes”, these people are less likely to have been affected by harmful mutation. People with attractive faces are preferred because of the benefits of passing on these attractive characteristics to offspring. Little & Hancock propose that humans have evolved to be attracted to symmetrical faces because they indicate “averageness”, which equates to genetic health. Grammar and Thornhill (1994) found that females are attracted to males with masculine characteristics, for example: large jaw and prominent cheekbones. These features arise as a result of testosterone, which is also a handicap because it suppresses the immune system. Therefore, showing only “healthy” individuals can afford to produce these traits- advertising a strong immune system. Cartwright (2000) supported this, finding men prefer photographs of women with symmetrical faces and vice versa.

Breastfeeding is a individual women who chose to feeds their baby with milk from the breast there are several reason why women should breast feed. You create this bond between the mother and the baby. It may lower the risk of the baby having an cold or flu (bump2017). It protects the baby from different types of symptoms. Mothers who breastfeed are likely to have a lower risk of breast cancer. When breastfeeding it higher the child IQ.

Males usually have body size in relation to the male-male competition as the male who is physically bigger and stronger wins this competition and has exclusive access to fertile females. This then results in a higher reproductive success for that male and signals that the male is highly fertile and has “good genes”. Male-male competition (intrasexual competition) has selected for males with higher physical strength, their shoulder to hip ratio (S.H.R) and their BMI to be more physically attractive to females as they are positive indicators of male reproductive success (Pavol 2013 & Jacob 2015). Women have shown to prefer men with higher W.H.R of 0.8-0.9 (F. Pazhoohi, 2012). The S.H.R is also a very important indictor of male attractiveness as testosterone affects the fat deposition and the skeletal morphology resulting in men with broad shoulder and chest creating a “V shape” (F. Pazhoohi, 2012). Higher BMI in mean is associated with less physical attractiveness and does not relay the masculinity that the higher W.H.R and S.H.R does. All of these indicators of physical attractiveness show that a certain male has “good genes” and that would increase the male as well as female’s reproductive success (Michael,

Breastfeeding has sometimes been viewed as a disturbing public exposure by a lot of people. Most of them chose to ignore the benefits of breastfeeding your child. The article of Lisa Flam is an example of what people think about breastfeeding. It discusses a picture of a young African woman nurturing her child in front of everyone during a graduation ceremony. Despite the fact that people think is wrong to breastfeed your child in public, it is legal in 49 states in the United States. Another perspective of looking at this article is the empowerment of encouraging African women to breastfeed their children because they are the groups that breastfeed their children the least in the United States.

Breastfeeding has been a very controversial subject for many people over the years. Some mothers are very passionate about breastfeeding; while there are just as many mothers who are very persistent about the fact that breastfeeding is just not for them. However, an even bigger issue that has been on the front lines regarding those who have made the decision to breastfeed; whether a mother should be free to nurse their children wherever they choose or be forced to nurse their children in private. Many seem to have an opinion on the matter, which makes this a hot button topic for many. Interestingly enough, this surprises me, considering that breastfeeding is not a new concept, but has been around since the beginning of time. It does seem that women have embraced breastfeeding more for whatever reason, and are a lot more comfortable with nursing their children out in public. “American mothers who breastfeed after birth number about 64%. By the time six months rolls around that number plummets to 29%. Could this drop in breastfeeding be blamed on the negative reactions that women encounter from the public and their families?” (Ephraim, RD, CCN, 2006. para.8). There was a time in history when women were much more discreet about our bodies, but it seems that we are way past that time. Apparently this became more evident during World War II. Breasts became more sexualized after the war by the pinup poster girl and Playboy magazine (Bentley, 2015). We can see that change by the

We live in a society where we have to follow a certain structure in our lives. If someone were to do something out of the ordinary it is considered to be a norm violation. Although, sometimes there could also be exceptions to those norm violations. Throughout this experience of committing my own norm validation and observing a few validations from people living their normal lives, I gained knowledge of how society reacts to these unusual norms.

I agree that breast-feeding is the best choice. I liked that you concluded some myths that are associated with breast-feeding. I would never want a mother to feel that she should have to hide herself and her baby to breast-feed while they are out in public. I think that society is becoming more aware as to the great health benefits of breast feeding towards mother and baby and that is allowing for more acceptance. Now there are places in the work place specifically designed for working mothers to pump.

Breastfeeding rates are continually increasing. The nutritional benefit of breast over formula is a long established fact. “According to the latest numbers from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, breastfeeding rates improved nationwide in 2000-2008, and some of the greatest improvement was among black women. However, only about 59 percent of black mothers breastfed in 2008, compared to 80 percent of Hispanic mothers and about 75 percent of white mothers. For 2008 rates of breastfeeding at a baby’s first birthday, the number was about 23 percent overall but only 12.5 percent for black mothers. That low rate still marks a near doubling of rates among black mothers compared to the year 2000” (Currie, 2013).It is the recommended

Women in society today have become very open with what they do in public. One current controversy over how women act in public is breastfeeding. To many this is seen as a normal part of life, enough people that laws in favor of breastfeeding in public have been passed in 49 states, others watch on in horror that a woman would do that in a public setting1. While regulation deems this acceptable, there are still several incidents reported every year of women being denied this right, whether it is being asked to leave a restaurant or being talked down to in public. Do the different views about public breastfeeding result in a violation of the rights for the breastfeeding mother and her suckling infant, or are they merely backlash of those that do not agree with the practice?

Breastfeeding in public is often viewed as offensive inappropriate or gross. But as a mother you have the rights to feed your child whenever or wherever you want to. I believe it's a mother's duty to feed the child when he/she hungry (debate.org). But when you are feeding your child they must cover their breast with a cloth to give the mother and privacy.

Making the commitment to breastfeed is a direct matter. Breastmilk is by far the best for a baby and the advantages of breastfeeding expand well over basic nutrition. Breastfeeding supply natural antibodies that help the baby resist illnesses such as ear infections. It’s normally better digested than formula, meaning breastfed babies usually less grassy and constipated.

Deciding whether to continue breastfeeding during pregnancy is an individual choice. If you are well-nourished, you should have no difficulty nursing your child while continuing to provide for your unborn baby. However, mothers who have problems during pregnancy may be advised to stop breastfeeding.

Statistical Product and Service Solutions for Windows (SPSS) 12.0 software package and SAS 8.0 software. SPSS 12.0 was used for all statistical analysis except linear regression which used SAS 8.0.